安徽省农村老年人医疗卫生服务可及性及影响因素研究

发布时间：2019-01-11 10:17

【摘要】：目的本研究以安徽省农村老年人慢性病患病率、两周伤病情况和一年内住院率为基础,结合慢性病患者是否治疗及原因、两周内伤病是否就诊或就诊机构的选择及原因、一年内是否住院及原因,探讨影响安徽省农村老年慢性病患者医疗卫生服务可及性的因素,并提出相应对策,从而为优化省内医疗卫生资源配置、提高安徽省农村老年居民健康水平提供依据。方法本研究采用多阶段随机抽样方法,以地理位置为限,将安徽省划分为皖南、皖中和皖北三个地区,并从中各抽取有代表的1个样本县,然后在每个县中各抽取2个样本村,共6个村作为本研究的样本村。进行随机入户调查。研究结束时,共收回问卷1500份,其中有效问卷1474份,有效率98.3%。使用Epi Data3.1建立数据库,进行数据的录入和整理,运用SPSS18.0进行统计分析和处理。结果(1)从对农村老年慢性病患者是否服药或治疗影响因素分析中发现,医疗保险(p=0.008)和婚姻状况(p=0.050)对农村老年慢性病患者是否服药或治疗的影响有统计学意义。(2)通过两周内伤病是否就诊的影响因素分析发现,养老保险(p=0.006)和常住人口居住情况(p=0.032)对两周内伤病是否就诊的影响有统计学意义。(3)年龄对农村老年患者近一年内是否出现应住院而未住院的影响有统计学意义(p0.001)。结论(1)目前,安徽省农村地区基层医疗卫生机构分布较为合理,居民的医疗卫生服务可及性尚可,但仍需进一步优化。(2)年龄、婚姻状况、医疗保险和到最近医疗机构的距离是农村老年慢性病患者是否治疗的主要影响因素。(3)常住人口居住情况、职业类型、文化程度和养老保险是农村居民两周伤病是否就诊的主要影响因素。(4)年龄是影响农村老年患者近一年内是否住院的主要因素。
[Abstract]:Objective this study was based on the prevalence of chronic diseases in rural elderly in Anhui province, the condition of injury and injury in two weeks and the rate of hospitalization within one year. In order to optimize the allocation of medical and health resources in the province, the factors influencing the availability of medical and health services for the elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas of Anhui Province were discussed, and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward to optimize the allocation of medical and health resources in the province. To improve the health level of rural residents in Anhui Province. Methods in this study, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to divide Anhui Province into three regions: southern Anhui, Anhui Province and Northern Anhui Province, with the limit of geographical location. One sample county was selected from each of them, and then two sample villages were taken from each county. A total of 6 villages were used as sample villages in this study. A random household survey was conducted. At the end of the study, 1500 questionnaires were collected, of which 1474 were valid. Use Epi Data3.1 to establish database, data input and collation, use SPSS18.0 for statistical analysis and processing. Results (1) from the analysis of whether the elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas take medicine or not, we found that, The effects of medical insurance (p0. 008) and marital status (p0. 050) on whether or not to take drugs or to treat the elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas were statistically significant. The effects of pension insurance (p0. 006) and resident population (p0. 032) on the treatment of injuries within two weeks were statistically significant. (3) Age had a significant effect on whether the elderly patients in rural areas should be hospitalized but not hospitalized in the past year. The effect was statistically significant (p 0.001). Conclusion (1) at present, the distribution of primary medical and health institutions in rural areas of Anhui Province is relatively reasonable, and the medical and health services of residents are still available, but they still need to be further optimized. (2) Age, marital status, etc. The distance between medical insurance and the nearest medical institution is the main influencing factor for the treatment of the elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas. (3) the living conditions of the resident population, occupation types, Education level and old-age insurance are the main influencing factors of the two-week medical visit of rural residents. (4) Age is the main factor that affects the hospitalization of rural elderly patients in the past one year.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.1

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