托马斯 阿奎纳与笛卡尔心身问题的理论：从比较研究的角度

发布时间：2021-09-01 17:35

　　对某些人而言,心灵不仅是单一或简单的能力。它是许多能力和认知能力复杂的结合,而这种认知能力指的是意识、知觉、思维、判断和记忆心身问题是一个古老的辩题,伴随着新的理解和看法,它不断地在发展。在当代的心灵哲学中,核心或者主要问题不应再是心灵是否不同于身体。相反,哲学家应该更专注于交互作用论（心灵与身体如何相互影响）。在这种逻辑中,一些思想家把心灵看作是内在的环境,即心理内容不能直接由第三人称获得。这一立场遭到了那些不把心——身区别看作是内外东西区别的人的拒绝。古老的亚里士多德主义的看法将心灵局限于智力,他们根据智力将人类和愚蠢的动物区分开来。当今身心问题领域的研究已经成为一种不一致的三和弦。因为主要的兴趣点一直在变化。中心问题从心身差异变到了心身如何相互关联。从这个角度来说,心理状态被描述为在因果上与物理事件和状态以及其它心理事件和状态相互作用。另一方面,物理的东西被认为是因果关系封闭的系统,从这样的层面上来说,即它为完全可用物理学的语言描述的事件提供了因果解释。首先,我们要注意到有不同的关于心灵的看法。心灵是人类的推理和思考能力,这意味着心灵是一个非物理的领域。今天,物理的实体和非物理的... 

【文章来源】：华中师范大学湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：166 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
Dedication
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Preamble
        1.1.1 Aquinas
        1.1.2 Descartes
    1.2 Literature review
        1.2.1 From Western philosopher's views about mind-body problem
        1.2.2 From Asian writers views about mind-body problem
    1.3 Statement of problem
    1.4 Motivation
    1.5 The relevant of the study
    1.6 Objectives
    1.7 Methodology
Chapter 2 Analysis of concept and theoretical basis
    2.1. Concept of Mind and its relevance:
    2.2. Consciousness
        2.2.1 The Rational Mind or Conscious: Ontology
        2.2.2 The sub-conscious or irrational mind: epistemology
        2.2.3 Intentionality
    2.3 Modes, constituents and structures of mind
        2.3.1 Modes of Minds:
        2.3.2 Constituents of mind:
    2.4. Structure of the mind:
    2.5 Origin of Mind:
    2.6 Properties and Characteristics of Mind
    2.7 Function of mind and its values for our lives
    2.8 Concept of Body and its relevant
        2.8.1 Ontological status of body
        2.8.2 The epistemological status of Body:
        2.8.3 Modes of the body:
        2.8.4. Constituents and nature of body
        2.8.5 Function of body and its capacities
    2.9 Theoretical basis
        2.9.1 Monism Theories
        2.9.2 Dualism Theories
Chapter 3 Thomas Aquinas's Theories of Mind-body Problem
    3.1 Thomas Aquinas's theories of mind
    3.2 Thomas Aquinas's theories of mind
        3.2.1 Modes of Mind
        3.2.2 Nature of Mind
        3.2.3 Mind essence:
        3.2.4 Mind's powers or capacities and its operations
    3.3 Thomas Aquinas's theories of body
        3.3.1 Mode of body
        3.3.2 Nature of body
        3.3.3 Essence of body
    3.4 Mind-body distinction
    3.5 Mind-body union:
        3.5.1 The intellective soul as the substantial form of the body:
        3.5.2 How the soul is united to the body?
        3.5.3 Mind-Body Interactions
        3.5.4 The impact of Aquinas theories in contemporary philosophy
Chapter 4 Descartes 's theories of mind-body problem
    4.1 Mode of the Mind
    4.2 Nature of the Mind
    4.3 The Essence of the Mind
    4.4 The Capacities of the Mind
    4.5 Mode of the body
    4.6 The nature of the body
    4.7 The Essence of the Body
    4.8 Mind-body distinction
        4.8.1 Definition of Substance
        4.8.2 Cartesian Dualism
        4.8.3 Mind-Body union
        4.8.4 Interaction between mind and body
        4.8.5 Contemporary interpretations of Cartesian dualism
        4.8.6 The new development of dualism from Asian perspective
Chapter 5 Differences and Similarities between Aquinas and Descartes's Theories
    5.1 Convergence of view
        5.1.1 Mind-body distinction
        5.1.2 Mind-body union
    5.2 Divergence of view about mind-body problem
        5.2.1 Mind-body distinction
        5.2.2 Mind-body union
Chapter 6 Contemporary studies of mind-body problem
    6.1 Substance dualism (mind-body problem)
    6.2 Property dualism and mind-body problem
    6.3 Epiphenomenalism view of the mind-body problem
    6.4 Behaviorism
    6.5 Functionalism
    6.6 Type Identity Theory
    6.7 Concepts of supervenience:
    6.8 Spinoza's view of the mind-body problem
    6.9 Ryle's view about mind-body problem
Chapter 7 some perspectives in terms of analysis concerning the mind-bodyproblem
    7.1 Eminence of the mind over the body:
        7.1.1 Eminence of the mind over the body from philosophical perspective
        7.1.2 Eminence of the mind over the body from ideological perspective
        7.1.3 Eminence of the mind over the body from medical perspective
        7.1.4 Eminence of the mind over the body from biblical perspectives
    7.2 The impact of the body over the mind:
Conclusion
References



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