医疗技术损害责任因果关系证明的现实困境与破解之道

发布时间：2018-02-12 05:21

本文关键词： 医疗技术损害责任因果关系证明标准事案阐明义务摸索证明　出处：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2010年《侵权责任法》的颁布,将医疗侵权责任明细为三种:医疗技术损害责任、医疗伦理损害责任和医疗产品损害责任。三者于司法实践中,以医疗技术损害责任的认定最为棘手,其症结恰在该责任构成之因果关系要件的证明。通过立法分析与实证考察可以得出医疗技术损害责任因果关系证明的现实困境主要表现为:证明对象内涵不一、证明责任负担主体之立法与司法的莫衷一是、患方证明标准过高至举证负担过重、证明责任裁判泛滥。面对上述困局,笔者对域外医疗证明制度进行了深入的研究,并结合我国具体情况,提出了相应的对策:医疗技术损害纠纷中的因果关系在法律上应属相当因果关系;在对证明对象有了明确统一的内涵界定前提下,摒弃现有立法对证明责任寄予“一劳永逸”之不切实际的期待,正确辨析证明责任与举证责任,在坚持因果关系之证明责任由患方承担的同时,以围绕患方之具体举证减负为中心,建构促进因果关系信息最大化的精细配套证明制度——降低患方证明标准并进行有条件的因果关系推定,课予医方事案阐明义务并赋予患方摸索证明。双向调节,共同推进案件信息的明晰。笔者相信,凭借配套制度的合力作用体系性解决医疗技术损害责任因果关系的证明困境,远比仅依赖证明责任制度对该难题的破解,更扎实有效、更现实可行。
[Abstract]:In 2010 the "tort liability law" promulgated, the details of the medical tort liability into three kinds: medical liability, medical ethics and medical malpractice liability product liability for damage. Three in judicial practice, the identification of medical malpractice liability technology difficult to prove, the crux of the problem in the liability of causation the analysis and empirical study. Through the legislative predicament that medical technology can damage liability of proof of causation is mainly as follows: the connotation of the object of proof a proof of the legislative and judicial responsibilities subject unable to agree on which is right of the patient to the high standard of proof burden overweight, the burden of proof the flooding. Face the dilemma, the author of the foreign medical that system is studied, and combined with the specific situation in China, put forward the corresponding countermeasures: the causal relationship between the medical technology damage disputes should be relatively in law When the causal relationship; with the connotation of the object of proof of the unified definition of the premise, to abandon the existing legislation on the burden of proof placed "once and for all" unrealistic expectations, correct discrimination of burden of proof and burden of proof, in the proof of the relationship between adhere to bear the responsibility by the patient at the same time, in order to focus on the specific patient burden of proof as the center, promote the construction of the causal relationship between the information maximization fine supporting proof system to reduce patient standard of proof and presumption of causality conditions, the class to the medical case to clarify the obligations and give patients felt proof. A two-way adjustment, to jointly promote the case information clear. I believe that with the joint force supporting system the system solve the predicament of medical technology causality, far more than only depends on the system of burden of proof of the crack problem, more effective, more realistic.

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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