长春市成年居民慢性病患病率及其相关危险因素研究
发布时间：2019-06-19 02:33
【摘要】：目的:掌握2012年吉林省长春市成年居民慢性病患病疾病谱以及相关危险因素的分布情况,为制定长春市慢性病防治的策略措施以及改善城乡居民健康状况的对策提供科学依据。方法:利用课题组2012年完成的“吉林省成人慢性病及其危险因素调查”数据库,抽取其中所有长春市18~79岁的居民,共5903人的调查数据,主要包括人口学基本信息(年龄、性别、民族、受教育程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入等)、行为因素(吸烟、饮酒、饮食情况、参加体育活动等)、体格检查结果(身高、体重、腰围等),以及主要慢性病患病情况等变量。使用SPSS22.0统计软件对数据进行整理和分析。根据2010年的长春市人口普查结果,以性别、年龄和城乡分布为分层因素,采用复杂加权的方法统计慢性病患病率,不同人群间的慢性病患病率的比较采用基于复杂抽样的Rao-Scottc2检验。结果:1.2012年长春市成年居民慢性病总患病率为54.7%。随年龄增加,慢性病患病率呈现逐渐上升趋势。农村(63.0%)地区患病率高于城镇(48.3%),女性居民(60.8%)患病率高于男性(48.5%)。不同婚姻状况(2=486.415,P0.001)、不同职业类型(2=310.659,P0.001)、不同受教育程度(2=377.727,P0.001)、不同家庭人均月收入(2=287.235,P0.001)、不同吸烟状况(2=36.570,P0.001)、不同饮酒状况(2=60.575,P0.001)、不同BMI水平(分别为超重:2=20.684,P0.001,肥胖:2=30.488,P0.001)、不同身体锻炼情况(2=186.405,P0.001)以及不同饮食习惯(分别为饮食习惯类型:2=103.984,P0.001,饮食是否规律:2=17.800,P=0.001,饮食咸淡:2=18.247,P=0.001,是否每天吃早餐:2=84.007,P0.001,是否经常食用蔬菜:2=46.922,P0.001,是否经常食用水果:2=75.026,P0.001,是否经常食用蛋类及豆制品:2=13.668,P=0.009,是否经常食用奶类及奶制品:2=181.579,P0.001)的成年居民慢性病患病率分布差异均有统计学意义。2.2012年长春市成年居民自我报告系统别慢性病患病率排在前十位的依次为:循环系统疾病(25.4%);消化系统疾病(19.4%);骨骼肌肉和结缔组织疾病(19.2%);泌尿生殖系统疾病(14.0%);内分泌、营养和代谢疾病(8.1%);呼吸系统疾病(6.7%);血液及免疫系统疾病(5.1%);眼及附属器疾病(3.2%);神经系统疾病(0.7%);精神和行为障碍(0.3%)。3.2012年长春市成年居民自我报告疾病别慢性病患病率排在前十位的依次为:高血压(13.3%);椎间盘疾病(12.7%);慢性胃肠炎及溃疡(10.8%);缺血性心脏病(7.9%);关节炎(7.0%);脑血管病(6.7%);胆囊炎(6.3%);糖尿病(5.2%);慢性阻塞性肺疾病(3.4%);贫血(3.0%)。4.2012年长春市成年居民,现在吸烟的比例为30.6%,饮酒率为29.3%,超重和肥胖率分别为31.3%和14.4%,缺乏体育锻炼的比例为43.4%,饮食习惯不健康的比例为7.5%,饮食不规律的比例为24.9%,食盐摄入过多的比例为36.6%,不吃早餐者的比例为23.0%,新鲜蔬菜摄入不足的比例为12.8%,新鲜水果摄入不足的比例为43.9%,蛋类及豆制品摄入不足的比例为9.4%,奶类及奶制品摄入不足的比例为57.6%。结论:1.长春市成年居民慢性病患病率高于吉林省平均水平。2.系统别慢性病中,循环系统、消化系统以及骨骼肌肉和结缔组织疾病较为流行,疾病别慢性病中,高血压、椎间盘疾病以及慢性胃肠炎及溃疡较为流行。3.长春市成年居民吸烟率、经常饮酒率、超重和肥胖比例、缺乏体育锻炼比例较高,不健康饮食习惯,饮食不规律、食盐摄入过多、不吃早餐、蔬菜水果摄入不足、蛋类及豆制品摄入不足、奶类及奶制品摄入不足等问题较严重;针对目前长春市慢性病的患病情况,应当进一步加强重点人群的健康教育与健康促进工作,定期进行健康体检和疾病筛查,提倡健康的生活方式,并且逐步加强高危人群和慢性病患者的规范化管理工作。
[Abstract]:Objective: To master the disease spectrum of chronic diseases and the distribution of related risk factors in the adult population of Changchun, Jilin Province in 2012, and to provide the scientific basis for formulating the strategy measures for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Changchun and improving the health status of urban and rural residents. Methods: According to the "A survey of adult chronic diseases and its risk factors in Jilin province" database completed by the research group in 2012, all the residents aged 18 to 79 in Changchun were collected, with a total of 5903 people, including the basic information of the demography (age, sex, nationality, degree of education, marital status, monthly income of the family, etc.). Behavioral factors (smoking, drinking, diet, participation in sports activities, etc.), physical examination results (height, body weight, waist circumference, etc.), and major chronic diseases. The data was sorted and analyzed using the SPSS10.0 statistical software. According to the results of the urban population census in Changchun in 2010, with the distribution of sex, age and urban and rural distribution as the stratification factors, the prevalence of chronic diseases was measured by the method of complex weighting, and the comparison of the prevalence of chronic diseases among different groups was based on the Rao-Scottc2 test based on complex sampling. Results:1. The overall prevalence of chronic diseases in the adult population in Changchun was 54.7% in 2012. With the increase of age, the prevalence of chronic diseases has gradually increased. The prevalence of the rural (63.0%) area was higher than that of the town (48.3%), and the prevalence of female residents (60.8%) was higher than that of the male (48.5%). Different marital status (2 = 486.415, P0.001), different occupational types (2 = 310.659, P0.001), different education levels (2 = 377.727, P0.001), monthly income of different families (2 = 287.235, P0.001), different smoking conditions (2 = 36.570, P0.001), different drinking conditions (2 = 60.575, P0.001), different BMI levels (overweight:2 = 20.684, respectively) P 0.001, obesity:2 = 30.488, P 0.001), different physical exercise (2 = 186.405, P0.001) and different dietary habits (diet type:2 = 103.984, P = 0.001) and diet:2 = 17.800, P = 0.001, diet salt light:2 = 18.247, P = 0.001, whether to eat breakfast each day:2 = 84.007, P0.001, whether to eat vegetables frequently:2 = 46.922, P0.001, whether the fruit is often consumed:2 = 75.026, P0.001, whether the eggs and the bean products are frequently used:2 = 13.668, P = 0.009, whether the milk and the milk product are frequently consumed,2 = 181.579, P.001) The prevalence of chronic diseases among the adult residents in Changchun was statistically significant. In 2012, the prevalence of chronic diseases in the self-reporting system of the adult residents in Changchun was the first ten in the order of: circulatory system disease (25.4%), digestive system disease (19.4%). Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (19.2%); urogenital disorders (14.0%); endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disorders (8.1%); respiratory disorders (6.7%); blood and immune system disorders (5.1%); eye and accessory disorders (3.2%); Nervous system diseases (0.7%), mental and behavioral disorders (0.3%).3. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the self-reported disease of the adult population in Changchun in 2012 was: hypertension (13.3%), disc disease (12.7%), chronic gastroenteritis and ulceration (10.8%). Ischemic heart disease (7.9%); arthritis (7.0%); cerebrovascular disease (6.7%); cholecystitis (6.3%); diabetes (5.2%); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.4%); anemia (3.0%). The rates of overweight and obesity were 31.3% and 14.4%, respectively. The proportion of the lack of physical exercise was 43.4%, the proportion of unhealthy diet was 7.5%, the proportion of diet was 24.9%, the proportion of salt intake was 36.6%, and the proportion of non-breakfast people was 23.0%. The proportion of fresh vegetables was 12.8%, the proportion of fresh fruit was 43.9%, the proportion of egg and bean products was 9.4%, and the proportion of milk and dairy products was 57.6%. Conclusion:1. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the adult population of Changchun is higher than that of Jilin province. In that system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, and the musculoskeletal and connective tissue disease are more prevalent in the system than in the chronic condition. the smoking rate, the frequent drinking rate, the overweight and the obesity ratio of the adult residents in Changchun, the lack of the proportion of the physical exercise, the unhealthy diet, the irregular diet, the excessive intake of the table salt, the non-eating of the breakfast, the shortage of the vegetable and fruit, the insufficient intake of the eggs and the bean products, The problem of insufficient intake of milk and milk products is serious; in view of the prevalence of chronic diseases in Changchun, the health education and health promotion work of the key people should be further strengthened, and health examination and disease screening should be carried out on a regular basis, and a healthy lifestyle should be promoted. And the standardized management of high-risk people and patients with chronic diseases is gradually strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R195.4
本文编号：2501999
[Abstract]:Objective: To master the disease spectrum of chronic diseases and the distribution of related risk factors in the adult population of Changchun, Jilin Province in 2012, and to provide the scientific basis for formulating the strategy measures for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Changchun and improving the health status of urban and rural residents. Methods: According to the "A survey of adult chronic diseases and its risk factors in Jilin province" database completed by the research group in 2012, all the residents aged 18 to 79 in Changchun were collected, with a total of 5903 people, including the basic information of the demography (age, sex, nationality, degree of education, marital status, monthly income of the family, etc.). Behavioral factors (smoking, drinking, diet, participation in sports activities, etc.), physical examination results (height, body weight, waist circumference, etc.), and major chronic diseases. The data was sorted and analyzed using the SPSS10.0 statistical software. According to the results of the urban population census in Changchun in 2010, with the distribution of sex, age and urban and rural distribution as the stratification factors, the prevalence of chronic diseases was measured by the method of complex weighting, and the comparison of the prevalence of chronic diseases among different groups was based on the Rao-Scottc2 test based on complex sampling. Results:1. The overall prevalence of chronic diseases in the adult population in Changchun was 54.7% in 2012. With the increase of age, the prevalence of chronic diseases has gradually increased. The prevalence of the rural (63.0%) area was higher than that of the town (48.3%), and the prevalence of female residents (60.8%) was higher than that of the male (48.5%). Different marital status (2 = 486.415, P0.001), different occupational types (2 = 310.659, P0.001), different education levels (2 = 377.727, P0.001), monthly income of different families (2 = 287.235, P0.001), different smoking conditions (2 = 36.570, P0.001), different drinking conditions (2 = 60.575, P0.001), different BMI levels (overweight:2 = 20.684, respectively) P 0.001, obesity:2 = 30.488, P 0.001), different physical exercise (2 = 186.405, P0.001) and different dietary habits (diet type:2 = 103.984, P = 0.001) and diet:2 = 17.800, P = 0.001, diet salt light:2 = 18.247, P = 0.001, whether to eat breakfast each day:2 = 84.007, P0.001, whether to eat vegetables frequently:2 = 46.922, P0.001, whether the fruit is often consumed:2 = 75.026, P0.001, whether the eggs and the bean products are frequently used:2 = 13.668, P = 0.009, whether the milk and the milk product are frequently consumed,2 = 181.579, P.001) The prevalence of chronic diseases among the adult residents in Changchun was statistically significant. In 2012, the prevalence of chronic diseases in the self-reporting system of the adult residents in Changchun was the first ten in the order of: circulatory system disease (25.4%), digestive system disease (19.4%). Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (19.2%); urogenital disorders (14.0%); endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disorders (8.1%); respiratory disorders (6.7%); blood and immune system disorders (5.1%); eye and accessory disorders (3.2%); Nervous system diseases (0.7%), mental and behavioral disorders (0.3%).3. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the self-reported disease of the adult population in Changchun in 2012 was: hypertension (13.3%), disc disease (12.7%), chronic gastroenteritis and ulceration (10.8%). Ischemic heart disease (7.9%); arthritis (7.0%); cerebrovascular disease (6.7%); cholecystitis (6.3%); diabetes (5.2%); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.4%); anemia (3.0%). The rates of overweight and obesity were 31.3% and 14.4%, respectively. The proportion of the lack of physical exercise was 43.4%, the proportion of unhealthy diet was 7.5%, the proportion of diet was 24.9%, the proportion of salt intake was 36.6%, and the proportion of non-breakfast people was 23.0%. The proportion of fresh vegetables was 12.8%, the proportion of fresh fruit was 43.9%, the proportion of egg and bean products was 9.4%, and the proportion of milk and dairy products was 57.6%. Conclusion:1. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the adult population of Changchun is higher than that of Jilin province. In that system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, and the musculoskeletal and connective tissue disease are more prevalent in the system than in the chronic condition. the smoking rate, the frequent drinking rate, the overweight and the obesity ratio of the adult residents in Changchun, the lack of the proportion of the physical exercise, the unhealthy diet, the irregular diet, the excessive intake of the table salt, the non-eating of the breakfast, the shortage of the vegetable and fruit, the insufficient intake of the eggs and the bean products, The problem of insufficient intake of milk and milk products is serious; in view of the prevalence of chronic diseases in Changchun, the health education and health promotion work of the key people should be further strengthened, and health examination and disease screening should be carried out on a regular basis, and a healthy lifestyle should be promoted. And the standardized management of high-risk people and patients with chronic diseases is gradually strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R195.4
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