劳动争议举证责任研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 09:28

本文关键词： 劳动争议举证责任劳动法　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：劳动关系之变化,势必导致新型的劳动纠纷层出不穷,随之引发的劳动争议案件也在不断增加。如何能够更好解决劳动争议,保护劳资双方的合法权益日趋重要。如今,劳动者的法律维权意识逐渐地提高,面对用人单位侵权事件,劳动者不再沉默,而是选择法律手段维护自己的合法权益。劳动争议双方当事人各执一词,需要有利的证据支持自己的诉讼请求,而举证责任的分配关乎着其诉求能否得以实现。处理劳动争议的司法实践中往往将民事争议举证责任规则直接适用到劳动纠纷之中,但劳动争议具有其自身的特殊性,若是片面地将民事争议举证规制适用到劳动争议案件,无法使纠纷得到根本性到解决,劳资双方具有一定的隶属性,在能力上存在着一定的差距。基于此,本文对劳动争议举证责任制度进行探究分析,主要内容分为三个部分:首先对劳动争议概念、特殊性以及劳动争议举证责任特殊性及立法需求进行阐述,梳理目前我国关于劳动争议举证责任学说。本文认为劳动争议案件与普通的民事争议案件不同,其一,适用范围不同,劳动争议案件适用范围更广;其二,举证责任分配存在着差异;其三,劳动争议当事人地位不平等;其四,劳动争议案件具有一定的独立性。阐述分析了完全举证责任倒置说、部分举证责任倒置说、证明责任的可分割理论,与此同时,对不同学说要点进行介绍,如大陆法系的法律要件学说、英美法系的利益平衡说、按照待证事实分类原则分配举证责任,为劳动争议举证责任分配规制的建设提供借鉴作用。其次,对劳动争议举证责任的现状及其问题进行总结,通过对劳动争议典型案例进行分析,试得出目前劳动争议举证责任中存在的不足之处。列举具体的劳动争议案件,通过对劳动争议案件举证责任情况进行深入的分析,认为目前劳动争议举证责任面临的困境主要包括三个方面:其一,劳动争议诉讼举证责任分配缺乏明确的指导原则;其二,我国民事诉讼法对劳动争议诉讼举证责任分配制度存在不足之处,例如劳动争议举证责任定位不合理,现行关于劳动争议举证责任分配的规定过于笼统、操作性不强,现行立法规定不能满足劳动争议诉讼举证责任分配的需要;其三,“谁主张,谁举证”被无限扩张式的应用。最后,确定劳动争议举证责任完善对策,阐述劳动争议举证责任立法完善的必要性,其一,明确劳动争议举证责任立法完善的价值取向,建议其要从程序公正和程序效益两个角度出发。其二,确定劳动争议举证责任阶段化分配制度,合理定位劳动争议举证责任分配制度,分类确立劳动争议诉讼举证责任规范。其三,完善劳动争议举证责任相关配套政策,建议要完善劳动争议代理费用补助制度、法院协助调查通知书制度、改善劳动合作制度、完善法律对企业基本管理制度的规定以及建立劳动争议诉讼举证责任的推定制度。完善劳动争议举证责任制度规制,公平、公正解决劳动争议案件,能够更好地的保证司法效率。
[Abstract]:The change of labor relations, will inevitably lead to new labor disputes emerge in an endless stream, resulting in the labor dispute cases are increasing. How to better solve labor disputes, protect the legitimate rights and interests of both parties are becoming more and more important. Now, the workers of the legal rights consciousness gradually improve, in the face of employer violations, people are no longer silent, but the choice of the legal means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests of the labor dispute. Both parties need favorable evidence to support each one sticks to his argument, their litigation request, and the allocation of the burden of proof about the appeal can be realized. The judicial practice of dealing with labor disputes are civil disputes rules of burden of proof directly applicable to labor disputes, but has a special labor dispute of its own, if one-sided civil dispute proof regulation applicable to the labor dispute cases, not to dispute A fundamental solution, both sides have attached some of the attributes in the ability, there is a certain gap. Based on this, this paper carried out the system of liability of labor dispute the burden of study, the main content is divided into three parts: firstly, the concept of labor dispute, labor dispute and the particularity of the burden of proof and special legislative requirements this review, at present our country about the labor dispute the burden of proof theory. This paper argues that the labor dispute cases and ordinary civil dispute cases, the applicable scope, different scope of labor dispute cases is wider; second, differences in the distribution of the burden of proof; thirdly, the unequal status of the parties in the labor dispute; fourth, labor dispute cases have a certain degree of independence. The paper analyzes completely the burden of proof, part of the burden of proof, the burden of proof can be divided theory, at the same time, the students Said key points were introduced, such as the theory of law of continental law system, the balance of interests of the Anglo American law system, according to the facts to be proved the classification principle of the allocation of the burden, provide reference for the construction of labor disputes in the allocation of the burden of proof regulations. Secondly, summarize the current situation and problems of the labor dispute the burden of proof, the labor dispute case the analysis of the insufficiency, can try the responsibility of burden of proof in the labor dispute. The detailed labor dispute cases, through in-depth analysis of the labor dispute cases the burden of proof, the burden of proof that the current labor dispute predicament mainly includes three aspects: first, the labor dispute lawsuit burden of proof lack of clear guiding principle; second, the Civil Procedure Law of our country there are inadequacies of the labor dispute lawsuit system of allocating the burden of proof, such as labor dispute proof Responsibility is not reasonable, the regulations on labor disputes in the allocation of the burden of proof is too general, operability is not strong, the current legislation can not meet the needs of the labor dispute lawsuit burden of proof; thirdly, "who advocates, who the burden of proof is the unlimited expansion of application". The type, determine the responsibility of labor dispute proof countermeasures, this the necessity of perfecting the legislation of labor dispute the burden of the labor dispute the burden of proof, clear value orientation of the legislation, the suggestions from two perspectives of procedural justice and procedural benefit. Secondly, determine the distribution system of labor dispute the burden of proof, reasonable positioning of the labor dispute the burden distribution system, establish the classification of labor dispute lawsuit the burden of proof standard. Third, improve the responsibility of labor dispute proof related policies, suggestions to improve the labor dispute agency fee subsidy system, to help the court Check the notice system, improve the labor cooperation system, perfecting the legal provisions of the basic management system of enterprises and the establishment of the labor dispute lawsuit system of presumption of burden of proof. Perfecting the system of liability of labor dispute proof regulation, fairness, justice to resolve labor disputes, to ensure judicial efficiency better.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.591

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