我国民间借贷法律监管研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 08:04

本文关键词：我国民间借贷法律监管研究　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着民营经济及中小企业的快速发展，民间借贷呈现出了一片空前繁荣的景象，其迅速发展不但缓解了中小企业的资金需求，也促进了我国经济与社会的发展；但是，由于长期以来，民间借贷法律监管缺失，民间借贷弊端丛生，民间借贷危机也接二连三的发生；2011年，一场“高利贷崩盘”，“私营企业老板欠债跑路”的焦点新闻事件，更是将民间借贷从幕后催上了前台，受到了全社会的广泛关注，加强对民间借贷的法律监管已是刻不容缓，这不但是民间的迫切要求，也是政府着手要解决的重大经济、社会问题。2011年十一期间，国务院总理温家宝在温州调研时，就指出民间借贷要规范管理，防范风险，以促使它健康发展。因此，对民间借贷已不是要不要合法，要不要法律监管的问题，而是怎么合法化，怎么监管的问题，以兴利除弊，引导和规范民间借贷的发展，从而更好的推动中国经济和社会的进一步发展。本文绪论部分简要叙述了现有的研究成果、本文的研究价值、创新点以及研究方法。第一章从厘清民间借贷的概念入手，分析了我国民间借贷的现状，对民间借贷的发展阶段进行了简要的阐述，对民间借贷发展中出现的新特点、新趋势进行了全面的归纳和总结，对民间借贷存在的合理性从资金供求、民间借贷本身的特点、现行农村社会的特点三个方面进行了有力的论证。在对民间借贷要不要进行法律监管的问题上，第二章论证了民间借贷法律监管的必要性。民间借贷缺乏法律监管，其弊端日益显现，克服民间借贷的弊端有必要对民间借贷进行法律监管。第三章对民间借贷法律监管的现状进行了梳理，对监管存在的问题进行了阐释。首先，我国金融监管法律虽不少，但民间借贷监管的专门法律缺失，民间借贷监管无法可依。其次，民间借贷长期游走于法律的边缘，法律监管问题重重，不但监管法律缺失，也无明确的监管机构和监管程序；在监管中，重合规性监管，风险掌控能力不强。第四章确定了我国民间借贷法律监管的基本思路。确立了效率与公平统筹兼顾和自由与秩序和谐统一的监管理念，强调采用合规监管与风险监管相结合的监管模式；在监管手段上，应多管齐下，注重事前监管，并确立了公平、公正、公开，审慎，协调等监管原则。第五章提出了建构我国民间借贷法律监管制度的具体建议。首先在基本法律制度方面，，一是建立、完善民间借贷的相关法律、法规，二是放宽利率管制，三是建立规范的民间借贷法律监管机制，四是加强市场监测，五是支持小额贷款公司和社区、村镇银行的发展。其次，在配套机制方面，一是应成立行业协会，加强行业自律性监管；二是建立存款保险制度；三是建立社会征信体系，为民间借贷供需双方构建客观、公正的社会征信平台；四是加大对民间金融的财政、税收支持力度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of private economy and small and medium-sized enterprises, private lending presents a piece of unprecedented prosperity, the rapid development of not only alleviate the funding needs of SMEs, but also promote the development of China's economy and society; however, for a long time, the lack of legal supervision of private lending, private lending problems disadvantages of private lending crisis happened one after another; in 2011, a "usury crash", "the owner of the private sector debt run away" the focus of news events, is borrowing from behind the rush on the stage, there is a widespread concern of the whole society, strengthen the legal supervision of private lending is imperative, this but not folk urgent need, also is the government with major economic to solve social problems during the period of eleven years,.2011, Premier Wen Jiabao in Wenzhou research, pointed out that private lending to Standardized management, risk prevention, to promote its healthy development. Therefore, the private lending has not want to legitimate or legal regulation, but how to legalize, how regulatory issues, to promote, guide and standardize the development of private lending, so as to better promote the further development of economic and social China.
The introduction of this article briefly describes the existing research results, the value of the research, the innovation and the research methods.
The first chapter starts from clarifying the concept of private lending, analyzes the status quo of China's private lending, the development of private lending stages are discussed, the new characteristics in the development of private lending, the new trend of the comprehensive summary of the rationality of the existence of private lending from the supply and demand of funds, the characteristics of private lending the three characteristics of current rural community was a strong argument.
On the issue of whether private lending is regulated by law, the second chapter demonstrates the necessity of legal supervision of private lending. Private lending lacks legal supervision, and its disadvantages are becoming increasingly apparent. Overcoming the drawbacks of private lending is necessary for legal supervision of private lending.
The third chapter summarizes the status quo of the legal supervision of private lending, the regulatory problems are explained. First, China's financial supervision and legal althoughmany, but the lack of specialized legal private lending regulation, private lending regulatory no laws. Secondly, private lending long walk to the edge of the law, legal and regulatory problems, not only the lack of legal regulation, no clear regulatory agencies and regulatory procedures; in supervision, coincidence compliance supervision, risk control ability.
The fourth chapter defines the basic ideas of China's private lending legal supervision. To establish the efficiency and fairness into consideration and harmonious unity of freedom and order of the regulatory philosophy, emphasize the compliance supervision and risk supervisioncombined supervision mode; in the regulatory means, should be multi pronged approach, focusing on the prior supervision, and to establish a fair, impartial, open, prudent coordinationand supervision principles.
The fifth chapter puts forward concrete suggestions to establish the regulatory system of private lending laws in our country. At first, the basic legal system, one is to establish and improve relevant laws and regulations of private lending, the two is the deregulation of interest rates, the three is to establish a standard private lending legal supervision mechanism, four is to strengthen market monitoring, five is to support small loan the company and the community, the development of the rural banks. Secondly, in the supporting mechanism, one should set up industry associations, strengthen industry self-discipline supervision; two is the establishment of deposit insurance system; the three is the establishment of social credit system, private lending for both supply and demand of construction objective, impartial social credit platform; the four is to increase the folk finance fiscal and tax support.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.28

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