宁夏3个区域苜蓿品种生产力与品质对刈割制度的响应

发布时间：2018-06-06 13:12

本文选题：紫花苜蓿 + 秋眠级　；参考：《中国农业科学院》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：从2013-2015年,在宁夏3个区域以13个不同秋眠级的紫花苜蓿品种作为供试材料。从苜蓿品种的生产性能、营养品质、抗寒性和越冬率等多个方面研究不同秋眠级苜蓿品种对不同刈割处理的响应,研究结果如下:1.不同刈割体制(刈割频度)下,同一苜蓿品种在同一区域的再生速度无显著差异,而再生强度、株高、单株干重存在显著差异,干草产量和营养品质存在极显著差异,表明新建刈割制度优于传统刈割制度。2.相同刈割体制下,(1)同一苜蓿品种在不同区域的产量因子和营养指标差异极显著,吴忠盐池彭阳。说明同一苜蓿品种在引黄灌区(吴忠)的生产性能优于扬黄灌区(盐池),更优于雨养农业区(彭阳);扬黄灌区苜蓿品种的生产性能优于雨养农业区,在雨养农业区的表现最差。(2)不同秋眠级苜蓿品种在同一区域的再生强度、株高、单株干重和干草产量存在显著差异,但其干鲜比、茎叶比、粗蛋白、NDF、ADF和RFV等营养指标均无显著差异。表明在同一区域苜蓿品种的品质与其秋眠等级没有相关性。但,品种的选择会极大地影响其产量因子和草产量。3.相同秋季刈割处理下,(1)同一苜蓿品种在宁夏不同区域的株高、茎粗、分枝数、单株鲜重和干草产量均存在极显著差异(P0.01),三地排序是吴忠盐池彭阳,且随着秋眠级的增加各项产量因子在三地的差异逐渐加大,其中株高吴忠比盐池由1.10倍增至1.46倍,比彭阳由1.30倍增至1.87倍;单株鲜重吴忠比盐池由1.07倍增至1.85倍,比彭阳由1.40倍增至2.86倍;干草产量吴忠比盐池由1.12倍增至1.67倍,比彭阳由1.32倍增至2.11倍。(2)不同秋眠级苜蓿品种在同一区域的产量因子存在显著差异,在吴忠的趋势为WL363WL354≥WL343WL440WL319WL168,表明随秋眠级的增加苜蓿品种的生产性能越大(WL440除外)。在盐池的趋势为W L343≥WL354WL319WL363WL440WL168,显示秋眠级为3级和4级的苜蓿品种适宜在扬黄灌区种植。在彭阳的趋势为WL319WL168WL354≥WL343WL363WL440,显示秋眠级为2级和3级的苜蓿品种适宜在雨养农业区种植。4.不同秋季刈割处理下,同一区域同一苜蓿品种的生产性能存在显著差异,在吴忠表现为秋季刈割时间越晚越好。在盐池表现为中秋时节刈割最后一次为宜。在彭阳表现为9月初进行最后一次刈割。5.在宁夏3个区域,苜蓿越冬率与其根部干物质、棉籽糖、精氨酸和氨基酸总量呈极显著正相关(相关系数在0.87-0.96之间);与蔗糖、可溶性糖、精氨酸、可溶性蛋白和全氮呈显著正相关(相关系数在0.75-0.83之间)。但,苜蓿越冬率与淀粉含量呈极显著负相关,三地相关系数分别为-0.93、-0.88和-0.86。另外,苜蓿越冬率与其根部水苏糖和天冬氨酸的含量不存在显著相关。6.研究显示,宁夏引黄灌区相同刈割制度,不同土壤类型和质地的两个地区,种植同一紫花苜蓿品种其株高、分枝数、茎叶比、干鲜比、粗蛋白、NDF、ADF等产量因子和营养因子均存在显著差异,干草产量存在极显著差异。表明在灌淤土和壤土中种植紫花苜蓿的经济效益更高。
[Abstract]:From 2013-2015 years, 13 alfalfa varieties with different fall dormancy grade were used as the test materials in 3 regions of Ningxia. The response of different fall dormant alfalfa varieties to different mowing treatments was studied from various aspects of the production performance, nutritional quality, cold resistance and Overwintering Rate of alfalfa varieties. The results were as follows: 1. different mowing systems (mowing frequency), There was no significant difference in the rate of regeneration of the same alfalfa variety in the same area, but there was significant difference in regeneration intensity, plant height and single plant dry weight. There were significant differences in hay yield and nutritional quality. It showed that the new cutting system was better than the traditional cutting system.2. the same cutting system, (1) the yield factors and battalions of the same alfalfa variety in different regions. The difference of the breeding indexes was very significant, Wu Zhong Yanchi Pengyang. It showed that the production performance of the same alfalfa variety in the Yellow River irrigated area (Wu Zhong) was better than the yellowish irrigation area (salt pond), better than the rain fed agricultural region (Pengyang); the production performance of the alfalfa varieties in the yellowish irrigated area was superior to the rain fed agricultural area, and the worst in the rainfed agricultural area. (2) the different autumn dormant alfalfa varieties were in the same way. There were significant differences in regeneration intensity, plant height, plant dry weight and hay yield, but there was no significant difference in dry fresh ratio, stem leaf ratio, crude protein, NDF, ADF and RFV, indicating that the quality of Alfalfa Varieties in the same region had no correlation with their fall dormancy grade. Under the same autumn cutting treatment, (1) the plant height of the same alfalfa varieties in different regions of Ningxia, the stem diameter, the number of branches, the fresh weight of the single plant and the yield of hay were significantly different (P0.01). The three place was the Wu Zhong salt pond, and the difference of the yield factors in the three areas increased with the increase of the autumn dormancy grade, of which, the plant height Wu Zhong was more than the salt pond. It multiplied from 1.10 to 1.87 times from 1.30 to 1.46 times from 1.30 to Pengyang, and the single plant fresh weight Wuzhong was multiplied from 1.07 to 1.85 times, more than 2.86 times from 1.40 to Pengyang, and hay yield was doubled from 1.12 to 1.67 times, and from 1.32 to 2.11 times from Pengyang. (2) the yield factors of different autumn dormant alfalfa varieties were significant in the same area. The difference in Wu Zhong's trend is WL363WL354 > WL343WL440WL319WL168, indicating that the increase of Alfalfa Varieties with autumn dormancy is greater (except WL440). The trend of the salt pool is W L343 > WL354WL319WL363WL440WL168, which shows that the alfalfa varieties of 3 and 4 stages are suitable for planting in the yellowish irrigated area. The trend in Pengyang is WL319WL168WL35 4 or more WL343WL363WL440, it showed that the alfalfa varieties with grade 2 and 3 were suitable for planting.4. in the rainfed agricultural area, and there were significant differences in the production performance of the same alfalfa variety in the same region. In Wu Zhong, the later the better the harvest time was, the last time to mowing in the salt pond was the Mid Autumn Festival. The positive correlation of the Overwintering Rate of Alfalfa in 3 regions of Ningxia in the 3 regions of Ningxia at the beginning of the September was significant positive correlation with the root dry matter, the amount of cottonseed sugar, arginine and amino acids (the correlation coefficient was between 0.87-0.96), and was significantly correlated with sucrose, soluble sugar, arginine, soluble protein and total nitrogen (the correlation coefficient was in 0.75-0.83. However, the Overwintering Rate of Alfalfa had a very significant negative correlation with the starch content, and the three correlation coefficients were -0.93, -0.88 and -0.86., and there was no significant correlation between the Overwintering Rate of alfalfa and the content of the roots of stachyose and aspartic acid, which showed that the same mowing system, two regions of different soil types and textures in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area were planted. The plant height, branch number, stem leaf ratio, dry and fresh ratio, crude protein, NDF, ADF and other yield factors and nutrient factors of the same alfalfa varieties were significantly different, and there were significant differences in hay yield. It showed that the economic benefit of planting alfalfa in silt soil and loam soil was higher.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S541.9

【参考文献】