贸易投资推动中国制造业转型升级的路径研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 09:08

本文选题：中国制造业　切入点：转型升级　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：经过改革开放后三十多年的发展,中国利用自身劳动力资源比较优势,深入融入国际分工体系,迅速发展成为“世界工厂”。但这种以劳动力资源优势参与全球价值链而形成的低附加值制造业,随着国内劳动力成本的快速上升,生态坏境日益恶化,竞争优势将逐步丧失,面临着转型升级的要求。在此背景下,本文首先分析了国际贸易和投资对我国制造业转型升级的影响渠道和机制。研究认为:无论通过哪种渠道和机制,进、出口贸易,吸引FDI和OFDI都是通过影响我国制造业的技术积累、技术进步及要素禀赋结构变化来实现我国比较优势的动态变化和转型升级。其次,通过数理推导的方式,建立三个国家、两个部门模型,分析了中国政府和企业面临的两难处境、转型升级成功的条件,并研究了学习效率、技术进步和要素禀赋积累以及我国政府和企业所做决策对经济转型升级的影响。在分析过程中,还从数理分析上说明了中国可能陷入“中等收入陷阱”的情况,从而提出避免“中等收入陷阱”和实现转型升级的政策建议。再次,本文对C-H模型进行修正,用修正后的C-H模型实证分析了三国两部门模型推导的合理性,并弄清学习吸收能力、国际贸易、吸引FDI和OFDI对我国制造业高、低技术部门全要素生产率提高的不同影响及其“门槛效应”。此外,本文对日本制造业转型升级的经验教训做了分析,并从全球价值链角度提炼了华为公司转型升级的经验。这些案例研究得到的启示对中国政府如何制定转型升级的产业政策,以及中国企业如何在全球价值链下实现转型升级具有重要的借鉴意义。最后,本文根据上述研究结果,从贸易和投资、政府和企业等角度提出中国制造业转型升级的政策建议:盘活存量科技资源,实现要素禀赋的重新配置;提高人力资本和技术资本增量,实现比较优势动态变化;凝聚改革共识,抓住转型升级“窗口期”;制定适宜的产业政策,加强产业政策的前瞻性、确保政策得以实施;加大开放力度,鼓励新兴制造业发展;整合全球资源,技术与管理升级并重。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China has made use of its comparative advantage in labor resources and deeply integrated into the international division of labor system. But with the rapid rise of domestic labor costs and the worsening of the ecological environment, the competitive advantage will be gradually lost. In this context, this paper first analyzes the influence channels and mechanisms of international trade and investment on the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry. The attraction of FDI and OFDI is to realize the dynamic change and transformation of China's comparative advantage by influencing the technological accumulation, technological progress and factor endowment structure change of China's manufacturing industry. Secondly, through mathematical derivation, three countries are established. The two sectoral models analyze the dilemma faced by the Chinese government and enterprises, the conditions for successful transformation and upgrading, and study the learning efficiency. Technological progress and accumulation of factor endowments, and the impact of the decisions made by the Chinese government and enterprises on the economic transformation and upgrading. In the course of the analysis, it is also shown that China may fall into a "middle-income trap" through mathematical analysis. Therefore, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to avoid the "middle income trap" and realize the transformation and upgrading. Thirdly, this paper modifies the C-H model, and empirically analyzes the rationality of the derivation of the two-sector model in the three countries by using the modified C-H model. It also makes clear the different effects of learning absorptive capacity, international trade, attracting FDI and OFDI on the increase of total factor productivity in high and low technology sectors of our country and the "threshold effect". This paper analyzes the experience and lessons of Japanese manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading, and refines Huawei's experience from the perspective of global value chain. And how to realize the transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises under the global value chain is of great significance. Finally, according to the above research results, this paper starts from the trade and investment. The government and enterprises put forward some policy suggestions on the transformation and upgrading of Chinese manufacturing industry, such as activating the scientific and technological resources in stock, reallocating the factor endowment, increasing the increment of human capital and technological capital, and realizing the dynamic change of comparative advantage. Building consensus on reform, seizing the "window period" of transformation and upgrading; formulating appropriate industrial policies, strengthening the foresight of industrial policies and ensuring that policies are implemented; intensifying opening up efforts to encourage the development of emerging manufacturing industries; and integrating global resources, Technology and management upgrades are equally important.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F424;F752

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