外源钙缓解弱光影响番茄叶片类囊体膜蛋白及叶绿素代谢的机制研究
发布时间:2018-03-21 09:50
本文选题:番茄 切入点:弱光 出处:《沈阳农业大学》2017年博士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:我国设施蔬菜以冬半年生产为多,而北方冬半年有较长的弱光期,影响蔬菜生长发育,特别是近年来雾霾天气增多,更增加了弱光程度及持续天数,严重降低了蔬菜作物的光合能力,制约了设施蔬菜的高效生产。因此,研究弱光影响设施蔬菜光合作用的调控及其机理,对于生产上调控蔬菜弱光生育障碍,保证弱光期设施蔬菜高产优质栽培具有重要的意义。本文在本团队前期研究的基础上,以番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)'W'品系为试材,研究了外源钙缓解弱光对番茄叶片类囊体膜蛋白和叶绿素代谢基因的影响及其机理,为应用钙素制剂调节设施番茄弱光逆境障碍提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:1.明确了外源钙显著缓解弱光导致番茄叶片光合系统活性的降低。研究表明,弱光显著降低了番茄叶片的净光合速率Pn、PSⅡ最大量子产量Y(Ⅱ)及电子传递速率ETR(Ⅱ)、PSⅠ最大光化学效率Pm、PSⅠ最大量子产量Y(Ⅰ)、PSⅡ到PSⅠ中间体的电子和能量传递;而显著增加PSⅡ非光化学效率[Y(NPQ)]、PSⅡ光化学效率[Y(NO)]、激发压以及PSⅠ供体侧量子效率[Y(ND)]。这表明弱光降低PSⅡ和PSⅠ的光化学效率,导致光系统QA-QB和PSⅠ-Fd抑制。外源钙则显著增加Pn、Y(Ⅱ)、ETR(Ⅱ)与Y(Ⅰ),降低了激发压及能量耗散,表明外源钙减轻弱光对光合系统的抑制,显著提高了光合效率。2.明确了外源钙调控弱光下番茄叶片类囊体膜光合作用相关蛋白的种类及功能。利用蓝绿温和电泳(BN-PAGE)及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对弱光及钙处理的番茄叶片类囊体膜蛋白复合体及亚基进行分离鉴定。结果表明,弱光引起番茄叶片28个类囊体膜蛋白亚基显著差异表达,包括PSⅡ和PSⅠ反应中心、细胞色素、ATP亚基等17种蛋白质。其中响应弱光逆境、且受钙调控的蛋白亚基为Cab1D(8)、Cab1B(9)、PsaD(19,20,2,3)、PsaC(21)、PsbE(23)、PsbD(27)。进一步研究表明,17个类囊体蛋白参与4种番茄生理生化反应途径,代谢途径(16个蛋白,94.1%)、光合作用途径(13个蛋白,76.5%)、氧化磷酸化途径(4个蛋白,82.4%)和光合天线蛋白(2个,11.8%)。参与光合作用的蛋白包括PsbB、PsbC、PsbD、PsbE、PsaA、PsaC、PsaD、PsaL、PetA、ATP-α、ATP-β和ATP-γ。通过对17个类囊体蛋白互作进行分析,发现在最终PPⅠ网络中一共有16个节点,55条连线,可预测网络中未表征蛋白的功能。3.明确了外源钙调控叶绿素合成和分解代谢途径中关键酶基因的表达。结果表明,弱光处理条件下,游离钙离子浓度显著降低,钙离子受体基因CAM及CDPK表达显著降低,叶绿素合成代谢基因HEMs,CLHs,PORs表达显著降低,分解代谢基因CLH1与PPH、PAO表达显著增加;而钙处理显著增加游离钙离子浓度、钙调蛋白以及叶绿素合成代谢基因的表达水平,降低了降解代谢基因的表达。以上分析表明,钙信号传导增强了弱光下番茄叶绿素合成代谢基因的表达,促进番茄叶片叶绿素的合成,而降低了叶绿素的降解。
[Abstract]:In our country, more vegetables are produced in winter and half a year in winter, while in northern winter, there is a long period of low light, which affects the growth and development of vegetables, especially the increase of haze weather in recent years, and the increase of the degree of low light and the days of duration. The photosynthesis ability of vegetable crops is seriously reduced, and the efficient production of protected vegetables is restricted. Therefore, the study on the regulation and mechanism of photosynthesis of greenhouse vegetables under low light condition is aimed at regulating the low light growth barrier of vegetables in production. It is of great significance to guarantee the high yield and high quality cultivation of protected vegetables in low light period. Based on the previous study of our team, the strain of Lycopersicon esculentum Milli W' was used as the material. The effects and mechanism of exogenous calcium on thylakoid membrane protein and chlorophyll metabolism genes in tomato leaves were studied. The main results are as follows: 1. The main results are as follows: 1. It is clear that exogenous calcium significantly alleviates the decrease of photosynthetic system activity in tomato leaves caused by weak light. The net photosynthetic rate (PN PS 鈪,
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