《灵枢经》英译（节选）

发布时间：2018-01-10 19:31

  本文关键词：《灵枢经》英译（节选）　出处：《广州中医药大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 《黄帝内经·灵枢》 翻译模式 音译 归化 形合

【摘要】：研究目的：本文通过翻译《黄帝内经·灵枢》中的重要篇章,以实践为基础,分析各种翻译理论指导下具体翻译技巧的应用及不同语法单位(如语素、词语、短语及句子等)各自的翻译原则和方法,整理归纳出行之有效的中医典籍翻译模式,实现跨学科的结合,向世界传播最纯正的传统中医。研究方法：(一)研究对象选取全国普通高等教育中医类精编教材《内经讲义》(人民卫生出版社,2002版)、《内经选读》(中国中医药出版社,2003版)及《内经选读》(上海科学技术出版社,2010版)中所选《灵枢》篇章进行翻译；主要中英文参考工具书分别为：《黄帝内经·灵枢译注》(中华书局,2010版)、《黄帝内经灵枢注证发微》(学苑出版社,2007版)、《灵枢识》(人民卫生出版社,1984版)、《康熙字典》(上海古籍出版社,1996版)、《说文解字注》(上海古籍出版社,1988版)；《实用英文中医词典》(人民卫生出版社,2002版)、《简明汉英黄帝内经词典》(人民卫生出版社,2011版)、《英汉汉英中医词典》(湖南科学技术出版社,1995版)及《汉英中医词典》(广东科技出版社,1986版)等等。(二)研究方法1.翻译模式译文以段落为单位,采用中英对照的译介方式,即一段中文对应一段英文。但鉴于《内经》语言及行文的独特性,译者必须首先以读者的身份深刻地理解原文之旨,找出核心词,确保核心词的正确翻译；译介完成后,译者应再以译入语读者的身份,检查核心词的译入语与原语两者的内涵或外延之间的对等性,上下文的逻辑连贯性,即“读者-译者-读者”翻译模式(如下图)。2.翻译方法中医典籍中的核心词的翻译中医典籍核心词大多为文化负载词(如气、阴阳、天癸等等),译语中没有相应的对应词。为了更好地保护中医特色,避免信息的二度丢失,采用“音译+脚注”的方法,向读者展示中医独特的思维方式。中医典籍中语句的翻译翻译的最终目的是为了实现两种不同语言、文化间的无障碍交流,故语句的翻译应从读者的视角出发,以归化为主进行译介,确保译文的可读性。中医典籍中段落及篇章的翻译较之汉语重意合,英语是一种重形合的语言,强调语句、段落间结构的完整性和形态的严谨性,因而常常借助各种连接手段起承转合。因此在汉译英的过程中,需通过适当地增译、减译,或补充符合上下文语境的连接词,方可真正实现两种语言之间的功能对等及整个篇章的逻辑连贯。研究结果：鉴于中医典籍语言及行文的独特性,中医典籍的翻译方式不可一概而论,需具体问题具体分析,从核心词、语句、段落、语篇等多个角度构建多层次的中医典籍翻译理论模式,向世界传播纯正的中医文化。1.中医典籍文化负载词的英译策略：音注结合,保护特色在中医典籍文化负载词的翻译上,以音译为主,结合脚注予以解释说明。如此既传播了中医特色文化、维护了民族文化的地位,同时还可收获经济高效的翻译效果,因为音译加注的做法实际上构成了一种规约性翻译,当后文再次遇到同一词汇时,一般直接对其进行音译处理即可。该译法也符合语言国情学要求。2.中医典籍句子的英译策略：归化主导,读者视角在将一种语言、文化信息转化为另一种语言、文化的过程中,可以并且应该给它穿上目的语语言文化的外衣,才能更好地让目的语读者适应、理解。因此在语句的翻译上,在保证中医核心文化不错位、扭曲或缺省的前提下,应该从读者的视角出发,以归化为主导,使译文免去晦涩难懂,诘屈声牙之感,而达到无障碍交流的目的。3.中医典籍段落及篇章的英译策略：形合为主,逻辑连贯。汉语以意合为主,强调内容和表意的完整性,比较简洁,而英语重形合,强调语句、段落间结构的完整性和形态的严谨性。因此在汉译英的过程中,往往要先分析源语句子的功能、意义,然后才能确定译语句子的结构、形式,并通过适当地增译、减译,或补充符合上下文语境的连接词,方可真正实现两种语言之问的动态对等及整个篇章的逻辑连贯。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the translation of "Huangdi Neijing Lingshu > in the - an important chapter, on the basis of practice, analysis and application of different grammatical units of various translation theories under the guidance of specific translation skills (such as morphemes, words, phrases and sentences etc.) translation principles and methods of their own, summed up the effective TCM classics translation mode, to realize the combination of interdisciplinary, spread to the world the most pure traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: (a) selected from the national ordinary higher education of TCM intensive teaching materials by handouts (< > People's Medical Publishing House, 2002 Edition), < > (Chinese classics in traditional Chinese Medicine Press, 2003 Edition) and the < > (Anthology of Shanghai science and Technology Press, 2010 Edition) < > text selected in Lingshu translation; mainly in English reference books are: < Neijing Lingshu - >" (Zhonghua press, 2010 Edition), < Neijing Lingshu note card Micro > (Academic Press, 2007 Edition), < > (Lingshu general people's Medical Publishing House, 1984 Edition), < > Kangxi Dictionary (Shanghai Ancient Books Press, 1996 edition), < ShuoWenJieZi > note (Shanghai Ancient Books Press, 1988 edition) < > English; practical dictionary of Chinese medicine (people's medical publishing house, 2002 Edition) <, a concise Chinese English Dictionary > Huangdi Neijing (people's Medical Publishing House, 2011 Edition), "dictionary of Chinese medicine" (Hunan science and Technology Press, 1995 edition) and "Chinese Medicine Dictionary" (Guangdong science and Technology Press, 1986 Edition). (two) research methods 1. modes of translation translation in paragraph as a unit, the the translation methods in English, which is a Chinese corresponding to a English. But in view of the uniqueness of < > language and the translator must first understand the original meaning to the reader's identity, find out the key words, to ensure the correct translation of core words; translation is completed, the translator should take target readers The identity of equality between the examination of core words translated into both the language and the original language connotation or denotation, context logic coherence, "Reader - translator and reader" translation model (below) of TCM classics core core word word translation.2. translation of TCM classics of the multi culture loaded words (such as gas, Yin and Yang, etc.), there is no corresponding Tiangui corresponding word in the target language. In order to better protect the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, two degrees to avoid lost information, using the method of "transliteration + footnote", to show readers the way of thinking of Chinese unique. The ultimate goal statement of TCM classics translation is to achieve two different languages, barrier free communication between cultures, so the translation of from the perspective of the reader, translated by domestication, ensure the readability of the translation. Paragraph and text in the translation of TCM classics of Chinese words heavy parataxis and English As a hypotactic language, sentence, paragraph structure integrity and rigor, often through various means. So in the process of connecting transitions in C-E, need through proper amplification, omission, or supplementary connection with word context, we can realize the functional equivalence between two languages and the whole discourse logic coherence. Results: in view of the unique nature of language and the language of the ancient books of Chinese medicine, TCM classics translation can not be generalized, the specific analysis of specific issues, from core words, sentences, paragraphs, the construction of Chinese classics translation theory model of multi-level multi angle. Text, translation strategies of Chinese culture spread to the world of pure.1. classics of Chinese medicine culture loaded words: note with protective features in TCM classics translation of culture loaded words, to be a transliteration based, with footnotes solution Release. So both the spread of the Chinese culture, maintaining the national culture status, but also can reap the economic and efficient translation effect, because the practice of transliteration filling constitutes a prescriptive translation, when the re encounter the same vocabulary, generally the transliteration of the translation process can be. Also in line with the requirements of linguistics.2. sentence classics of traditional Chinese medicine translation strategies: Domestication led the reader perspective in a language and culture information into another language and culture in the process, can and should give it the culture of target language coat, in order to better adapt to the target language readers to understand. In a statement translation. Therefore, in traditional Chinese culture does not guarantee the core premise of dislocation, distortion or default, should proceed from the perspective of the reader, with domestication as the dominant, make the translation from obscure, special sound teeth feeling, English translation strategies to achieve barrier free communication to.3. TCM classics paragraph and text: hypotaxis, logical coherence. Chinese by parataxis, emphasize integrity, content and meaning of simplicity, while English Hypotaxis, emphasis, paragraphs form the structural integrity and rigor. Therefore, in the process of translation, often the first analysis of the source language sentence function, meaning, and then to determine the target language sentence structure, form, and through appropriate amplification, omission, or connection with word context, we can realize the dynamic two languages are equal and the text is coherent.

【学位授予单位】：广州中医药大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R221.2;H315.9
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本文编号：1406559