辽宁省成人健康自评状况及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 14:32

【摘要】：目的健康不仅仅是没有疾病和病症,而是一种个体在身体上、精神上、社会上均完全良好的状态。健康自评是一个综合了主观健康和客观健康两个方面的指标,能够较好地反映人们的健康状况,它与死亡率、医疗保健服务利用率和未来的健康都有很好的联系。该研究通过对辽宁省成人的健康自评情况、社会人口学特征、生活方式、客观健康、社会学相关特征等方面的调查,深入探析辽宁省成人健康自评状况及影响因素,不同特征人群的健康状况变化情况。为政府制定卫生决策、配置医疗卫生资源和开展卫生服务提供依据,提高人们的健康水平和生活质量,同时为辽宁省疾病防控提供有意义的结果。方法本研究在借鉴国内外成人健康自评研究的基础上,利用北京大学中国社会科学调查中心"中国家庭动态跟踪调查"项目组在2012-2014年辽宁省的调查数据,选取16岁及以上的成人作为研究对象,对辽宁省成人的健康自评情况进行描述性统计和有序多分类Logistic回归分析。具体来讲,分别从人口学特征、客观健康、生活方式、收入水平等方面对辽宁省成人健康自评情况及影响因素进行单因素分析。在单因素分析基础上,对影响辽宁省成人健康自评的主要因素进行有序多分类Logistic回归分析。将辽宁省2012年和2014年的成人数据进行综合,比较不同特征人群健康状况的变化情况。结果2014年辽宁省有3223成人参与本次调查,其中男性1588人,女性1635人。在所调查的人群中,16.82%的人自评为非常健康,19.83%的人自评为很健康,35.66%的人自评为比较健康,10.68%的人自评为一般,17.01%的人自评为不健康。从单因素分析结果看,不同性别、城乡、教育程度、年龄、婚姻、近两周患病、严重程度、找医生看、慢性病、住院、精神健康、吸烟、饮酒、午休、收入等人群的健康自评不同(P0.01),是否进行体育锻炼人群的健康自评无差异(P0.05)。有序Logistic回归分析得出,性别、年龄、精神健康、近两周患病、慢性病、严重程度、住院是健康自评的影响因素(P0.01)。将2012年和2014年的数据库进行综合后,2012年自评为健康的比例为67.27%,自评为一般的比例为14.00%,自评为不健康的比例为18.73%;2014年自评为健康的比例为71.54%,自评为一般的比例为11.09%,自评为不健康的比例为17.37%。2012年、2014年间健康变化情况的结果显示,整体上有58.02%的人在两年中处于持续健康的状态;3.79%的人在两年中处于持续一般的状态;10.67%的人在两年中处于持续不健康的状态;16.05%的人在两年中健康状态变好,11.47%的人健康状态变差。结论性别、年龄、精神健康状况、近两周患病、慢性病、严重程度、住院是影响健康自评的主要因素。从不同群体健康动态变化情况可看出,男性、年龄小的、乡村、教育程度高人们的健康状况比较稳定。
[Abstract]:Objective Health is not only the absence of disease and disease, but also a perfect state of the individual physically, mentally and socially. Health self-assessment is a comprehensive subjective and objective health indicators, which can reflect the health status of people. It has a good relationship with mortality, health care service utilization and future health. Based on the investigation of self-assessment of adult health, social demographic characteristics, lifestyle, objective health and sociological characteristics in Liaoning Province, this study explored the status of self-assessment of adult health in Liaoning Province and its influencing factors. Changes in health status of people with different characteristics. It provides the basis for the government to make health decisions, allocate medical and health resources and carry out health services, improve people's health and quality of life, and provide meaningful results for disease prevention and control in Liaoning Province. Methods based on the self-assessment of adult health at home and abroad, the investigation data of China Family dynamic tracking Project of China Social Science Survey Center of Peking University in Liaoning Province from 2012 to 2014 were used. The health self-assessment of adults aged 16 years and over in Liaoning Province was studied by descriptive statistics and ordered multi-classification Logistic regression analysis. Specifically, the self-assessment of adult health in Liaoning Province and its influencing factors were analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics, objective health, lifestyle, income level and so on. On the basis of univariate analysis, the main factors affecting adult health self-assessment in Liaoning Province were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. The adult data of Liaoning Province in 2012 and 2014 were synthesised to compare the changes of health status of population with different characteristics. Results there were 3223 adults in Liaoning province in 2014, including 1588 men and 1635 women. 16.82% of the respondents rated themselves as very healthy, 19.83% as very healthy, 35.66% as relatively healthy, 10.68% as average and 17.01% as unhealthy. According to the results of univariate analysis, sex, urban and rural areas, education, age, marriage, illness in the last two weeks, severity, seeking medical attention, chronic diseases, hospitalization, mental health, smoking, drinking, lunch break, Income and other groups of health self-evaluation of different (P0.01), whether to conduct physical exercise groups of health self-evaluation of no difference (P0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, mental health, illness, chronic disease, severity and hospitalization were the influential factors of health self-assessment (P0.01). After synthesizing the databases in 2012 and 2014, the rate of self-rated health in 2012 was 67.27, that of self-rated as general was 14.00, that of self-rated unhealthy was 18.73; that of 2014 as healthy was 71.54; that of self-rated general was 11.09; and that of since 2014 was 11.09. The proportion rated unhealthy was 17.37.2012, and changes in health in 2014 showed that, Overall, 58.02 percent of the people were in a state of sustained health in two years; 3.79 percent of people were in a general state of health in two years; 10.67 percent of people were in a state of unhealth in two years; 16.05 percent of people were in good health in two years, and 11.47 percent of people were in poor health. Conclusion gender, age, mental health status, illness, chronic disease, severity and hospitalization are the main factors affecting self-assessment of health. It can be seen from the dynamic changes of health of different groups that the health status of male, young, rural and educated people is stable.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R195

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