桃江毛竹林生态系统生物量及碳储量研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 11:24

本文选题：毛竹林 + 生物量　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：毛竹(Phyllostachy pubescens)是我国南方重要的森林资源我国现有毛竹林总面积300万hm2以上,约占全世界竹林面积的20%,并且近年来种植面积有不断扩大的大趋势。它不仅在我国竹产业发展中占有重要的地位,而且在固碳增汇中起着更为重要的作用。然而,由于不同地区毛竹林的林分、经营管理、地带性差异对正确估算毛竹林生态系统碳储量存在很大的影响,特别是竹龄对毛竹林生态系统碳储量的影响较大。因此,本研究以湖南桃江县不同年龄毛竹人工林为研究对象,探讨了不同年龄毛竹林生态系统生物量、碳储量及其变化趋势。主要研究结果为:(1)研究区3个不同年龄毛竹林土壤(0-60cm)类型为山地黄壤,土壤pH 4.41-4.54之间,属酸性土壤,平均密度为1.117-1.163 g·cm-3,平均含水率为48.97%-65.91%,有机质平均含量为38.96-46.51 g·kg-1,全氮和全钾平均含量分别为 1.19-1.53 g·kg-1 和3.31-4.98 g·kg-1,全磷含量为0.35-0.52 g·kg-1,处于低水平。(2)不同年龄毛竹林生态系统中,1年生毛竹单株生物量为16.204 kg,3年生为19.258 kg,5年生为23.202 kg。且生物量分配中以竹竿最高,其生物量可占毛竹单株总生物量的63.37%-68.69%。表明竹竿是毛竹生物量形成的主要器官。乔木层(竹林层),1年、3年、5年生毛竹林分生物量分别为20.254 t·hm-2、25.036 t·hm-2和55.685 t·hm-2,林下灌木层总生物量分别为 1739.520 kg·hm2、1874.285 kg·hm-2和230.243 kg·hm-2,以3年生竹林最高;林下草本层总生物量分别为2784.386 kg·hm-2、1917.472 kg·hm-2和59.042 kg·hm2,各年龄竹林林下草本植物均以多年生草本植物为主;林地死地被物层生物量分别为1371.107kg·hm-2、822.339 kg·hm-2和1731.242 kg·hm2,且生物量大小在不同分解阶段均表现出未分解层半分解层已分解层。(3)乔木层(竹林层)不同年龄竹林各器官碳素平均含量在389.334-534.051 g·kg-1之间,且器官不同,碳含量不同,但各龄级器官碳含量差异不显著(P0.05),并随着毛竹年龄的增长,其器官碳含量无明显的变化规律;林下灌木层植物碳含量在406.963-539.916 g·kg-1 之间,草本层植物碳含量在397.916-549.745 g·kg-1之间;死地被物层碳含量在213.302-275.569 g·kg-1之间波动;土壤层碳含量在22.597-26.980 g·kg-1之间,有机碳含量以表层土含量最高,随土壤深度的增加,土壤有机碳含量逐渐减小。(4)1年、3年、5年生毛竹林生态系统中,乔木层碳储量分别为10.490 t·hm2、11.802 t·hm2和28.226 t·hm2,随年龄增加碳储量不断增大,且碳储量在年龄结构间存在显著差异(P0.05),碳储量在各器官中的分配以竹竿最多,须根最少;灌木层碳储量中,1年生、3年生和5年生竹林分别为854.449 kg·hm2、871.451 kg·hm-2和160.867 kg·hm-2;草本层碳储量分别为 1288.200 kg·hm-2、882.914 kg·hm-2和31.999 kg·hm-2,且灌木层和草本层碳储量在物种分配上均存在不均匀的现象;死地被物层碳储量在0.307-0.420 t·hm-2,随竹龄增加而增加,各年龄竹林内死地被物层碳储量在不同分解阶段均表现为未分解层半分解层已分解层;土壤层碳储量在117.339-138.978 t·hm2之间,呈现逐年增大的趋势。(5)不同年龄毛竹林生态系统碳储量空间分布特征为:1年生毛竹林植被层碳储量占系统总碳储量的9.70%;死地被物层占0.24%;土壤层占90.06%;3年生毛竹林植被层碳储量占系统总碳储量的9.76%;死地被物层占0.27%;土壤层占89.97%;5年生毛竹林植被层碳储量占系统总碳储量的16.93%;死地被物层占0.25%;土壤层占82.82%;不同年龄毛竹林生态系统碳库分布格局为:土壤层植被层死地被物层。
[Abstract]:Bamboo (Phyllostachy pubescens) is an important forest resources in southern China existing in China Mao Zhulin total area of more than 3 million Hm2, accounting for about 20% of the world's bamboo forest area, and planting area in recent years has enlarged continuously. It not only occupies an important position in the development of China's Bamboo Industry, and increase carbon sequestration the exchange plays a more important role. However, due to different areas of bamboo forest management, regional differences have much effect on the correct estimation of ecosystem carbon reserves, especially the effect of age on ecosystem carbon storage of bamboo greatly. Therefore, the research on Hunan Taojiang county the age of bamboo plantation as the research object, discusses the different biological age Mao bamboo forest ecosystem, carbon storage and its change trend. The main results were as follows: (1) 3 different age Mao Zhulin soil (0-60cm) class Type of mountain yellow soil pH, 4.41-4.54, acidic soil, the average density of 1.117-1.163 g cm-3, the average moisture content is 48.97%-65.91%, the average content of organic matter was 38.96-46.51 G - kg-1, the average content of total nitrogen and total potassium were 1.19-1.53 g kg-1 and 3.31-4.98 g kg-1 0.35-0.52 g, the total phosphorus content of kg-1 and at a low level. (2) of different age moso bamboo forest ecosystem, 1 year old bamboo biomass per plant was 16.204 kg, 3 years old was 19.258 kg, 5 years old is 23.202 kg. and biomass allocation to the highest biomass of bamboo, bamboo can be accounted for single plant biomass showed that bamboo 63.37%-68.69%. is the main organ of bamboo biomass formation. The tree layer (layer of bamboo), 1 years, 3 years, biomass was 20.254 T - hm-2,25.036 T - hm-2 and 55.685 t hm-2 5 years old bamboo forest, the total biomass of shrub layer was 1739.520 kg - hm21874.285 kg - HM respectively. -2 and 230.243 kg hm-2, with 3 year old bamboo forest is highest; the total biomass of understory herbaceous layer is 2784.386 kg - hm-21917.472 kg - hm-2 and 59.042 kg hm2 respectively, the age of the bamboo forest herbaceous plants were dominated by perennial herb; forest litter layer biomass was 1371.107kg - hm-2822.339 kg - hm-2 and 1731.242 kg hm2 respectively, and the size of biomass at different decomposition stages showed no decomposition layers of semi decomposed layer decomposed layer. (3) the tree layer (Zhu Linceng) the average content of various organs in different age of bamboo carbon between 389.334-534.051 g and kg-1, and different organs, different carbon content, but there was no significant difference in carbon the content of each age class (P0.05), and organ with bamboo age, the organ carbon content had no obvious change law; shrub plant carbon content between 406.963-539.916 g and kg-1, herbaceous plants in the 397.916-549.745 G K carbon content G-1; death is carbon content fluctuation layer between 213.302-275.569 g and kg-1; soil carbon content between 22.597-26.980 g and kg-1, the content of organic carbon in surface soil was the highest, with the increase of soil depth, soil organic carbon content decreased gradually. (4) 1 years, 3 years, 5 year old Mao Zhulin ecological in the system, the carbon storage of tree layer was 10.490 T - hm2,11.802 T - hm2 and T - 28.226 Hm2, carbon storage increased with the increase of age, and carbon storage have significant differences in age structure between (P0.05), carbon allocation in different organs in most bamboo, the root was the lowest; carbon storage in shrub layer, 1 years old, 3 years old and 5 years old bamboo forest were 854.449 kg - hm2871.451 kg - hm-2 and 160.867 kg hm-2; the herb layer carbon storage were 1288.200 kg - hm-2882.914 kg - hm-2 and 31.999 kg hm-2, and the shrub layer and herb layer carbon storage in species distribution are The phenomenon of uneven; dead litter carbon storage in 0.307-0.420 T and hm-2, and increased with the increase of bamboo age, the age of bamboo litter carbon storage layer in different decomposition stages showed non decomposed layer of semi decomposed layer decomposed layer; the carbon storage of soil layer between the 117.339-138.978 t Hm2, has been the trend of increasing. (5) different age Mao bamboo forest ecosystem carbon storage space distribution: layer of carbon reserves accounted for 9.70% of the total carbon storage system of 1 year old bamboo forest vegetation; litter layer accounted for 0.24%; soil layer accounted for 90.06%; layer of carbon storage accounted for 9.76% of the total carbon storage system 3 years of Mao forest vegetation; litter layer and soil layer accounted for 0.27%; 89.97%; Mao Zhulin vegetation carbon storage accounted for 16.93% of the total carbon storage system for 5 years; dead litter accounted for 0.25%; the soil layer accounted for 82.82%; different age moso bamboo forest ecosystem carbon pool distribution pattern for vegetation soil layer. Cover.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S795.7

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