中国基层协商民主程序化建设研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 12:31

本文关键词：中国基层协商民主程序化建设研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：任何一种民主形式都是实质民主和程序民主的辩证复合体。民主的程序化是当代民主政治的重要原则。基层协商民主作为我国社会主义民主政治系统中重要的组成部分,是基层群众参与民主政治的民主形式,也离不开实体的价值指向和程序硬性操作。基层协商民主看重并尊重程序,并认为程序是基层协商决策获得稳定性和权威性的必不可少的硬性要求。程序化是基层协商民主有效运转的必然要求,基层协商民主程序化建设有利于实现协商决策的稳定性与权威性,实现公众真实有序参与,保证多元社会和谐共存,提升基层协商民主的系统效能。基层协商民主程序,是由主体要素、制度要素、机制要素构成的统一体,环环相扣,层层递进。根据基层协商民主程序化中要素构成比例以及各要素所起的作用的差异,将基层协商民主的生长路径分为内生性、外生性和融合性基层协商民主程序化三大类。基层协商民主程序化是根植于基层协商主体民主自觉性不断提升、基层协商民主制度不断健全、基层协商民主平台不断完善等深厚的现实基础发展起来的。但同时也应该认识到基层协商民主才刚刚开始起步,在基层协商民主组织程序、开展程序、落实程序等方面普遍存在着共同的问题,具体表现为基层协商议题与协商主体的确定程序不合理、个体行动能力的不平等与社会的不平等制约了影响协商开展程序的公正性、落实停滞与落实走样降低了协商的实效。深入探讨其存在问题的原因主要是在于基层管理者在基层协商民主程序化上供给能力的不足、基层协商民主程序化的法制建设的落后、历史和文化对个体政治参与行为的禁锢。总体来看,基层协商民主程序化建设涉及面广,要想实现协商民主理念与基层民主治理的无缝对接,更好地发挥程序化建设对基层协商民主的实效,还有很多方面需要加以改进和完善。一是要明确基层协商民主程序化主体的角色定位,明确各级政府在基层协商民主程序化中的主导作用,基层干部在基层协商民主程序化中的组织作用,基层群众在基层协商民主程序化中的核心作用,社会组织在基层协商民主独特作用。二是要完善基层协商民主程序化机制建设,在原有的程序设计上引入更加合理、全面的代表生成机制、网络参与机制和监督机制,合理嫁接现有基层协商民主框架,遏制各种不平等因素对基层协商民主的影响。三是要加强基层协商民主程序化的制度建设,加强基层协商民主程序化的制度合理性,发挥制度宏观的规定作用,加强基层协商民主程序化的制度权威性,发挥制度微观的规范作用。基层协商民主程序化是协调多方面因素动态化的发展过程,要深刻融入到基层治理中去,才能在实践中不断得以发展。
[Abstract]:Any form of democracy is a dialectical complex of substantive democracy and procedural democracy. The procedure of democracy is an important principle of contemporary democratic politics. Deliberative democracy at the grassroots level, as an important part of China's socialist democratic political system, is a democratic form of grassroots participation in democratic politics, and also cannot be separated from the value orientation of the entity and the rigid operation of procedure. The grass-roots consultative democracy emphasizes and respects the procedure, and considers that the procedure is a necessary hard demand for the stability and authority of the grass-roots consultative decision. Procedure is the inevitable requirement of effective operation of grassroots consultative democracy. The construction of grassroots deliberative democracy is conducive to the realization of stability and authority of negotiation decision-making, achieving the true and orderly participation of the public, ensuring the harmonious coexistence of multiple societies, and improving the system efficiency of grassroots consultative democracy. The democratic process at the grass-roots level is a unified body composed of the main elements, the institutional elements and the mechanism elements. According to the proportion of constituent elements in the process of deliberative democracy in grass-roots units and the difference between the functions of each element, the growth path of grassroots consultative democracy can be divided into three categories: endogenous, exogenous and inclusive. The process of deliberative democracy at the grassroots level is rooted in the deep realistic foundation of grass-roots consultative body, the continuous improvement of democratic consciousness, the continuous improvement of grass-roots consultative democracy system and the continuous improvement of grass-roots consultative democracy platform. But at the same time should also recognize that grassroots deliberative democracy has just started, the deliberative democracy at the grass-roots level organizational procedures, carry out procedures, implementation procedures and other aspects exist common problems, specific performance issues and grassroots deliberative consultation body determination procedures is not reasonable, individual action ability of inequality and social inequality constraints influence to carry out the negotiation of procedural fairness, the implementation of stagnation and reduces the effectiveness of negotiation to implement aliasing. The main reason for its problems lies mainly in the inadequate supply ability of grassroots managers at the grassroots level in deliberative democracy, the backward construction of the legal system at the grassroots level, the imposition of historical and cultural constraints on individual political participation. Generally speaking, the process of grassroots deliberative democracy construction involves a wide range. If we want to achieve seamless docking between deliberative democracy and grassroots democratic governance, we need to further improve and improve the effectiveness of procedural construction for grassroots consultative democracy. One is to define the subject role of grassroots deliberative democracy programs, clear all levels of government at the grassroots democratic consultation procedures in the leading role, the role of grassroots cadres in grassroots deliberative democracy program in the core of the grassroots deliberative democracy at the grassroots level in the program for grassroots social organizations in the unique role of deliberative democracy. The two is to improve the construction of the mechanism of deliberative democracy at the grassroots level in the original program, the program introduced a more reasonable and comprehensive representative formation mechanism, network participation mechanism and supervision mechanism, reasonable grafting existing grassroots deliberative democracy framework, contain the effects of various unequal factors of grassroots democratic consultation. Three, we must strengthen the system construction of deliberative democracy at the grassroots level, strengthen the institutional rationality of the deliberative democracy program at the grassroots level, give full play to the macro regulatory role of the system, strengthen the institutional authority of the deliberative democracy program at the grass-roots level, and play the micro regulatory role of the system. The process of deliberative democracy at the grass-roots level is the development process of coordinating various factors' dynamic development, and must be deeply integrated into grass-roots governance, so that we can continue to develop in practice.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D621

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