企业技术创新中的政府科技投入影响效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 02:04

本文选题：企业技术创新 + 政府科技投入　；参考：《山东大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：企业是市场经济的主体,更是技术创新的主体,企业在技术创新网络中扮演着核心节点的角色并成为推动技术创新与成果转化的主导力量。创新是企业增强竞争力的主要途径,但企业在技术创新中面临着高成本、高风险、外部性、复杂性和不确定性等问题。在开放的创新生态系统中,政府能够依靠科技投入推动科技创新网络链接与优化,深刻影响着企业技术创新活动。企业需要建立对政府科技投入因素的清晰认识,增强借助政府科技投入促进自身创新能力与绩效的主动意识。从现实方面来看,吸收和利用政府科技投入已经是各国企业应对创新不确定性、外部性和高风险的一种主要而普遍的方式与手段。但由于创新的主动性和自身创新管理能力等原因,我国企业对政府科技投入整体利用效率不高,借助政府科技投入提升自身创新绩效的意识和能力不强。合理看待、利用和借助政府科技投入的宝贵资源提升技术创新能力是我国企业当前面临的现实问题。从理论方面来看,企业技术创新的相关研究多考虑企业内部的组织关系因素或者外部的市场关系因素,而政府科技投入影响企业创新战略决策和创新管理方面的研究较少,也多基于政府公共管理角度而非企业创新管理决策角度。这种将企业作为政府科技政策被动接受者的研究模式缺乏对企业创新行为和过程的深入分析,不能从企业微观层面上考虑政府科技投入因素对企业创新的影响作用。在这样的现实与理论背景下,分析企业技术创新中政府科技投入因素的影响,深入刻画政府科技投入要素同企业技术创新要素的具体内在作用关系,把握企业技术创新中的政府科技投入作用模式和综合影响效应,进而思考企业利用政府科技投入提升自身创新发展能力的基本策略等,都是具有重要价值的问题。共设计了四个递进层次的研究来解决。(1)文献研究：采用文献分析与归纳整理方法,对区域创新网络与环境、政府科技投入政策、企业技术创新中政府科技投入影响作用等方面的理论与实证研究进行分析与评述。(2)理论研究：采用理论演绎的方法从创新链、企业创新网络和企业创新决策三个角度考察企业技术创新中政府科技投入因素的影响,分析政府科技投入在企业RD和科技成果转化中的影响机理及作用关系,进而探索了企业技术创新中政府科技投入的作用模式、影响效应,提出理论假设。(3)实证研究：区分企业内部RD投入和外部RD投入,政府工业RD投入和公共RD投入,利用产业-时期面板数据模型方法对研究假设进行检验、修正和应用。(4)应用研究：在文献、理论和实证研究基础上结合我国实际,设计一个引入政府科技投入要素的企业技术创新决策框架,从企业和政府两个角度提出借助政府科技投入促进企业技术创新的基本策略。研究发现,吸收政府科技投入能够在创新链、企业创新决策和企业创新网络等层面对企业创新过程产生直接和间接的复杂性作用,能够通过直线、三角和三铰链等具体模式对企业创新产生放大与激励、挤出及替代、溢出与扩散和网络整体优化等影响效应；吸收政府工业RD投入有利于企业直接增加内部与外部创新投入,直接和间接促进创新产出,吸收政府公共RD投入则有利于企业直接增加内部创新投入,间接促进创新产出；企业需要从内部RD系统优化、外部创新网络扩展、智力资源集聚等方面合理借助政府科技投入提升创新能力,政府则需要通过科技投入从提升区域创新支撑体系、完善产业技术创新服务体系和优化区域创新机制与环境方面不断支持企业创新。创新点主要体现在三个方面：(1)从创新链、企业创新网络和企业创新决策三个视角综合研究政府科技投入的影响作用,发现并勾画出企业技术创新中政府科技投入的直接与间接作用机制。(2)归纳出企业技术创新中的政府科技投入影响模式和综合效应,并进而构建政府科技投入影响企业技术创新的理论模型。(3)建立引入政府科技投入因素的企业技术创新基本决策框架,进而从完善企业创新管理和政府优化科技投入的角度提出促进企业技术创新中政府科技投入影响效应的基本策略。
[Abstract]:Enterprise is the main body of the market economy, it is the main body of technological innovation. The enterprise plays the role of the core node in the technological innovation network and becomes the leading force to promote technological innovation and achievement transformation. Innovation is the main way to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, but the enterprise faces high cost, high risk, externality and complexity in technological innovation. In the open innovation ecosystem, the government can rely on scientific and technological input to promote the link and optimization of the network of scientific and technological innovation, which profoundly affects the technological innovation activities of enterprises. Enterprises need to establish a clear understanding of the investment factors of government science and technology, and enhance the ability and performance of the innovation ability and performance of the government with the help of the government's scientific and technological input. In reality, the absorption and use of government investment in science and technology has been a major and universal means and means for enterprises to deal with innovation uncertainty, externality and high risk. However, because of the initiative of innovation and the ability of self innovation management, the efficiency of the government's overall utilization of the government's scientific and technological input is not high. With the help of the government's scientific and technological input to improve their own innovation performance, the awareness and ability are not strong. It is a realistic problem for Chinese enterprises to improve the technological innovation ability by using and using the valuable resources of the government's scientific and technological input. In theory, the related research on Enterprise technological innovation takes into account the organizational relationships within the enterprise. Or external market relationship factors, while the government's scientific and technological input has less research on the strategic decision making and innovation management of enterprise innovation. It is also based on the perspective of the government public management and not the enterprise innovation management decision. The in-depth analysis of the process can not consider the influence of the government's scientific and technological input factors on the enterprise innovation from the micro level of the enterprise. Under such realistic and theoretical background, it analyzes the influence of the investment factors of the government technology in the technological innovation of the enterprise, and deeply depicts the specific internal relationship between the investment factors of the government's scientific and technological input and the technological innovation elements of the enterprise. To grasp the role model and effect effect of the government technology investment in the technological innovation of enterprises, and then to think about the basic strategy of the enterprise using the government's scientific and technological input to improve its own innovative development ability, all of which are of important value. A total of four progressive levels of research are designed to solve. (1) literature study: using literature analysis and return. To analyze and comment on the theoretical and empirical research on regional innovation network and environment, government investment policy and the influence of government investment in technology innovation in enterprise technology innovation. (2) theoretical study: using theoretical deductive methods to investigate enterprises from the three angles of innovation chain, enterprise innovation network and enterprise innovation decision. The influence of government technology input factors in technological innovation, analysis the influence mechanism and function relationship of government s & T input in the transformation of enterprise RD and scientific and technological achievements, and then explore the role model, influence effect and theoretical hypothesis in the technological innovation of enterprise technology innovation. (3) empirical study: distinguishing the internal RD investment and external RD investment in the enterprise. The government industry RD input and public RD input, using the industrial time panel data model method to test, modify and apply the research hypothesis. (4) application research: on the basis of literature, theory and empirical research, combined with the reality of our country, design a framework of enterprise technology innovation decision introducing the investment factors of government science and technology, from enterprise and politics. The two aspects of the government put forward the basic strategy of promoting enterprise technological innovation with the aid of government investment in science and technology. It is found that absorbing government scientific and technological input can produce direct and indirect complexities in the process of innovation, such as innovation chain, enterprise innovation decision and enterprise innovation network, and can pass the concrete model of straight line, triangle and three hinges. The effect of amplification and incentive, extrusion and substitution, spillover and diffusion, and the overall optimization of network are produced in the enterprise innovation. Absorption of RD investment in government industry is beneficial to enterprises to directly increase internal and external innovation input, direct and indirectly promote innovation output and absorb government public RD input, which is beneficial to enterprises to increase internal innovation investment directly. To promote innovation output indirectly, enterprises need to improve the innovation ability from the aspects of internal RD system optimization, external innovation network expansion, intellectual resource agglomeration and so on. The government needs to improve the regional innovation support system, improve the service system of industrial technology innovation and optimize regional innovation mechanism through scientific and technological input. The environment continues to support enterprise innovation. The innovation points are mainly embodied in three aspects: (1) the impact of the government's scientific and technological input from the three perspectives of innovation chain, enterprise innovation network and enterprise innovation decision, and the direct and indirect mechanism of government investment in technological innovation in enterprise technology innovation is found and outlined. (2) the enterprise technology is summed up. The influence mode and the comprehensive effect of the government's scientific and technological input are created in the innovation, and then the theoretical model that the government technology input affects the technological innovation of the enterprise is constructed. (3) establish the basic decision frame of the enterprise technology innovation which introduces the investment factors of the government science and technology, and then put forward the promotion of the enterprise from the angle of perfecting the enterprise innovation management and the government optimizing the investment of science and technology. The basic strategy of government's technological input in technological innovation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F273.1;F812.45

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