思茅松人工林细根动态和碳储量研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 22:04

  本文关键词：思茅松人工林细根动态和碳储量研究　出处：《中国林业科学研究院》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 思茅松人工林 细根 生物量 碳储量 土壤有机碳储量

【摘要】：思茅松(Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis)是云南省重要的材脂兼用树种和高储量碳汇林造林树种,开展思茅松人工林细根动态和碳储量的研究可以为云南省人工林土壤碳库的精确估算提供基础数据。细根在森林生态系统和循环中具有重要作用,因此有必要开展对思茅松人工林细根生物量和碳储量、分解等方面的研究。本文以云南省普洱市思茅区和景谷县的思茅松天然林和不同林龄、不同造林密度思茅松人工林为研究对象,开展了细根生物量和碳储量、细根的分解、生物量的分配格局和相对生长方程以及思茅松土壤碳储量和施肥对幼树生长的影响等的研究,主要研究结果如下:(1)在0-30cm土层中,思茅松细根生物量最高的是15年生思茅松人工林,为14.44±3.55 t.hm-2,最低的是天然林,为6.78±0.71 t.hm-2;随着林龄的增加其他杂细根生物量增加,天然林中其他杂细根生物量显著高于思茅松人工林中其他杂细根生物量。细根生物量具有明显的垂直分布特点,随着土层深度加深,细根生物量减小。思茅松人工林和天然林中活细根生物量显著高于死细根生物量。随着造林密度的减小,思茅松细根生物量减少,当造林密度达到2m×2m时思茅松细根生物量又开始增加;造林密度和其他杂细根生物量之间呈极显著负相关关系,林龄和思茅松细根总生物量之间呈极显著负相关关系,与思茅松活细根生物量和死细根生物量之间呈显著负相关关系。(2)在0-30cm土层中,30年思茅松人工林和天然林细根碳含量显著高于其他林龄思茅松人工林,随着林龄增加细根碳含量呈增加的变化趋势;思茅松天然林和30年林龄思茅松人工林细根碳储量最小,随着土层厚度的加深思茅松细根碳储量减少;0-20cm土层中细根碳储量的贡献率超过70%。(3)细根和针叶分解干重残留率最小的是天然林;不同密度思茅松人工林中细根和针叶干重残留率最小的是密度2m×3m;思茅松细根分解系数的变化范围为0.1125-0.2248,针叶分解系数的变化范围为0.0538-0.1051。细根和针叶的分解在最初两个月和9月前后分解相对较快。(4)思茅松的粗根、大根、中根和小根的根长和比根长随径级增加而增大,细根的比根长降低;中根、小根和细根在根生物量中所占的比例随径级增大先减小后增加,粗根和大根先增加后减小。同一径级中,细根的比根长远高于其它根系类型;思茅松各器官生物量分配大小比例为:干枝根叶果,树干生物量均占全株生物量50%以上,各器官生物量随着径级的增大而增加,地上生物量和地下生物量之间呈显著正相关。思茅松单株地上部分生物量范围在2.23~324.95kg之间,根生物量的范围在0.52-41.80kg之间,根颈、主根和侧根的生物量随径级增加而增加,根颈/主根、根颈/总根、侧根/主根与胸径和树高呈显著正相关,主根/总根与胸径和树高呈显著负相关。思茅松中幼龄、近熟林和过熟林乔木碳储量分别为47.52±2.27 t·hm-2、116.88±9.19 t·hm-2和242.71±17.20t·hm-2,随着林龄的增加乔木碳储量增加,且不同林龄乔木碳储量之间差异显著。(5)思茅松人工林中龄林中,SOC含量、全氮和C:N随着土层加深而减少,容重随着土层加深而增加。不同的坡向和坡度显著影响SOC储量大小,阳坡的SOC储量要显著高于阴坡,坡度为20-30°的SOC储量要显著低于10-20°和0-10°,坡位对思茅松中龄林的SOC储量大小无显著影响。在0-100cm土层中,随着土层深度的增加,不同立地条件的思茅松人工林中龄林的SOC储量呈减小的趋势,不同坡向、坡位和坡度0-20cm土层SOC储量都显著高于其它土层。坡向和坡度显著影响0-20cm土层的SOC储量(P0.05);坡位对各层SOC储量均无显著影响(P0.05)。0-20cm土层中SOC储量和容重呈极显著负相关,和坡向、坡度呈显著负相关关系;除20-40cm土层外,其他土层的SOC储量与全氮之间呈极显著正相关;SOC储量和坡位与C:N在任一土层均无显著相关关系。(6)不同养分补给对思茅松幼树的基径、株高、总生物量和分枝数以及各器官生物量分配均无显著影响。不同养分补给中,干和枝的碳含量最高,根的碳含量最低;针叶中的氮、磷含量和N:P在所有器官中均为最高;不同处理根中C:N含量最大,其次为枝和干,针叶的最小,根中的N:P最小。
[Abstract]:Simao pine (Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis) is an important material of forestation tree species and tree species in Yunnan province and high fat reserves to carry out research on carbon sequestration, Simao pine plantation root dynamic and carbon storage can provide basic data for accurate estimation of soil carbon pool in Yunnan province plantations. Fine root plays an important role in forest ecosystem and circulation therefore, it is necessary to carry out the forest of Simao pine root biomass and carbon storage, decomposition and other aspects of the research. This paper takes Yunnan Pu'er City Simao district and Simao Jinggu County pine natural forest and different ages, different planting density of Simao pine plantation as the research object, carry out the fine root biomass and carbon storage, fine root decomposition of biomass allocation pattern and relative growth equation and the Simao research on the sapling growth effect of soil carbon storage and fertilization of pine, the main results are as follows: (1) 0-30cm in soil In Simao, the pine root biomass was highest in pine plantations in Simao for 15 years, 14.44 + 3.55 t.hm-2, the lowest is the natural forest, 6.78 + 0.71 t.hm-2; with the increase in age of other kinds of fine root biomass increased, natural forest in other miscellaneous fine root biomass was significantly higher than that of Simao pine plantation in the other miscellaneous fine root biomass. The vertical distribution of fine root biomass has obvious characteristics, with the increasing of soil depth, root biomass decreased. The amount of live fine root biomass of Simao pine plantation and natural forest were significantly higher than that of dead fine root biomass. With the decrease of planting density, Simao pine root biomass decreased when the planting density was 2m * 2m when Simao pine root biomass began to increase; between planting density and other miscellaneous fine root biomass had a significant negative correlation between age and Simao pine between the total fine root biomass was negatively related, and the Simao fine living A significant negative correlation between root biomass and necromass. (2) in the 0-30cm soil layer, and natural forest fine root carbon content of 30 years of Simao pine plantation was significantly higher than that in other age Simao pine plantation, with the age increase of root carbon content showed the increasing trend; Simao pine natural forest and 30 years of age Simao pine plantation root carbon storage is the smallest, with the deepening of soil thickness of Simao pine root carbon storage decreased; fine root carbon storage in 0-20cm layer, the contribution rate of more than 70%. (3) and the dry weight of root needle decomposition residual rate is the smallest natural forest; different density of Simao pine heavy residue rate is the lowest density of 2m * 3M root dry and coniferous plantations; changes in the scope of Simao pine root decomposition coefficient is 0.1125-0.2248, the variation range of the decomposition coefficients for 0.0538-0.1051. decomposition of coniferous fine roots and needles in the first two months before and after September and divided relatively Fast. (4) coarse roots, Simao pine root, root diameter and root root length and specific root length increases, the specific root length of the roots decreased; in root, root and root for root biomass in proportion with the increase of the diameter class decreased first and then increased, coarse root and root first after the increase was reduced. The same level, fine root long-term than other root types; Simao pine biomass distribution ratio of root and leaf size: stock fruit, stem biomass accounted for more than 50% of whole plant biomass, biomass of each organ increased with increasing diameter, there was a significant positive correlation between the aboveground biomass and underground biomass. Simao pine plant aboveground biomass in the range of 2.23~324.95kg, the range of root biomass between 0.52-41.80kg, root biomass, taproot and lateral root increased with the increase of diameter, root / root, root / root, lateral root and root / DBH and the tree height A significant positive correlation with total root / root diameter and tree height was negatively correlated. Simao pine sapling, nearly mature forest and over mature forest carbon reserves were 47.52 + 2.27 t hm-2116.88 + 9.19 T + 17.20t 242.71 hm-2 and hm-2, with the increase of the forest age tree carbon stocks increased, the difference and not the same age of tree carbon reserves significantly. (5) SOC in the forest of Simao pine forest, Zhongling, total nitrogen and C:N decreased with the increase of soil depth, soil bulk density increased with soil depth. Different slope and slope significantly influence on SOC SOC reserves, reserves should be significantly higher than that of shady slope, slope 20-30 degree SOC reserves was significantly lower than 10-20 DEG and 0-10 DEG, slope position on Si Maosong middle age forest reserves the size of SOC had no significant effect. In the 0-100cm soil layer, with the increase of soil depth, different site conditions of Simao pine plantation forest reserves is Zhongling SOC decreases, Different slope, slope position and slope soil 0-20cm SOC reserves are significantly higher than other soil. Slope and slope significantly affected soil SOC 0-20cm reserves (P0.05); slope position had no significant effect on each layer of SOC reserves (P0.05) showed a significant negative correlation with SOC reserves and density in the.0-20cm soil layer, and slope. There was a significant negative correlation between soil slope; in addition to 20-40cm, SOC and other soil nitrogen reserves were positively correlated; SOC reserves and slope position and C:N have no significant correlation in either soil. (6) different nutrient supply of Simao pine seedling basal diameter, plant height, have no significant effect on the total the biomass and the number of branches and biomass distribution. Different nutrient supply in the stem and branches of the highest carbon content, the carbon content in the root is the lowest; needles of nitrogen, phosphorus and N:P in all organs were the highest; C:N content of different treatments in the root of the largest, followed by branch and stem, leaf The smallest N:P is the smallest in the root.

【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S791.24
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本文编号：1385013