自走式玉米收获机总体结构布局优化设计与虚拟验证方法研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 10:47

【摘要】：玉米是我国重要的粮食作物,但是玉米生产的机械化水平还比较低,尤其是收获环节更为低下。目前我国玉米收获机生产厂家虽然不少,但是成熟机型不多。因此,如何开发出符合我国国情的系列多功能玉米收获机已成为我国农机企业、高校和科研院所研究的重点技术问题。本文以自走式玉米收获机为研究对象,重点对其整体结构布局优化及其虚拟验证问题进行了系统研究,旨在为提高玉米收获机的设计水平和产品质量提供参考依据。本文的主要研究内容如下：(1)在查阅大量文献和深入调研的基础上,分析了当前国内外玉米收获机发展动态、关键技术和研究方法,并深入了解了布局问题和虚拟设计技术的国内外发展现状,最终确定了本文的研究内容和技术路线。(2)根据国内外市场上的自走式玉米收获机机型,并结合相关设计书籍、文献、标准等资料,分析了自走式玉米收获机的整机结构,总结了关键部件和系统的类型、特点以及作业性能影响因素等,并给出了整机动力计算方法和动力传递路线,同时分析了自走式玉米收获机的布局型式及主要结构设计参数,为自走式玉米收获机的总体设计提供了设计依据。(3)根据自走式玉米收获机的结构特点以及研究需求,构建了自走式玉米收获机的纵向动力学模型和操纵稳定性动力学模型,同时,分析了自走式玉米收获机的质心位置、通过性和稳定性计算方法,以进行整机性能分析,并为自走式玉米收获机总体结构布局优化提供理论依据。(4)在分析自走式玉米收获机布局型式、关键部件几何机构以及整机性能的基础上,研究了建立自走式玉米收获机结构三维布局设计的数学优化模型的原理和方法,采用多目标方法建立了整机结构布局的目标函数,并采用遗传算法对自走式玉米收获机整机结构布局优化问题进行求解。(5)基于VC++、Pro/E和虚拟现实软件EON,搭建了自走式玉米收获机总体结构布局设计与虚拟验证系统,研究了在虚拟环境中对零部件进行交互操作的方法,从而实现系统的参数化设计、总体结构布局优化以及在虚拟现实环境中对方案的调整等功能,为自走式玉米收获机的总体设计提供一个快速化、智能化、参数化的设计平台,从而缩短产品开发时间,节约成本,提高产品质量。
[Abstract]:Corn is an important food crop in China, but the mechanization level of maize production is still low, especially the harvest link is lower. At present our country corn harvester manufacturer although many, but the mature model is not many. Therefore, how to develop a series of multi-function corn harvester which is suitable for our country's national conditions has become a key technical problem of agricultural machinery enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes in our country. In this paper, the self-propelled corn harvester is taken as the research object, and the optimization of its overall structure layout and its virtual verification are systematically studied in order to provide a reference for improving the design level and product quality of the corn harvester. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of consulting a large number of literatures and in-depth investigation, the development trends, key technologies and research methods of corn harvester at home and abroad are analyzed. And deeply understand the layout problems and the development of virtual design technology at home and abroad, finally determine the research content and technical route of this paper. (2) according to the domestic and foreign market self-propelled corn harvester models, and combined with the relevant design books, literature, Based on the standard data, the structure of the self-propelled corn harvester is analyzed, the types of key components and systems, the characteristics and the influencing factors of operation performance are summarized, and the dynamic calculation method and power transfer route of the whole machine are given. At the same time, the layout type and main structural design parameters of the self-walking corn harvester are analyzed, which provides the design basis for the overall design of the self-walking corn harvester. (3) according to the structural characteristics and research requirements of the self-walking corn harvester, The longitudinal dynamic model and the manipulating stability dynamic model of the self-propelled corn harvester were constructed. At the same time, the position of the centroid of the self-walking corn harvester was analyzed, and the calculation method of the property and stability was used to analyze the performance of the whole machine. It also provides the theoretical basis for the optimization of the overall structure layout of the self-propelled corn harvester. (4) based on the analysis of the layout type of the self-propelled corn harvester, the geometric mechanism of the key components and the performance of the whole machine, In this paper, the principle and method of establishing a mathematical optimization model for the structural 3D layout design of a self-propelled corn harvester are studied, and the objective function of the structural layout of the whole machine is established by using the multi-objective method. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the structural layout optimization problem of self-propelled corn harvester. (5) based on VC Prop / E and virtual reality software EON, the overall structure layout design and virtual verification system of self-walking corn harvester are built. This paper studies the method of interactive operation of parts in virtual environment, so as to realize the parameterized design of the system, the optimization of the overall structure layout and the adjustment of the scheme in the virtual reality environment, and so on. It provides a rapid, intelligent and parameterized design platform for the overall design of the self-propelled corn harvester, thus shortens the product development time, saves the cost and improves the product quality.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S225.51

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