传统手工艺的再生产研究
发布时间：2018-12-16 02:48
【摘要】：手工艺是传统农耕文化背景下人们社会生活的重要组成内容,承载着民众赖以为生的经济与文化诉求,维系上千年之久,稳定且持恒。近代以来,伴随着机器大生产逐步替代传统的手工业生产,商品经济代替自然经济的历史进程,传统农耕文明支离破碎,传统手工艺也在百年民族遭遇中显露出了命运的多舛和处境的尴尬。随着国家经济产业结构的调整,粗放式、集约化的工业生产向高新科技产业转型,吸纳劳动力就业最多的制造业、建筑业及乡镇加工企业大量的倒闭,曾经由农转工的农村剩余劳动力面临着从工业生产中抽离的处境,就业问题、经济问题、文化生态问题越发严重,亟需一种新的生产形式以推进或改善当前面临的紧迫现实,为人们提供就业机会和经济增长渠道,改善民生经济,重构文化生态,建构和谐社会,维系人的全面发展。在此背景下,传统手工艺生产作为一种工业化生产的补充形式进入到人们的视野中。手工艺生产低能耗、密集化、分散式等产业特征赋予了其作为生产方式在增加就业、增收致富等经济层面的现实意义;同时,传统手工艺作为一种发端于乡土的生产形式,其承载着乡土文化的精髓,是传统文化的重要组成部分,因此也有着建构乡土文化生态的积极意义。此外,在文化创意产业开发和“非遗”保护的视域下,传统手工艺是一种重要的文化载体和产业资源,是中国最具代表意义的造物形式,在“工匠”精神回归的时代诉求下,传统手工艺生产所承载的造物理念、独妙匠心对于中国从制造大国向制造强国的转变具有重要的社会意义。基于此,本文从手艺与民生的视角入手,重新认识和发掘手工艺的经济、文化、社会价值。在对传统手工艺资源赋存和发展诉求的阐述基础上,以马克思、布迪厄的再生产理论为理论依据,提出传统手工艺的再生产命题。从对国内外关于传统手工艺再生产的探索经验的总结和探索实践的梳理入手论述传统手工艺再生产的模式和组织形态,从乡村建设、民生经济、乡土文化三个层面论述传统手工艺再生产的现实意义,从国家元场域下地方政府、学校、民众三个层面论述传统手工艺再生产的可持续发展,并以陕西蒲城麦秆工艺的再生产为个案阐述传统手工艺再生产的过程和广泛实施的可能性,指出再生产是传统手工艺现代转化的生机和动力之源。
[Abstract]:Handicraft is an important component of people's social life under the background of traditional farming culture. It carries the economic and cultural demands of the people on which they depend for a thousand years, and is stable and constant. Since modern times, with the gradual substitution of machine production for traditional handicraft production and the historical process of commodity economy replacing natural economy, the traditional farming civilization has been fragmented. Traditional handicraft also revealed the fate of the nation in the face of many ill-fated and awkward situation. With the adjustment of the national economic industrial structure, extensive and intensive industrial production has been transformed into high-tech industries, manufacturing industries, which employ the most labor force, and construction and township processing enterprises have closed down in large numbers. The rural surplus labor force, which had been transferred from agriculture to work, was faced with the situation of pulling away from industrial production. The problems of employment, economy and culture and ecology were becoming more and more serious, and a new form of production was urgently needed to promote or improve the urgent reality currently facing. It provides employment opportunities and economic growth channels for people, improves people's livelihood economy, reconstructs cultural ecology, constructs harmonious society, and maintains people's all-round development. In this context, the traditional handicraft production as a supplementary form of industrial production into the eyes of people. The characteristics of low energy consumption, intensive and decentralized handicraft production give it practical significance in increasing employment, increasing income and getting rich as the mode of production. At the same time, the traditional handicraft, as a kind of production form which originated in the native land, bears the quintessence of the local culture and is an important part of the traditional culture, so it also has the positive significance of constructing the local culture ecology. In addition, from the perspective of the development of cultural and creative industries and the protection of "non-heritage", traditional handicraft is an important cultural carrier and industrial resource, and is the most representative form of creation in China. The traditional handicraft production carries the creation idea, the unique craftsman's heart has the important social significance for China's transformation from the manufacturing power to the manufacturing power. Based on this, this article from the perspective of technology and people's livelihood, re-understand and explore the economic, cultural and social value of handicrafts. Based on the exposition of the existing and developing demands of the traditional handicraft resources, and based on Marx's and Bourdieu's theory of reproduction, this paper puts forward the proposition of traditional handicraft's reproduction. Starting from summing up the exploration experience and exploring practice of traditional handicraft reproduction at home and abroad, this paper discusses the mode and organizational form of traditional handicraft reproduction, and discusses the rural construction and livelihood economy. This paper discusses the realistic significance of traditional handicraft reproduction from three aspects of local culture, local government, school and populace, and discusses the sustainable development of traditional handicraft reproduction from three aspects: local government, school and populace. The process of traditional handicraft reproduction and the possibility of its wide implementation are expounded with the example of wheat stalk reproduction in Pucheng Shaanxi Province. It is pointed out that reproduction is the source of vitality and motive force for the modern transformation of traditional handicraft.
【学位授予单位】：西安美术学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J528
，
本文编号：2381713
[Abstract]:Handicraft is an important component of people's social life under the background of traditional farming culture. It carries the economic and cultural demands of the people on which they depend for a thousand years, and is stable and constant. Since modern times, with the gradual substitution of machine production for traditional handicraft production and the historical process of commodity economy replacing natural economy, the traditional farming civilization has been fragmented. Traditional handicraft also revealed the fate of the nation in the face of many ill-fated and awkward situation. With the adjustment of the national economic industrial structure, extensive and intensive industrial production has been transformed into high-tech industries, manufacturing industries, which employ the most labor force, and construction and township processing enterprises have closed down in large numbers. The rural surplus labor force, which had been transferred from agriculture to work, was faced with the situation of pulling away from industrial production. The problems of employment, economy and culture and ecology were becoming more and more serious, and a new form of production was urgently needed to promote or improve the urgent reality currently facing. It provides employment opportunities and economic growth channels for people, improves people's livelihood economy, reconstructs cultural ecology, constructs harmonious society, and maintains people's all-round development. In this context, the traditional handicraft production as a supplementary form of industrial production into the eyes of people. The characteristics of low energy consumption, intensive and decentralized handicraft production give it practical significance in increasing employment, increasing income and getting rich as the mode of production. At the same time, the traditional handicraft, as a kind of production form which originated in the native land, bears the quintessence of the local culture and is an important part of the traditional culture, so it also has the positive significance of constructing the local culture ecology. In addition, from the perspective of the development of cultural and creative industries and the protection of "non-heritage", traditional handicraft is an important cultural carrier and industrial resource, and is the most representative form of creation in China. The traditional handicraft production carries the creation idea, the unique craftsman's heart has the important social significance for China's transformation from the manufacturing power to the manufacturing power. Based on this, this article from the perspective of technology and people's livelihood, re-understand and explore the economic, cultural and social value of handicrafts. Based on the exposition of the existing and developing demands of the traditional handicraft resources, and based on Marx's and Bourdieu's theory of reproduction, this paper puts forward the proposition of traditional handicraft's reproduction. Starting from summing up the exploration experience and exploring practice of traditional handicraft reproduction at home and abroad, this paper discusses the mode and organizational form of traditional handicraft reproduction, and discusses the rural construction and livelihood economy. This paper discusses the realistic significance of traditional handicraft reproduction from three aspects of local culture, local government, school and populace, and discusses the sustainable development of traditional handicraft reproduction from three aspects: local government, school and populace. The process of traditional handicraft reproduction and the possibility of its wide implementation are expounded with the example of wheat stalk reproduction in Pucheng Shaanxi Province. It is pointed out that reproduction is the source of vitality and motive force for the modern transformation of traditional handicraft.
【学位授予单位】：西安美术学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J528
，
本文编号：2381713
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/rwkxbs/2381713.html
