美国介入中国海洋领土争端研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 19:39

本文关键词：美国介入中国海洋领土争端研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近期,中国与周边有关国家的海洋领土争端呈现激化态势。在东海,中日围绕钓鱼岛的主权归属展开了争锋;在南海,中越和中菲岛屿纷争不断。美国奥巴马政府实施“亚太再平衡战略”以来,积极地介入这些争端。一方面,美国承若美日安保条约适用于钓鱼岛;另一方面,她还从多个层次介入南海争端。面对美国介入中国海洋领土争端,不由产生以下困惑:首先,美国介入争端的方式是什么?其次,美国为什么要介入这些问题,它与“亚太再平衡战略”有什么关系?再次,美国的介入会产生哪些影响?最后,它的介入前景怎样,中国应该怎样应对?结合学界已有研究,本文将试着解析以上问题。除绪论和结论外,正文分为四部分:第一部分,中国海洋领土争端与美国的介入。2010年以来,源于国力的相对衰落、国内问题重重,日本打破中日在钓鱼岛搁置争议的共识,重启钓鱼岛之争。同样,由于担忧中国的迅速崛起,以及借助美国“重返东南亚”战略,东南亚有关国家也开始挑战中国南海有关岛屿的主权。美国积极地介入这些争端,不但应用同盟条约协防钓鱼岛,介入钓鱼岛之争;还从单边、双边和多边层次介入南海争端。由于同盟性质、争端性质以及时间进程等原因,美国介入两处争端的方式存在不同。第二部分,美国介入中国海洋领土争端的动机。冷战后,美国的战略目标是维护美国领导地位,为此她紧盯任何潜在竞争者的出现、占据良好的地缘位置以及保持强大同盟关系。中国的快速崛起和最近的海洋领土争端,作为自变量和干扰变量,给美国的目标维护带来困难。因此,美国介入争端,塑造中国崛起过程,维护自身在亚太的地缘优势和同盟体系,以保持自身的领导地位。第三部分,美国介入中国海洋领土争端的影响。首先,美国介入争端会影响中国维护领土完整的努力,分散中国建设“海洋强国”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的精力。其次,美国介入中国海洋领土争端会加重彼此猜忌,影响“中美新型大国关系”的构建。亚太是全世界最有活力、也是充满挑战的地区,美国介入争端会造成局势不稳影响亚太的和平与发展。第四部分,美国的介入前景与中国的应对。虽然,特朗普上台后不时指责中国,但美国不会改变塑造中国崛起的战略。如果争端继续存在,美国为了自身在亚太的战略目标还会介入争端,但介入的方式和时间由形势决定。对此,中国可以把“稳定争端”与“和平共处”作为近期处理争端以及对美介入的目标。对此,中国可以通过灵活应用“一报还一报”策略,加强非传统安全领域合作以及探讨中美“大交易”的可能性,来应对争端和美国的介入。
[Abstract]:Recently, the maritime territorial dispute between China and the surrounding countries has been intensified. In the East China Sea, China and Japan have launched a dispute over the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands. In the South China Sea, disputes between China and Vietnam and between China and the Philippines continue. The Obama administration has been actively involved in these disputes since the implementation of the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing Strategy." on the one hand, the United States has agreed that the US-Japan security treaty is applicable to the Diaoyu Islands; On the other hand, she also involved in disputes in the South China Sea from many levels. In the face of the United States' involvement in China's maritime territorial disputes, the following puzzles arise: first, what is the way for the United States to intervene in disputes? Second, why should the United States intervene in these issues? what does it have to do with the Asia-Pacific rebalancing Strategy? Third, what will be the impact of American intervention? Finally, what is the prospect of its intervention, and how should China respond? In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into four parts: the first part, China's maritime territorial dispute and the intervention of the United States. Since 2010. Japan has broken the consensus between China and Japan to shelve the dispute over the Diaoyu Islands because of the relative decline of national power and domestic problems. Similarly, it is worried about the rapid rise of China. With the help of the United States' strategy of "returning to Southeast Asia", the countries concerned in Southeast Asia have also begun to challenge the sovereignty of the islands in the South China Sea. The United States has actively intervened in these disputes, not only by using the alliance treaty to assist in the defense of the Diaoyu Islands. Get involved in the Diaoyu Islands; Also from unilateral, bilateral and multilateral levels to intervene in the South China Sea dispute. Because of the nature of the alliance, the nature of the dispute and the time process and other reasons, the United States involved in the two disputes in different ways. Part two. The motive for the United States to intervene in China's maritime territorial dispute. After the Cold War, the strategic goal of the United States was to maintain its leadership position, and for that reason it focused on the emergence of any potential competitors. China's rapid rise and recent maritime territorial disputes, as independent and disruptive variables, make it difficult for the United States to maintain its objectives. The United States intervened in the dispute, molded the process of China's rise, and maintained its geographical superiority and alliance system in the Asia-Pacific region in order to maintain its leading position. The third part, the influence of the United States' intervention in China's maritime territorial dispute. The United States' involvement in the dispute will affect China's efforts to safeguard its territorial integrity and distract China's efforts to build a "maritime power" and a "maritime Silk Road" in 21th century. Us involvement in China's maritime territorial disputes will exacerbate mutual suspicion and affect the construction of a "new type of great power relationship between China and the United States." Asia-Pacific is the most dynamic and challenging region in the world. U.S. involvement in the dispute could cause instability to affect peace and development in the Asia-Pacific region. Part 4th, the prospect of U.S. involvement and China's response, though Trump has criticized China from time to time since taking office. But the United States will not change its strategy to shape China's rise. If the dispute persists, the United States will intervene in the dispute for its own strategic objectives in the Asia-Pacific region, but the manner and timing of intervention will be determined by the situation. China can make "stable disputes" and "peaceful coexistence" the goals of dealing with disputes and intervening in the United States in the near future. In this regard, China can flexibly apply the strategy of "one return for one return." Strengthen cooperation in non-traditional security and explore the possibility of a "big deal" between China and the United States to deal with disputes and U.S. involvement.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D823

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