基于SSR、SNP和形态学标记的甘薯种质资源遗传多样性研究

发布时间：2019-06-04 11:33

【摘要】：由于甘薯基因组信息的缺乏,有关甘薯SSR分子标记开发和应用的报道极少,有关甘薯SNP标记的开发和利用尚未见报道。本研究用SSR、SNP和形态学标记分析了甘薯种质资源的遗传多样性,获得的主要结果如下：1.从70对SSR引物中筛选出30对多态性好的SSR引物,对380份甘薯种质资源进行扩增,共扩增出122个等位基因位点,每对引物扩增出的等位基因位点数为1～9,平均为4.07。基于122个等位基因位点,将380份甘薯种质资源划分为3个群体,即群体1、群体2和群体3,不能将供试品种按照地理来源区分开来,系统聚类分析与群体结构分析结果一致。系统聚类分析结果表明,地方品种间的平均遗传距离育成品种与地方品种间的平均遗传距离育成品种间的平均遗传距离。遗传多样性分析结果表明,群体1内种质资源间的遗传多样性指数为0-0.39,多态信息含量(PIC)为0-0.31；群体2的遗传多样性指数为0-0.40,多态信息含量为0-0.31；群体3的遗传多样性指数为0-0.49,多态信息含量为0-0.37。AMOVA分析结果表明,在380份甘薯种质资源的分子变异中,16.47%(P0.001)来源于群体间,83.53%(P0.001)来源于群体内。2.首次基于SLAF-seq技术,用300份甘薯种质资源开发SNP标记,共开发出13744个多态性SNP位点,由不同种质资源开发的等位基因位点数为1-122,平均为48.39。群体结构分析将300份甘薯种质资源划分为9个群体,育成品种与地方品种呈现明显分群。系统聚类分析结果表明,育成品种与地方品种间的平均遗传距离地方品种间的平均遗传距离育成品种间的平均遗传距离。不同来源地内品种间的遗传多样性指数变化范围不同,最大者为广东的0.03-0.90；多数来源地内品种间的PIC变化范围为0.05-0.50。AMOVA分析结果表明,在300份甘薯种质资源的分子变异中,0.05%(P0.001)来源于群体间,0.56%(P0.001)来源于群体内品种间,99.39%来源于不同品种间。3.用顶叶形、顶叶缺刻型、顶叶齿形、顶叶色、叶形、叶缺刻型、叶齿形、叶色、脉基色、柄基色、叶柄主色、茎色、叶脉色、叶侧脉色、产量、烘干率16个性状,对123份甘薯种质资源进行表型变异分析,结果表明,除顶叶色、叶色、叶脉色和叶柄主色外,其它性状均存在较丰富的变异。Person相关性分析表明,不同性状之间存在不同程度的相关性,脉基色与叶脉色相关性最高(-0.848),脉基色与柄基色相关性其次(r=0.832),叶侧脉色与其它性状未表现出相关性。主成分分析表明,5个主成分能解释66.05%的表型变异。用5个主成分对123份资源进行系统聚类分析,将这些资源划分为3个群体,不能将供试品种按照地理来源区分开来。4.比较3种标记的群体结构分析、系统聚类分析以及遗传多样性分析结果,3种标记检测效率为：SNP标记SSR标记形态学标记。
[Abstract]:Due to the lack of genomic information of sweet potato, there are few reports on the development and application of sweet potato SSR molecular markers, but there are no reports on the development and utilization of sweet potato SNP markers. In this study, the genetic diversity of sweet potato germplasm resources was analyzed by SSR,SNP and morphological markers. The main results were as follows: 1. 30 pairs of SSR primers with good polymorphism were screened out from 70 pairs of SSR primers, and a total of 122 loci were amplified from 380 sweet potato germline resources. The number of loci amplified by each pair of primers was 1 脳 9, with an average of 4.07. Based on 122 loci, 380 sweet potato germplasm resources were divided into 3 populations, namely, population 1, population 2 and population 3. The tested varieties could not be distinguished according to their geographical origin, and the results of systematic cluster analysis were consistent with those of population structure analysis. The results of systematic cluster analysis showed that the average genetic distance between the local varieties and the local varieties was the average genetic distance between the local varieties and the local varieties. The results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic diversity index was 0 鈮，

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