胎儿利益保护中的损害赔偿研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 06:39

本文关键词： 胎儿胎儿利益损害赔偿请求权　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：胎儿是人生命起始阶段,它与自然人阶段相互联结、前后相继,对胎儿利益进行保护,影响着未来的"人",同时也体现了对生命的敬畏与关怀。现如今,大多数国家已经逐渐重视胎儿利益的保护。随着社会的发展,侵害胎儿利益的事件频繁发生,而我国现行法律未明确规定胎儿利益的损害赔偿请求权,民事立法上的缺乏直接导致在民事司法实践活动中,司法审判人员对这类案件的处理会比较被动。为了最大程度地维护胎儿的利益,胎儿享有损害赔偿请求权就显得尤为重要。本文主要对胎儿利益保护中的损害赔偿进行研究探讨,共分为四部分:第一部分:我国胎儿利益保护中的损害赔偿的现状。该部分主要对我国胎儿利益损害赔偿立法现状与司法实践进行整理总结后,归纳出问题。第二部分:胎儿利益保护中的损害赔偿的理论基础。该部分首先对胎儿相关概念进行界定分析,接着分析胎儿阶段需保护的利益,之后梳理并分析我国胎儿利益保护的基础学说,寻求胎儿利益保护的学说基础,最后就胎儿享有损害赔偿请求权的可行性和必要性进行分析探讨。第三部分:域外国家胎儿利益损害赔偿制度的考察与借鉴。该部分主要对域外国家有关胎儿利益损害赔偿相关制度进行考察,指出我国应借鉴域外优秀司法实践经验及立法成果,实现对胎儿利益保护。第四部分:胎儿利益保护中的损害赔偿的实现。该部分分类探讨胎儿利益损害赔偿请求权具体行使,包括其行使主体、时间以及损害赔偿范围。最后对胎儿利益损害赔偿相关的特殊问题,如父母能否为侵权人、父母的允诺及自甘冒险行为能否为阻却事由,以及胎儿利益与堕胎产生冲突的问题进行研究探讨,希冀能更好地实现胎儿利益损害赔偿请求权,最大限度地维护胎儿的利益。
[Abstract]:Fetus is the initial stage of human life, it is connected with natural person stage, one after the other, protect the foetus' interests, affect the "human" in the future, at the same time, it embodies the reverence and concern for life. Most countries have paid more and more attention to the protection of fetal interests. With the development of society, infringing on fetal interests occurs frequently. However, the current law of our country has not clearly stipulated the right to claim damages for fetal interests. The lack of civil legislation directly leads to the relatively passive handling of such cases by judicial judges in civil judicial practice. In order to protect the interests of the fetus to the greatest extent, It is particularly important for the fetus to have the right to claim damages. It is divided into four parts: the first part: the present situation of damage compensation in the protection of fetal interests in our country. The second part: the theoretical basis of compensation for damage in the protection of fetal interests. This part defines and analyzes the related concepts of the fetus, and then analyzes the interests to be protected in the fetal stage. Then combing and analyzing the basic theory of the protection of fetal interests in our country, seeking the theoretical basis of protecting the interests of the fetus, Finally, the feasibility and necessity of fetal claim for damage compensation are analyzed and discussed. Part three: the investigation and reference of fetal interest compensation system in foreign countries. This part is mainly concerned with fetal interests in foreign countries. The relevant system of compensation for profit and damage shall be investigated, It is pointed out that our country should draw lessons from foreign excellent judicial practice and legislative achievements to realize the protection of fetal interests. Part 4th: the realization of compensation for damage in the protection of fetal interests. This part classifies and discusses the specific exercise of the right to claim for compensation for damage to fetal interests. Including its exercise subject, time and scope of compensation for damages. Finally, the special problems related to compensation for damage to the interests of the fetus, such as whether the parents can be infringers, whether the parents' promise and willingness to take risks can be the reasons for hindering, It is hoped that the right of claim for compensation for fetal interest damage can be better realized and the interests of fetus should be safeguarded to the maximum extent through research and discussion on the conflict between fetal interests and abortion.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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