刑事电子数据收集

发布时间：2018-03-09 20:24

本文选题：电子数据　切入点：收集　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在电子信息技术持续发展的同时,其中具有代表性的互联网与电子计算机技术也不断普及,并被广泛地应用于社会的各个领域。在司法领域,持续性的出现各种类型的“电子化”案件,电子数据也逐步多样化。电子数据指的是由电子信息技术结合法律所出现的新型证据,就司法领域而言,其发挥着愈加重要的影响与作用。在我国2012年《刑事诉讼法》中确定了电子数据作为新的刑事证据种类后,2016年9月最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部共同发布了《有关办理刑事案件收集提取与审查判断电子数据若干问题的规定》(简称《刑事电子数据规定》),对刑事案件中电子数据的收集、审查以及运用等方面做出了一系列的规定,这是三机关首次以司法解释方式对某一类刑事证据做出了特别规范。由此更加可见,电子数据即将成为信息时代的“证据之王”。然而事物总是存在两面性。电子数据在查明犯罪事实、打击犯罪、维护正义的同时,由于电子数据收集方式的特殊性,极易侵犯公民的合法权利,如财产权、隐私权、通讯自由以及通讯秘密权等,加上现行法律规定不完善,以及侦查人员对公民隐私权、通讯自由、通讯秘密权的保护意识淡薄,在刑事电子数据收集过程中公民相关合法权利很难得到保障。本文在对电子数据、电子数据收集的相关基础理论进行介绍的基础上,具体阐述了刑事电子数据收集过程与公民合法权利的冲突以及冲突原因,然后比较借鉴了域外国家和地区的相关制度后,如令状制度、电子通讯监控制度等,从刑事电子数据收集主体、收集原则、收集措施以及相关救济机制四个方面,对在权利保障视野下构建我国刑事电子数据收集制度提出了一定的建议,希望通过该制度达到平衡收集措施与公民合法权利之间冲突的目的。
[Abstract]:Along with the continuous development of electronic information technology, the representative Internet and computer technology are also popularized and widely used in all fields of society. The continuous emergence of various types of "electronic" cases, and the gradual diversification of electronic data. Electronic data refers to new forms of evidence emerging from the combination of electronic information technology and the law, as far as the field of justice is concerned, In 2012, China's Criminal procedure Law established electronic data as a new type of criminal evidence. In September 2016, the Supreme people's Court, the Supreme people's Procuratorate, The Ministry of Public Security has jointly issued the provisions on collecting, extracting, examining and judging some problems of Electronic data in Criminal cases (referred to as "provisions on Electronic Criminal data") to collect electronic data in criminal cases. A series of regulations have been made in the aspects of examination and application. This is the first time that the three organs have made special norms on a certain type of criminal evidence by way of judicial interpretation. Electronic data is about to become the "king of evidence" in the information age. However, there are always two sides to things. While electronic data find out the facts of crime, crack down on crime and safeguard justice, due to the particularity of electronic data collection, It is extremely easy to violate the legal rights of citizens, such as property right, privacy right, communication freedom and communication secret right, and so on. Besides, the existing laws and regulations are not perfect, and investigators have weak awareness of the protection of citizens' right to privacy, communication freedom and communication secrets. In the process of criminal electronic data collection, it is difficult to guarantee the relevant legal rights of citizens. The conflict between the process of criminal electronic data collection and the legal rights of citizens and the causes of the conflict are expounded in detail, and then the relevant systems of foreign countries and regions, such as writ system, electronic communication monitoring system and so on, are compared and used for reference. From four aspects of criminal electronic data collection subject, collection principle, collection measures and relevant relief mechanism, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of criminal electronic data collection system in the field of rights protection. Through this system, we hope to balance the conflict between the collection measures and the legal rights of citizens.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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