大豆疫霉菌基因组重测序与致病相关基因的生物信息学研究
发布时间:2021-06-11 22:53
卵菌(Oomycetes)分类属于茸鞭生物界,与真菌有类似的形态结构但在进化与分类上与真菌不同,严重威胁着全球农业生产和植物生态系统的安全。疫霉属(Phytophthora)是卵菌中最臭名昭著的一类,具有“植物杀手”之称。比如,由大豆疫霉(Phytophthorasojae)引起的大豆根腐病,每年给全球带来20亿美元经济损失。历史上由致病疫霉(P.infestans)引起的马铃薯晚疫病造成的“爱尔兰大饥荒”,导致数百万人死亡或者流离失所,至今依然危害严重。疫霉病害的控制主要依靠抗病品种和杀菌剂的利用,但病原菌进化速度快,其无毒基因和杀菌剂靶标基因可以通过多种形式产生变异逃逸寄主的识别和农药的毒性,从而导致品种抗性和杀菌剂活性丧失。因此准确地掌握病原菌群体结构、变异规律及其抗药性机制,对于选育持久广谱性抗病品种,合理布局抗病品种以及杀菌剂的使用和开发具有重要意义。本研究发挥高通量测序技术的优势,选取不同致病型和抗药性的大豆疫霉菌株进行基因组重测序,较为系统地揭示了无毒基因的变异规律、鉴定了常用药剂的抗性基因,另外还挖掘了两类重要的致病相关基因,获得的主要结果与结论如下:大豆疫霉不同毒力菌...
【文章来源】:南京农业大学江苏省 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】:144 页
【学位级别】:博士
【部分图文】:
图1-1卵菌效应因子在侵染过程中的定位(Wawraetal.,2012b)??Figure?1-1.?Location?of?oomycete?effectors?during?an?infection?(Wawra?et?al.,?2012b)??
go?laibachii?48??Facultative????Necrotroph???Six?Pythium?species?〇??Facultative????Hemi-biotroph?Phytophthora?sojae?374???Phytophthora?ramorum?396????Phytophthora?infestans?563???Obligate??Biotroph???Hyaloperonospora?arabidopsidis?134??图1-3?RxLR效应因子在卵菌中分布(Anderson?etal.,2015)??Figure?1-3?Distribution?of?RXLR?genes?in?oomycete?lineages?(Anderson?et?al.,?2015)??The?evolutionary?relationships?of?oomycete?pathogens?with?sequenced?genomes?is?depicted?by?the?tree.??Host?dependency?and?pathogenicity?strategy?of?each?lineage?is?summarized?in?the?boxes.?The?number?of??predicted?RXLR?genes?for?each?species?is?shown?in?bold.??最近,有研究报道发现,通过改进预测方法,死体营养型腐霉中也存在RxLR效??应因子(McGowan?and?Fitzpatrick,2017)。这些说明并不是所有的卵菌都需要RxLR效??应因
因子进入寄主细胞??(Bhattacharjee?et?al.,?2006;?Birch?et?al.,2006)。研究人员发现?RxLR?序列兀件,既可以与??植物胞外膜上的PI3P?(三磷酸肌醇),也可以与病原菌合成的PI3P结合,进一步经过??寄主胞吞作用转运进入寄主细胞内(Kale?et?al.,2010;?Lu?et?al.,2013)。??(pathogen??—??/?"????厂host?(plant)?cell???、,?PI-3-P?^?,??图1-4?RxLR效应因子转运模式图(Kale?etal.,?2010)??Figure?1-4?Proposed?model?for?effector?entry?(Kale?et?al.,?2010)??Binding?of?effectors?via?their?RXLR?domains?to?POP,?possibly?located?in?lipid?rafts,?leads?to?entry?by??endocytosis.?The?mechanism?of?escape?from?endosomes?is?currently?unknown.?The?moderate?affinity?of??the?effectors?for?PI3P?facilitates?binding?on?the?outer?surface?but?dissociation?from?POP?inside?the?cell.??然而,由于实验可重复率低,有关PI3P在RxLR效应因子转运中的作用机制尚??存在大量的争议,RxLR序列元件是介导RxLR效应因子转运
本文编号:3225418
【文章来源】:南京农业大学江苏省 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】:144 页
【学位级别】:博士
【部分图文】:
图1-1卵菌效应因子在侵染过程中的定位(Wawraetal.,2012b)??Figure?1-1.?Location?of?oomycete?effectors?during?an?infection?(Wawra?et?al.,?2012b)??
go?laibachii?48??Facultative????Necrotroph???Six?Pythium?species?〇??Facultative????Hemi-biotroph?Phytophthora?sojae?374???Phytophthora?ramorum?396????Phytophthora?infestans?563???Obligate??Biotroph???Hyaloperonospora?arabidopsidis?134??图1-3?RxLR效应因子在卵菌中分布(Anderson?etal.,2015)??Figure?1-3?Distribution?of?RXLR?genes?in?oomycete?lineages?(Anderson?et?al.,?2015)??The?evolutionary?relationships?of?oomycete?pathogens?with?sequenced?genomes?is?depicted?by?the?tree.??Host?dependency?and?pathogenicity?strategy?of?each?lineage?is?summarized?in?the?boxes.?The?number?of??predicted?RXLR?genes?for?each?species?is?shown?in?bold.??最近,有研究报道发现,通过改进预测方法,死体营养型腐霉中也存在RxLR效??应因子(McGowan?and?Fitzpatrick,2017)。这些说明并不是所有的卵菌都需要RxLR效??应因
因子进入寄主细胞??(Bhattacharjee?et?al.,?2006;?Birch?et?al.,2006)。研究人员发现?RxLR?序列兀件,既可以与??植物胞外膜上的PI3P?(三磷酸肌醇),也可以与病原菌合成的PI3P结合,进一步经过??寄主胞吞作用转运进入寄主细胞内(Kale?et?al.,2010;?Lu?et?al.,2013)。??(pathogen??—??/?"????厂host?(plant)?cell???、,?PI-3-P?^?,??图1-4?RxLR效应因子转运模式图(Kale?etal.,?2010)??Figure?1-4?Proposed?model?for?effector?entry?(Kale?et?al.,?2010)??Binding?of?effectors?via?their?RXLR?domains?to?POP,?possibly?located?in?lipid?rafts,?leads?to?entry?by??endocytosis.?The?mechanism?of?escape?from?endosomes?is?currently?unknown.?The?moderate?affinity?of??the?effectors?for?PI3P?facilitates?binding?on?the?outer?surface?but?dissociation?from?POP?inside?the?cell.??然而,由于实验可重复率低,有关PI3P在RxLR效应因子转运中的作用机制尚??存在大量的争议,RxLR序列元件是介导RxLR效应因子转运
本文编号:3225418
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