野生大麦农艺性状的多样性及其遗传基础
发布时间：2021-08-01 22:21
大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）不仅是最古老的栽培作物之一,而且是第四大粮食作物,被广泛的用于食品、饲料、酿酒等行业。同时,大麦广泛的地区适应性,在水肥充足的地区甚至沙漠都有种植,它为一些亚洲国家（如喜马拉雅山区）,北非（如摩洛哥和埃塞尔比亚）提供了稳定的食物供给。作为栽培大麦的祖先种,野生大麦（Hordeum spontaneum）为栽培大麦的改良提供了非常丰富的遗传资源。自然条件下,野生大麦主要分布在新月沃土,中亚和西藏地区。因此,研究大麦的起源,遗传多样性和进化关系对于野生资源的开发保护和利用具有非常重要的作用。首先,对于环境的物理响应可以反映出植物所受的压力。非生物胁迫如温度、气候因素和化学变化对是影响植物生长的重要环境因素。另外,生物胁迫如竞争、捕食、寄生同样对于会增加植物生存压力。虽然生物和非生物胁迫是独立的部分,但这两者经常是协同作用的。环境效应只能通过对正在受到环境压力的有机体来进行检测。遗传变异可以通过生物体或群体的自交或者其他遗传结构的变化引起,其会造成该群体响应特定环境基因型比例的变化。适应性可以理解为是生物体在新的环境下生存下来,并且进化出了一些适应...
【文章来源】：西北农林科技大学陕西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：163 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
Chapter 1 Review of Literature
1.1.Barley
1.1.1. The origin and history of barley
1.1.2. Taxonomy and etymology
1.1.3. Barley genome
1.1.4. Ecological distribution
1.1.5. Health benefits and concerns of barley
1.1.6. Genetic advantage of barley research
1.2. Genomic Divergence, Adaptation and Evolution of Barley
1.2.1. Adaptive genomic divergence in barley
1.2.2. The molecular base of genome divergence and evolution
1.2.3. Evolutionary processes driving genomic divergence
1.2.4. Approaches for analysis of adaptive genomic divergence
1.3. Molecular Marker Techniques used in Plant Genomics
1.3.1. Simple sequence repeats (SSR)
1.3.2. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)
1.3.3. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
1.3.4. Kompetitive Allele‐Specific PCR (KASP)
1.3.5. Sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR)
1.3.6. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS)
1.3.7. Randomly amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMP)
1.3.8. Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP)
1.3.9. Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)
1.3.10. Intron-exon splice junctions (ISJ)
1.3.11. Selection of molecular marker technique
1.4. Beta Glucan: An Overview of Its Properties, Health Benefits, Genetic Background and Practical Applications
1.4.1. Properties of β-glucan
1.4.2. Health benefits
1.4.3. Genetic background
1.4.4. Extraction of β-glucan
1.4.5. Practical applications of β-glucan fortification
1.5. Main research work
1.6. Objectives of the research
Chapter 2 Genetic, Morphological, Chemical Divergence and Microenvironmental Adaptation in Wild Barley
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Material and Methods
2.2.1. Plant materials
2.2.2. DNA extraction
2.2.3. Molecular markers analyses
2.2.4. Molecular data analysis
2.2.5. Morphological characterization
2.2.6. NIR spectroscopy analysis
2.3. Results
2.3.1. Polymorphism and genetic variation analyzed by ISJ markers
2.3.2. Genetic diversity of morphological traits
2.3.3. NIR spectroscopy analysis
2.4. Discussion
2.5. Conclusion
Chapter 3 Direct Comparison of β-Glucan Content in Wild and Cultivated Barley
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Materials and Methods
3.2.1. Plant materials
3.2.2. Sample preparation
3.2.3. Chemical analysis
3.2.4. Statistical analysis
3.3. Results
3.3.1. β-glucan content of selected accessions
3.3.2. Descriptive statistics and frequency distribution
3.3.3. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of barley populations
3.3.4. Cluster analysis
3.4. Discussion
3.5. Conclusions
Chapter 4 Genome‐ Wide Identification and Analysis of Csl F Gene Family in Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Materials and Methods
4.2.1. Identification of Csl F genes in barley
4.2.2. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis
4.2.3. Analysis of the expression profiles of Csl F RNA-seq datasets
4.2.4. Correlation network analysis
4.3. Results
4.3.1. Genome‐ wide identification of the Csl F gene families in barley
4.3.2. Multiple alignments, phylogenetic and conserved motif analysis of Hv Csl F
4.3.3. Tissue‐ specific expression patterns of Hv Csl F genes
4.3.4. Interactions between Hv Csl F family members
4.4. Discussion
4.5. Conclusion
Chapter 5 General Conclusions
References
Appendix
Abbreviations
Acknowledgements
Curriculum Vitae
本文编号：3316346
【文章来源】：西北农林科技大学陕西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：163 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
Chapter 1 Review of Literature
1.1.Barley
1.1.1. The origin and history of barley
1.1.2. Taxonomy and etymology
1.1.3. Barley genome
1.1.4. Ecological distribution
1.1.5. Health benefits and concerns of barley
1.1.6. Genetic advantage of barley research
1.2. Genomic Divergence, Adaptation and Evolution of Barley
1.2.1. Adaptive genomic divergence in barley
1.2.2. The molecular base of genome divergence and evolution
1.2.3. Evolutionary processes driving genomic divergence
1.2.4. Approaches for analysis of adaptive genomic divergence
1.3. Molecular Marker Techniques used in Plant Genomics
1.3.1. Simple sequence repeats (SSR)
1.3.2. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)
1.3.3. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
1.3.4. Kompetitive Allele‐Specific PCR (KASP)
1.3.5. Sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR)
1.3.6. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS)
1.3.7. Randomly amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMP)
1.3.8. Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP)
1.3.9. Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)
1.3.10. Intron-exon splice junctions (ISJ)
1.3.11. Selection of molecular marker technique
1.4. Beta Glucan: An Overview of Its Properties, Health Benefits, Genetic Background and Practical Applications
1.4.1. Properties of β-glucan
1.4.2. Health benefits
1.4.3. Genetic background
1.4.4. Extraction of β-glucan
1.4.5. Practical applications of β-glucan fortification
1.5. Main research work
1.6. Objectives of the research
Chapter 2 Genetic, Morphological, Chemical Divergence and Microenvironmental Adaptation in Wild Barley
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Material and Methods
2.2.1. Plant materials
2.2.2. DNA extraction
2.2.3. Molecular markers analyses
2.2.4. Molecular data analysis
2.2.5. Morphological characterization
2.2.6. NIR spectroscopy analysis
2.3. Results
2.3.1. Polymorphism and genetic variation analyzed by ISJ markers
2.3.2. Genetic diversity of morphological traits
2.3.3. NIR spectroscopy analysis
2.4. Discussion
2.5. Conclusion
Chapter 3 Direct Comparison of β-Glucan Content in Wild and Cultivated Barley
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Materials and Methods
3.2.1. Plant materials
3.2.2. Sample preparation
3.2.3. Chemical analysis
3.2.4. Statistical analysis
3.3. Results
3.3.1. β-glucan content of selected accessions
3.3.2. Descriptive statistics and frequency distribution
3.3.3. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of barley populations
3.3.4. Cluster analysis
3.4. Discussion
3.5. Conclusions
Chapter 4 Genome‐ Wide Identification and Analysis of Csl F Gene Family in Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Materials and Methods
4.2.1. Identification of Csl F genes in barley
4.2.2. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis
4.2.3. Analysis of the expression profiles of Csl F RNA-seq datasets
4.2.4. Correlation network analysis
4.3. Results
4.3.1. Genome‐ wide identification of the Csl F gene families in barley
4.3.2. Multiple alignments, phylogenetic and conserved motif analysis of Hv Csl F
4.3.3. Tissue‐ specific expression patterns of Hv Csl F genes
4.3.4. Interactions between Hv Csl F family members
4.4. Discussion
4.5. Conclusion
Chapter 5 General Conclusions
References
Appendix
Abbreviations
Acknowledgements
Curriculum Vitae
本文编号：3316346
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