急性白血病患者自我管理效能感与自我感受负担的调查研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 20:09

本文关键词： 急性白血病自我感受负担自我管理效能感相关性　出处：《大连医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的本研究旨在调查急性白血病(Acute Leukemia,AL)患者人口学资料、自我管理效能感、自我感受负担现状。分析AL患者人口学资料对自我管理效能感、自我感受负担水平的影响,进一步探讨AL患者自我管理效能感与自我感受负担的关系。制定全面的护理方案提供给临床护理人员,在AL患者生存质量提升方面给予理论参考借鉴。研究方法采用便利抽样法,研究对象为大连市某三甲医院2016年5月至2016年9月期间住院的已确诊为急性白血病的160位患者。采用自制的人口学资料调查表、汉化版自我管理效能感量表(Strategies by Used People to Health Promote,SUPPH)及汉化版自我感受负担(Self-perceived Burden,SPB)量表做为研究工具,开展问卷调查。对数据加以收集与归纳,通过SPSS 22.0软件实施数据分析,统计分析借助单因素方差分析以及多元逐步回归分析完成。研究结果1.患者自我感受负担量表总分(30.53±7.11)分;自我管理效能感量表总分(95.93±30.4)分。分析自我管理效能感量表28个条目得分与该量表三个维度的得分,正性态度和自我决策两个维度得分较高,其中正性态度得分最高,而自我减压维度得分最低。急性白血病患者的自我管理效能感水平多数属于中等水平。从自我管理效能感量表各维度水平分析,急性白血病患者自我决策能力较弱,精神压力是让患者产生自我感受负担的主要因素。大多数的急性白血病患者具有中度水平自我感受负担。无明显自我感受负担水平的急性白血病患者具有最高水平的自我管理效能感。而随着患者自我感受负担水平的增高,急性白血病患者在自我管理效能感量表的3个维度中的得分也随之下降。2.婚姻状况与急性白血病患者的自我感受负担量表得分有关。自我感受负担量表的经济因素维度与急性白血病患者的职业变量存在相关性。在职患者较少出现经济方面的负担。自我感受负担量表的精神因素维度与婚姻状况、主要照顾者因素存在相关性。当主要照顾者是固定的,且是患者较为亲密的人时,患者的精神负担明显减轻。3.患者的文化程度与其自我管理效能感成正相关。SPBS的得分与患者的自我感受效能感得分相关性有统计学意义(P0.05)。统计分析结果显示,职业、婚姻状况、主要照顾者与患者的SPB水平存在相关性。文化程度与患者的自我管理效能感水平存在相关性。研究结论AL患者自我管理效能感及SPB水平普遍处于中等水平。急性白血病患者在自我管理效能感量表的3个维度中的得分率,在自我感受负担水平提升下,得分率随之慢慢降低。护理人员通过增强患者的自我感受效能感可以减轻患者的自我感受负担水平,从而提高患者的生存质量。
[Abstract]:Objective the purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic data, self-management efficacy and self-perceived burden of acute leukemia patients with acute leukemia, and to analyze the effect of demographic data on self-management efficacy and self-perceived burden level in patients with acute leukemia. To further explore the relationship between self-management efficacy and self-feeling burden of AL patients. To provide theoretical reference for improving the quality of life of AL patients. The subjects of the study were 160 patients with acute leukemia who were hospitalized in a third Class A Hospital in Dalian from May 2016 to September 2016. The self-made demographic information questionnaire was used. Chinese version of self-management efficacy scale: strategies by Used People to Health Promote.SupPHand Chinese-version Self-perceived Burden-Burden-SPBs as a research tool, the data were collected and summarized, and the data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software. The statistical analysis was completed by univariate ANOVA and multivariate stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The total score of the self-perceived burden scale was 30.53 卤7.11; The total score of self-management efficacy scale was 95.93 卤30.4. By analyzing the scores of 28 items of self-management efficacy scale and three dimensions of self-management efficacy scale, the scores of positive attitude and self-decision-making were higher, among which positive attitude had the highest score. But the score of self-decompression dimension was the lowest. The level of self-management efficacy of acute leukemia patients was mostly of moderate level. From the analysis of each dimension of self-management efficacy scale, the self-decision-making ability of acute leukemia patients was weak. Mental stress is the main factor that makes patients feel the burden of self-feeling. Most patients with acute leukemia have moderate level of self-feeling burden. Those with no significant level of self-feeling burden have the highest water. A level of self-management efficacy. And as the patient's self-perception burden level increases, The scores of acute leukemia patients in the three dimensions of self-management efficacy scale also decreased .2. marital status is related to the score of self-feeling burden scale in acute leukemia patients. There was a correlation between the factor dimension and the occupational variables of the patients with acute leukemia. There was less economic burden in the in-service patients, and the mental factor dimension of the self-feeling burden scale and the marital status. When the primary caretaker is fixed and close to the patient, The scores of SPBS and the scores of self-feeling efficacy were significantly correlated with the scores of self-feeling efficacy. The results of statistical analysis showed that occupation, marital status, and marital status were significantly related to the patients' mental burden. 3. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the educational level of the patients and their sense of self-management efficacy. The level of SPB was correlated with the level of SPB, and the level of self-management efficacy was correlated with the level of self-management efficacy. Conclusion the level of self-management efficacy and SPB in patients with AL is generally in the moderate level. The score rate of leukemia patients in three dimensions of self-management efficacy scale, With the improvement of the level of self-feeling burden, the score rate decreases gradually, and the nursing staff can lighten the level of self-feeling burden and improve the quality of life of the patients by enhancing the self-feeling efficacy of the patients.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R473.73

【参考文献】