中国亚热带三种森林植物谱系地理学

发布时间：2018-02-27 19:55

本文关键词： 谱系地理学中国亚热带青钱柳大血藤血水草　出处：《江西农业大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国亚热带是全球生物多样性热点地区之一,该地区植物谱系格局一直以来都是植物学家们关注的内容。本研究基于全分布区采样和不同遗传标记,系统研究了不同地质和气候变化事件对中国亚热带三种森林植物青钱柳、大血藤和血水草遗传多样性和谱系地理格局的影响。主要研究结果如下:1)青钱柳研究结果显示,该物种现有叶绿体单倍型共祖时间追溯至第三纪,即16.69 Ma(95%HPD 8.42 27.86 Ma),是迄今为止中国亚热带单个物种谱系分化最古老的植物,与中新世全球气候变冷和亚洲季风首次加强时间吻合。其后又出现两次种内分化高峰,分别发生在9.6 Ma和3.6 Ma,与两次亚洲季风加强事件吻合(10 8Ma和3.6 2.6 Ma)。更新世以来,青钱柳至少经历了两次种群扩张,即从1.0 Ma开始的扩张事件和60 Ka的快速扩张。青钱柳遗传分布格局正好符合中国亚热带多个避难所模型和种群扩张模型。2)大血藤第四纪发生了两次强烈的种群扩张事件,一次是在85.98 Ka,与倒数第二个间冰期时间吻合,另一次是在中更新世。而且,根据大血藤叶绿体单倍型的分布格局首次推测了中国亚热带三条植物迁移路线,该结果说明第四纪气候变化对某些亚热带植物分布区影响极为显著,存在典型的冰期收缩—间冰期扩张现象。3)血水草结果显示,第四纪降雨量的变化对其遗传多样性和遗传结构有较大的影响。中国亚热带武夷山脉、罗霄山脉、南岭以及云贵高原东侧,无论是第四纪冰期还是现在,降雨量一直能满足血水草的生长,所以血水草主要分布区并没有长时间隔离,其遗传分化不明显。而西部山地(云贵高原西侧,武陵山和大巴山),末次盛冰期比现在干旱的多,血水草可能难以生存。全新世暖期西边降雨量增加,血水草由东部群体回迁至西部山地。
[Abstract]:The subtropical region of China is one of the global biodiversity hotspots, and the phytogenealogy pattern in this region has always been concerned by botanists. The effects of different geological and climate change events on genetic diversity and phylogenetic pattern of three forest plants in subtropical China were systematically studied. The existing chloroplast haplotypes of this species date back to the Tertiary, I. e. 16.69 Ma(95%HPD 8.42 ~ 27.86 Mai, which is the oldest single species lineage differentiation in subtropical China. It coincided with the time of global climate cooling in Miocene and the first strengthening of the Asian monsoon. Two peaks of intraspecific differentiation occurred at 9.6 Ma and 3.6 Ma, respectively, and coincided with the two Asian monsoon strengthening events at 10 ~ 8 Ma and 3.6 ~ 2.6 Ma. Since the Pleistocene, there have been two peaks of intraspecific differentiation since the Pleistocene. Willow has experienced at least two population expansions. The genetic distribution pattern of Cyclocygium chinensis coincided with several subtropical shelter models and population expansion model. 2) there were two strong population expansion events in Quaternary of Dioscorea mongolicus, which began at 1.0 Ma and expanded rapidly at 60 Ka. The first time was at 85.98 Ka, which coincided with the penultimate interglacial period, and the other was in the Middle Pleistocene. Moreover, according to the distribution pattern of chloroplast haplotypes of Aegilops, three migration routes of subtropical plants in China were first inferred. The results show that the Quaternary climate change has a significant effect on the distribution of some subtropical plants, and there is a typical glacial contraction-interglacial expansion phenomenon. The variation of precipitation in the Quaternary has great influence on its genetic diversity and genetic structure. The subtropical Wuyi Mountains, Luoxiao Mountains, Nanling Mountains and the east side of Yungui Plateau, both during the Quaternary glacial period and now, The rainfall has been able to satisfy the growth of the blood water grass, so the main distribution area of the blood water grass has not been isolated for a long time and its genetic differentiation is not obvious. However, in the western mountainous region (west side of the Yungui Plateau, Wuling Mountain and Daba Mountain), the last ice age was much more arid than it is now. The western part of the Holocene warm period received more rainfall, and the blood water grass moved back from the eastern population to the western mountain area.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S718.3

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