中国农业生态效率研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 17:29

本文关键词：中国农业生态效率研究　出处：《兰州大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：资源消耗、环境恶化已经成为阻碍经济社会发展的一个重要问题,人们必须要重视经济发展带来的资源环境问题。经济发展实际效率的研究的已经成为热点问题,对于实现可持续发展至关重要。生态效率不但是经济、资源、环境可持续发展的有效度量和管理手段,同时也可以综合反映经济-资源-环境复合系统的协调发展的实际水平。农业作为人类社会赖以发展的“母亲产业”,自古以来,就被当作经济发展、社会安定、国家自立的基础,但是由于生产过程中化肥、农膜等的大量使用,导致农业生产环境不断恶化,对农业生产安全造成了一定的隐患。为了实现可持续发展,农业生态效率研究对于转变区域农业发展方式、制定农业可持续发展政策具有一定的理论和实践意义。本研究根据经济增长理论,选择农业生态效率测度指标,利用2003—2013年的面板数据,运用可以考虑非期望产出的DEA-SBM模型,开展中国农业生态效率研究。首先对中国区域农业生态效率进行综合评价,了解中国区域农业生态效率的现状,并运用空间分析软件,揭示中国农业生态效率的空间分布特征。其次,利用收敛性分析方法,研究中国农业生态效率的区域收敛性,揭示研究期内中国农业生态效率的区域收敛特征。第三,利用面板回归模型分析影响中国区域农业生态效率的主要因素,解释造成中国农业生态效率具有目前空间格局的主要原因。最后,根据研究结论提出我国农业生态效率的提升建议。本研究的具体工作总结如下:(1)通过对已有文献的梳理,确定中国农业生态效率评价的指标体系,运用DEA-SBM模型计算了我国31个省份2003—2013年的农业生态效率,在全国层面、四大区域层面以及省域层面对农业生态效率进行了对比分析;其次利用空间计量软件分析了中国农业生态效率的空间演化特征,最后利用BP滤波分析方法,分析中国农业生态效率的时序变化特征。(2)将新古典经济增长理论中收敛假说的思想和方法应用到区域农业生态效率差异性分析中,利用面板数据模型对我国农业生态效率区域差异的收敛状况进行了实证研究。首先利用新古典收敛假说,研究了我国农业生态效率的绝对收敛、条件收敛和俱乐部收敛情况;其次利用随机收敛方法研究了我国农业生态效率的差距是否长期存在。(3)根据以往的研究,选取农民人均纯收入、农业固定资产投资、种植结构、农民人均耕地、劳动力文化水平、产业结构、城乡收入比、有效灌溉面积、总人口这九项指标,利用面板数据模型对全国以及四大区域的农业生态效率的影响因素进行实证研究,明晰各个影响因素对农业生态效率的影响效应。(4)基于本文的研究结论,提出了提升农业生态效率的政策建议,以此实现农业可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Resource consumption and environmental deterioration have become an important problem that hinders the development of economy and society. People must pay more attention to the resource and environment problems brought by economic development. The research on the practical efficiency of economic development has become a hot issue, which is of great importance to the realization of sustainable development. Ecological efficiency is not only an effective measure and management tool for the sustainable development of economy, resources and environment, but also a comprehensive reflection of the coordinated development of the economic resource environment composite system. Agriculture as the human society development "mother of industry", since ancient times, is regarded as economic development, social stability and the national independence, but due to the extensive use of chemical fertilizer, the agricultural production process, agricultural production lead to deterioration of the environment, caused some problems of agricultural production safety. In order to achieve sustainable development, the research of agricultural eco efficiency has certain theoretical and practical significance for changing regional agricultural development mode and formulating agricultural sustainable development policy. Based on the theory of economic growth, we choose the index of agricultural eco efficiency and use the panel data from 2003 to 2013, and use the DEA-SBM model which can consider the undesirable output to carry out the research of agricultural eco efficiency in China. First, we comprehensively evaluate the regional agricultural eco efficiency in China, understand the current situation of China's regional agricultural eco efficiency, and use spatial analysis software to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of China's agricultural eco efficiency. Secondly, we use convergence analysis to study the regional convergence of agricultural eco efficiency in China, and reveal the regional convergence characteristics of China's agricultural eco efficiency in the study period. Third, we use panel regression model to analyze the main factors that influence the efficiency of agricultural eco efficiency in China, and explain the main reason for the current spatial pattern of China's agricultural eco efficiency. Finally, based on the conclusions of the study, suggestions for improving agricultural ecological efficiency in China are proposed. The specific work are summarized as follows: (1) based on the literature review, determine the evaluation index system of agricultural eco efficiency China, agricultural ecological efficiency calculation of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2013 by using the DEA-SBM model, at the national level, four regional level and provincial level in agricultural eco efficiency the comparative analysis; followed by analysis of the agricultural eco efficiency Chinese spatial evolution characteristics using spatial econometric software, finally using the BP filter analysis method, analysis the temporal variation characteristics of agricultural eco efficiency Chinese. (2) apply the idea and method of convergence hypothesis in the new classical economic growth theory to the analysis of regional agricultural eco efficiency difference, and use panel data model to make an empirical research on the convergence of agricultural eco efficiency in China. First, we use the new classical convergence hypothesis to study the absolute convergence, conditional convergence and club convergence of agricultural eco efficiency in China. Secondly, we use random convergence method to study whether the gap of agricultural eco efficiency in China exists for a long time. (3) according to previous studies, select the per capita net income of farmers, agricultural planting structure, fixed assets investment, farmers per capita arable land, labor and cultural level, industrial structure, urban and rural income ratio, the nine indexes of effective irrigation area, the total population, makes an empirical study on the influence factors of agricultural eco efficiency using the panel data model and the whole country four the large region, the impact of various factors effect clear influence on agricultural ecological efficiency. (4) based on the conclusions of this paper, the policy suggestions for improving the agricultural ecological efficiency are put forward to realize the sustainable development of agriculture.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S181

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