社会组织道德行为的生成逻辑
发布时间：2018-08-15 16:19
【摘要】：社会组织是指与政府组织和企业组织相区别的,隶属于社会体系,具有非政府性、非营利性和志愿公益性或互益性特征的各种组织形式及其网络形态。社会组织道德行为,是指社会组织以其组织结构、组织伦理使命及特定的伦理氛围整合组织成员的道德信念及道德行动,从而做出的可以进行善恶评价的、具有道德意义的积极行为。从不同视角,社会组织道德行为可以划分为职能型与任务型道德行为、社会动员型与成员自主型道德行为、规范依循型与规范建构型道德行为。不同类型的道德行为,其生成逻辑具有一定的差异。在对差异性进行比较的基础上可以更为准确地把握其共性所在,即社会组织道德行为生成的基本逻辑。社会组织道德行为的价值主要在于促进个体的道德实现,有效地防范社会组织的伪善,构建社会的和谐伦理秩序。在现代性伦理危机及社会转型期道德动荡的双重裹挟下,当前中国社会组织道德行为的实际状况不容乐观。现代性伦理危机,一方面是生活世界中道德被金钱和权力败坏的危机；另一方面,是伦理理论合法性危机。由此导致了营利化、行政化、去志愿化等“社会组织之恶”,社会组织道德行为陷入社会压力情境下的自主性悖论、多元文化背景下价值取向困境及“志愿失灵”等困境之中。这—切表明,社会组织道德行为的生成逻辑在方向、动力两个维度上存在多重障碍。社会组织的团结性确保道德行为方向的一致和动力的统一,是道德行为发生的前提。追求团结应该成为现代社会组织的伦理行动。建构社会组织的团结性,首先需要对个体进行主体动员,并保持在个体道德自我基础上的去个体化,实现道德取向的普遍化；其次,需要组织成员对社会组织实现从身份认同到精神归属,树立组织荣辱感、道德责任感和组织忠诚,促使成员与社会组织自觉地结成道德命运共同体；再次,社会组织内部通过组织传播、道德学习等方式提升组织凝聚力,使社会组织团结性获得发展性力量。动力机制是社会组织道德行为发生的基本条件。在道德行为如何发生的问题上,问题本身的复杂性及当前社会转型期所遭遇的价值环境导致伦理学更关注价值取向或道德标准问题,而对道德的行为是如何发动和发展,即道德行为的动力机制问题关注不够。有效的动力机制是社会组织道德行为生成的关键因素之一其动力机制的主体基础是组织认同,为此,社会组织必须确立起“组织自我”。社会组织道德行为的动力源表现为趋避选择的组织形态、道德文化累积层上的集体道德冲动形态以及集体的极化效应等多种形态,其动力模式主要包括原发内生型、集体自省型和外部压力型模式三种,其动力传递机制包括借助于权力或权威、道德榜样的感召力等实现动力的组织内传播。组织伦理能力对道德行为的方向和动力进行有效调控和审慎反思,是社会组织道德行为发展的内源性力量。社会组织伦理能力较其他类型组织更强,它能保障社会组织更全面、持续地进行伦理反思,并维持在道德价值取向和道德规范的开放程度和道德行为的控制水平,从而实现道德行为的自觉自控。伦理决策能力和伦理反思能力是组织伦理能力的重要体现。伦理决策能力主要体现为对道德场的感知及道德行为方案的制定和优选。伦理反思能力促进社会组织道德行为的组织自律及对行为边界的正确把握。社会组织的道德行为应以社会组织的伦理能力为限,从政府更有实力和市场更有效率的领域退出,回归到“道德人”供给的志愿行为边界之内。
[Abstract]:Social organization refers to various organizational forms and their network forms which are different from government organizations and enterprise organizations and belong to the social system and have the characteristics of non-governmental, non-profit and voluntary public welfare or mutual benefit. From different perspectives, the moral behavior of social organizations can be divided into functional and task-based moral behavior, social mobilization and members'autonomous moral behavior, norm-based and norm-based constructive moral behavior. Behavior. Different types of moral behavior have certain differences in their generative logic. On the basis of comparing the differences, we can grasp more accurately the common ground, that is, the basic logic of the generation of moral behavior of social organizations. The hypocrisy of the organization and the harmonious ethical order of the society are constructed. Under the double envelope of the ethical crisis of modernity and the moral turbulence of the social transformation period, the actual situation of the moral behavior of the social organizations in China is not optimistic. Crisis of legitimacy of theory leads to the evils of social organizations such as profit-making, administration, and de-volunteering. Moral behavior of social organizations falls into the paradox of autonomy under social pressure, the dilemma of value orientation under multi-cultural background and the dilemma of "voluntary failure". The unity of social organizations is the premise of moral behavior. The pursuit of unity should become the ethical action of modern social organizations. To construct the unity of social organizations, the first thing is to mobilize individuals and maintain them. Secondly, it is necessary for the members of the organization to realize the social organization from identity to spiritual belonging, establish the sense of honor and disgrace, moral responsibility and organizational loyalty, and promote the members and social organizations to form a moral destiny community consciously; thirdly, within the social organization. The Ministry promotes organizational cohesion by means of organizational communication and moral learning, so that the unity of social organizations can gain developmental strength. The dynamic mechanism is the basic condition for the occurrence of moral behavior of social organizations. More attention should be paid to value orientation or moral standards, but less attention should be paid to how moral behavior is initiated and developed, that is, the dynamic mechanism of moral behavior. The motive force of social organization's moral behavior is manifested in the organizational form of avoiding choice, the collective moral impulse on the accumulative layer of moral culture, and the collective polarization effect. Its motive force mode mainly includes three types: the primary endogenous mode, the collective introspection mode and the external pressure mode. Organizational ethical competence is an endogenous force for the development of moral behavior in social organizations. Social organizational ethical competence is stronger than other types of organizations, and it can ensure a more complete social organization. Ethical decision-making ability and ethical reflection ability are important embodiments of organizational ethical ability. Ethical decision-making ability is mainly embodied in the perception of moral field and Tao. The moral behavior of social organizations should be limited by the ethical ability of social organizations, withdraw from the areas where the government is more powerful and the market is more efficient, and return to the voluntary act of "moral person" supply. Within the boundary.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B82-0
，
本文编号：2184745
[Abstract]:Social organization refers to various organizational forms and their network forms which are different from government organizations and enterprise organizations and belong to the social system and have the characteristics of non-governmental, non-profit and voluntary public welfare or mutual benefit. From different perspectives, the moral behavior of social organizations can be divided into functional and task-based moral behavior, social mobilization and members'autonomous moral behavior, norm-based and norm-based constructive moral behavior. Behavior. Different types of moral behavior have certain differences in their generative logic. On the basis of comparing the differences, we can grasp more accurately the common ground, that is, the basic logic of the generation of moral behavior of social organizations. The hypocrisy of the organization and the harmonious ethical order of the society are constructed. Under the double envelope of the ethical crisis of modernity and the moral turbulence of the social transformation period, the actual situation of the moral behavior of the social organizations in China is not optimistic. Crisis of legitimacy of theory leads to the evils of social organizations such as profit-making, administration, and de-volunteering. Moral behavior of social organizations falls into the paradox of autonomy under social pressure, the dilemma of value orientation under multi-cultural background and the dilemma of "voluntary failure". The unity of social organizations is the premise of moral behavior. The pursuit of unity should become the ethical action of modern social organizations. To construct the unity of social organizations, the first thing is to mobilize individuals and maintain them. Secondly, it is necessary for the members of the organization to realize the social organization from identity to spiritual belonging, establish the sense of honor and disgrace, moral responsibility and organizational loyalty, and promote the members and social organizations to form a moral destiny community consciously; thirdly, within the social organization. The Ministry promotes organizational cohesion by means of organizational communication and moral learning, so that the unity of social organizations can gain developmental strength. The dynamic mechanism is the basic condition for the occurrence of moral behavior of social organizations. More attention should be paid to value orientation or moral standards, but less attention should be paid to how moral behavior is initiated and developed, that is, the dynamic mechanism of moral behavior. The motive force of social organization's moral behavior is manifested in the organizational form of avoiding choice, the collective moral impulse on the accumulative layer of moral culture, and the collective polarization effect. Its motive force mode mainly includes three types: the primary endogenous mode, the collective introspection mode and the external pressure mode. Organizational ethical competence is an endogenous force for the development of moral behavior in social organizations. Social organizational ethical competence is stronger than other types of organizations, and it can ensure a more complete social organization. Ethical decision-making ability and ethical reflection ability are important embodiments of organizational ethical ability. Ethical decision-making ability is mainly embodied in the perception of moral field and Tao. The moral behavior of social organizations should be limited by the ethical ability of social organizations, withdraw from the areas where the government is more powerful and the market is more efficient, and return to the voluntary act of "moral person" supply. Within the boundary.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B82-0
，
本文编号：2184745
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