载瓦语语音研究
发布时间：2019-06-05 13:44
【摘要】：载瓦语是景颇族载瓦支系使用的一种语言,它与缅甸、阿昌、浪速、勒期、波拉、仙岛等语言同属汉藏语系藏缅语族缅语支。载瓦语主要分为龙准、迸瓦两种方言。载瓦人跨境而居,国内主要分布于云南省德宏州芒市、盈江、陇川、瑞丽等县市,人口占境内景颇族总人口的六成之多,约八万余人;境外主要分布于缅甸克钦邦境内,其中恩迈卡、迈立卡两江以东的下游地带为聚居区,人口不详。本论文《载瓦语语音研究》所用到的载瓦语语料均来自德宏州境内,其中,芒市志丹村语料贯穿全篇,盈江鲁洛、陇川龙门、瑞丽户瓦等三个语言点的语料主要出现在第1章“载瓦语方言系属”及附录1“载瓦语方音词表及方音简介”两部分,用于说明载瓦语方音差异及各自语言点的音系描写。本论文从共时和历时两个层面对载瓦语语音进行了较为详尽的描写和分析。共时层面的研究主要描写芒市五岔路乡志丹村载瓦语的声韵调系统,并对其声母、韵母、声调等部分作较深入地分析。历时研究则重在运用历史层次分析法,分析载瓦语词汇的本体层和外借层,比较的范围主要限于载瓦语同汉语、缅甸语之间,研究旨在揭示语言演变的一些规律。此外,本文历时层面的研究还包括载瓦语形态分析、缅语支形态等相关问题。论文分为五个部分:第1章绪论:这一章分为三个部分。第一部分“族属及民族流变”对景颇族和载瓦支系进行概述,主要从文献记载、口传历史、民族认定、民族分布等几个方面对景颇族的总体情况作了简要概述。并基于此,从支系概况、源流争议、方言系属及其文字使用情况等不同角度对载瓦支系作比较全面的介绍,为后面的语音描写和分析作铺垫,提供理据;第二部分“载瓦语研究回顾”从国内国外两方面对载瓦语的研究状况进行回顾;第三部分“研究设计”对本论文的研究价值和研究方法以及所用到的田野调查法、描写语言学、实验语音学、语素分析法、历史层次分析法、历史比较语言学等现代前沿理论和方法作简要说明,并对本论文语料来源作适当介绍和说明。第2章载瓦语语音系统:对载瓦语语音系统进行系统描写,并对其声母、韵母、声调等部分中亟待解决的专题作描写和分析。同时,尝试运用韵律、区别特征矩阵等音系学理论对载瓦语语音现象进行描写。这一部分由以下几个版块组成:(1)载瓦语的声韵调;(2)载瓦语的音节结构;(3)载瓦语元音、辅音和声调的区别特征矩阵;(4)载瓦语声韵配合关系。第3章语言接触视域中的载瓦语:本章从语言接触的视角对载瓦语同周边语言之间的关系作简要分析,试图在同一民族内部诸语言以及载瓦语同周边几种民族语言等多语种框架下探讨各语言之间的关系。这部分主要由以下几个版块组成:(1)同一民族内部的诸语言之间的关系(内容包括载瓦语同勒期、浪速、波拉以及景颇等语言之间的关系);(2)载瓦语同周边民族语言之间的关系(主要分析与傣、德昂两种语言之间的关系)。第4章载瓦语的历时研究:本章与第二、第三章在内容上互为补充,联系紧密。是一个问题的两个不同方面。第二、第三章侧重于载瓦语语音的共时描写,本章则重在作历时比较与分析。共时描写可以为历时分析作铺垫,历时分析的成果又反过来促使共时描写做得更加深入。本章分作以下几个部分:(1)原中国社会科学院少数民族语言调查第三工作队有关载瓦语的调查材料之语音辨析;(2)载瓦语与汉语、缅甸语的关系词比较及其历史层次分析;(3)载瓦语的形态。第5章余论:对前述的观点及所用到的研究方法作些补充说明,并提出笔者的一些困惑与展望。附录:附录1“载瓦语方音词表及方音简介”,包括载瓦语方音词表及载瓦语方言点简介两个部分;附录2“载瓦语声韵配合表”,简要给出了载瓦语声韵配合表,说明载瓦语声韵之间的相互制约关系。本研究的创新处:1、本研究首次以近万条词汇的规模,对载瓦语进行语素切分,在此基础上进行共时音系分析,历史比较与历史层次分析。2、本研究首次提供近万条词语的载瓦语有声数据库。3、本研究首次把载瓦语的使动范畴放在汉藏语的大框架下作历史来源分析,指出载瓦语使动屈折手段都来自s-前缀,并且作出语音上的解释。4、本研究在藏缅语近音与浊擦音的大框架下,把前人的声母描写系统中的浊擦音v、?改为近音?、?。使载瓦语的声母系统更加系统化,更加可解释。5、本研究吸取近人的音节理论,对载瓦语的音节作音节音系学的分析。6、本研究首次对载瓦语的汉语关系词作历史层次分析,特别是上古/同源层的分析,很多是前人没有做过的。
[Abstract]:The language is a kind of language used by Jingpo, which is in the same language as Myanmar, Achang, wave speed, lehr, Polla and Xiandao. The Chinese language is mainly divided into two dialects. The carrier is a cross-border and domestic, and the country is mainly distributed in the counties, such as the Mangshi, Yingjiang, Longchuan and Ruili, Yunnan Province. The population accounts for about 60% of the total population of Jingpo nationality in the country. The population is mainly distributed in the territory of Kachin State of Myanmar. The downstream of the east of the Meilika River is a colony, and the population is not known. In this paper, the data of the language used in the study of the speech in the Chinese language are all from the territory of Dehong, among which, the materials of the three language points, such as the whole, the Yingjiang, Longchuan Longmen and the Ruili, are mainly found in the first "Waxian" and the first "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1. It is used to describe the difference of the partials and the description of the phonology of the respective language points. This paper gives a detailed description and analysis of the speech of the carrier language from both the common and the diachronic aspects. The research of the common-time dimension mainly describes the sound-and-tone system of the village-bearing language of Zhidan Village, Wujihau Township, Mimeng, and analyses the initial consonants, finals, and tones in depth. The duration of the study is to use the historical level analysis method to analyze the body layer and the outer layer of the language-carrying words. The scope of the comparison is mainly limited to the Chinese and Chinese, and the research is aimed at revealing some laws of the evolution of the language. In addition, the study of the diachronic level of this paper also includes the analysis of the form of the bearing language, the form of the Chinese language and the like. The paper is divided into five parts: Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part of the "Family and National Rheology" is a brief introduction to the general situation of Jingpo people from the aspects of the literature, the history of oral transmission, the national identification, the national distribution and so on. Based on this, the paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the support system from different angles, such as the general situation of the branch system, the source and the source, the dialect and the use of its characters, and provides the basis for the description and analysis of the later speech. The second part of the "A Review of the Study of the Language-bearing Language" is to review the research status of the bearing language from two aspects of the country, and the third part "study design" the research value and the research method of this paper and the field survey method used, the descriptive linguistics, the experimental phonetics, the morpheme analysis method, the historical level analysis method, This paper gives a brief description of the modern frontier theories and methods, such as the comparative linguistics, and gives an appropriate introduction and description of the source of the thesis. The second chapter of the speech system is to describe the system of the speech system, and to describe and analyze the topics to be solved in the initial consonants, the finals, the tone and so on. At the same time, an attempt is made to describe the speech phenomenon in the Chinese language by using the phonology theory such as the prosody and the distinguishing feature matrix. This part is composed of the following blocks: (1) the phonological tone of the bearing language; (2) the syllable structure of the bearing language; (3) the distinguishing feature matrix of the vowel, the consonant and the tone of the bearing language; and (4) the sound and rhyme matching relationship of the bearing language. Chapter 3 is the reading of the language in the visual field: this chapter makes a brief analysis of the relationship between the language and the peripheral language from the perspective of the language contact, and tries to explore the relationship between the languages in the same ethnic group as well as the language of the same ethnic language and so on. This part is mainly composed of the following parts: (1) the relationship between the languages inside the same nation (including the relationship between the language of the language of the language, the wave speed, the wave and the Jingpo, etc.); (2) the relationship between the carrying language and the peripheral national language (main analysis and analysis, The relationship between the two languages. The second chapter and the third chapter are complementary and closely related to the second and the third chapter. It's two different aspects of a problem. Secondly, the third chapter focuses on the common-time description of the voice of the language, and the chapter is the comparison and analysis. The common-time description can be the base of the diachronic analysis, and the results of the diachronic analysis, in turn, have contributed to the more in-depth description. This chapter is divided into the following parts: (1) the analysis of the voice of the third task force of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on the investigation materials of the reading language; (2) the comparison of the relation words between the Chinese and Chinese and the Chinese and the Chinese and the historical level; and (3) the form of the Chinese language. Chapter 5: To make some supplementary explanations for the above-mentioned ideas and the research methods used, and to put forward some confusion and prospect of the author. The appendix: The "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1, which includes two parts: the Chinese word list of the vehicle and the dialect point of the bearing language, and the "the matching table of the sound and rhyme of the bearing language" of the Appendix 2, gives a brief introduction to the matching table of the voice and rhyme of the Chinese language, and explains the mutual restriction between the Chinese and the Chinese. The innovation of this research:1. The first time this study uses the scale of nearly ten thousand words, and carries on the morpheme segmentation of the bearing language, on the basis of the analysis of the common-time sound system, the historical comparison and the historical level. In this study, the first time of the study is to put the dynamic category of the bearing language in the large frame of the Chinese Tibetan language as a historical source analysis. The initial consonant of the former is described in the system of the turbidite, v,? Change to a near-tone? ,?. This paper makes a more systematic and more detailed analysis of the initial consonant system of the bearing language.5. The study draws on the syllable theory of the near person, and analyses the syllable of the bearing language.6. The first time the study of the Chinese relation of the Chinese language is analyzed, in particular the analysis of the upper and the homologous layers. Many have not done before.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H259
本文编号：2493571
[Abstract]:The language is a kind of language used by Jingpo, which is in the same language as Myanmar, Achang, wave speed, lehr, Polla and Xiandao. The Chinese language is mainly divided into two dialects. The carrier is a cross-border and domestic, and the country is mainly distributed in the counties, such as the Mangshi, Yingjiang, Longchuan and Ruili, Yunnan Province. The population accounts for about 60% of the total population of Jingpo nationality in the country. The population is mainly distributed in the territory of Kachin State of Myanmar. The downstream of the east of the Meilika River is a colony, and the population is not known. In this paper, the data of the language used in the study of the speech in the Chinese language are all from the territory of Dehong, among which, the materials of the three language points, such as the whole, the Yingjiang, Longchuan Longmen and the Ruili, are mainly found in the first "Waxian" and the first "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1. It is used to describe the difference of the partials and the description of the phonology of the respective language points. This paper gives a detailed description and analysis of the speech of the carrier language from both the common and the diachronic aspects. The research of the common-time dimension mainly describes the sound-and-tone system of the village-bearing language of Zhidan Village, Wujihau Township, Mimeng, and analyses the initial consonants, finals, and tones in depth. The duration of the study is to use the historical level analysis method to analyze the body layer and the outer layer of the language-carrying words. The scope of the comparison is mainly limited to the Chinese and Chinese, and the research is aimed at revealing some laws of the evolution of the language. In addition, the study of the diachronic level of this paper also includes the analysis of the form of the bearing language, the form of the Chinese language and the like. The paper is divided into five parts: Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part of the "Family and National Rheology" is a brief introduction to the general situation of Jingpo people from the aspects of the literature, the history of oral transmission, the national identification, the national distribution and so on. Based on this, the paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the support system from different angles, such as the general situation of the branch system, the source and the source, the dialect and the use of its characters, and provides the basis for the description and analysis of the later speech. The second part of the "A Review of the Study of the Language-bearing Language" is to review the research status of the bearing language from two aspects of the country, and the third part "study design" the research value and the research method of this paper and the field survey method used, the descriptive linguistics, the experimental phonetics, the morpheme analysis method, the historical level analysis method, This paper gives a brief description of the modern frontier theories and methods, such as the comparative linguistics, and gives an appropriate introduction and description of the source of the thesis. The second chapter of the speech system is to describe the system of the speech system, and to describe and analyze the topics to be solved in the initial consonants, the finals, the tone and so on. At the same time, an attempt is made to describe the speech phenomenon in the Chinese language by using the phonology theory such as the prosody and the distinguishing feature matrix. This part is composed of the following blocks: (1) the phonological tone of the bearing language; (2) the syllable structure of the bearing language; (3) the distinguishing feature matrix of the vowel, the consonant and the tone of the bearing language; and (4) the sound and rhyme matching relationship of the bearing language. Chapter 3 is the reading of the language in the visual field: this chapter makes a brief analysis of the relationship between the language and the peripheral language from the perspective of the language contact, and tries to explore the relationship between the languages in the same ethnic group as well as the language of the same ethnic language and so on. This part is mainly composed of the following parts: (1) the relationship between the languages inside the same nation (including the relationship between the language of the language of the language, the wave speed, the wave and the Jingpo, etc.); (2) the relationship between the carrying language and the peripheral national language (main analysis and analysis, The relationship between the two languages. The second chapter and the third chapter are complementary and closely related to the second and the third chapter. It's two different aspects of a problem. Secondly, the third chapter focuses on the common-time description of the voice of the language, and the chapter is the comparison and analysis. The common-time description can be the base of the diachronic analysis, and the results of the diachronic analysis, in turn, have contributed to the more in-depth description. This chapter is divided into the following parts: (1) the analysis of the voice of the third task force of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on the investigation materials of the reading language; (2) the comparison of the relation words between the Chinese and Chinese and the Chinese and the Chinese and the historical level; and (3) the form of the Chinese language. Chapter 5: To make some supplementary explanations for the above-mentioned ideas and the research methods used, and to put forward some confusion and prospect of the author. The appendix: The "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1, which includes two parts: the Chinese word list of the vehicle and the dialect point of the bearing language, and the "the matching table of the sound and rhyme of the bearing language" of the Appendix 2, gives a brief introduction to the matching table of the voice and rhyme of the Chinese language, and explains the mutual restriction between the Chinese and the Chinese. The innovation of this research:1. The first time this study uses the scale of nearly ten thousand words, and carries on the morpheme segmentation of the bearing language, on the basis of the analysis of the common-time sound system, the historical comparison and the historical level. In this study, the first time of the study is to put the dynamic category of the bearing language in the large frame of the Chinese Tibetan language as a historical source analysis. The initial consonant of the former is described in the system of the turbidite, v,? Change to a near-tone? ,?. This paper makes a more systematic and more detailed analysis of the initial consonant system of the bearing language.5. The study draws on the syllable theory of the near person, and analyses the syllable of the bearing language.6. The first time the study of the Chinese relation of the Chinese language is analyzed, in particular the analysis of the upper and the homologous layers. Many have not done before.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H259
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