论中国政府与慈善组织的关系

发布时间：2018-04-09 16:13

本文选题：慈善　切入点：慈善组织　出处：《陕西师范大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：慈善事业是移富济贫的事业，它主要通过志愿捐赠的方式来实现较富有的阶层帮助较贫困的阶层，进而推动社会公正和公平的实现。中华民族具有悠久的慈善文化和传统，在新的历史条件下，大力推进慈善事业的发展对于促进我国社会的和谐发展和人的全面发展具有重要意义。近年来，随着我国慈善事业的渐进发展，对慈善问题的研究也成为理论界关注的一个新的课题。但总体来看，对这一课题的研究在我国还处在起步阶段，特别是对政府与慈善事业互动关系的研究成果还不多见。基于此，本文试图从政府与慈善事业的关系入手，深入分析中国慈善事业的特点和优势，在此基础上探究双方实现互动伙伴关系的理想与现实，并就如何借鉴发达国家发展慈善事业的成功经验来促进我国慈善事业的发展提出一些建设性的对策思路。本文由导言、正文、结语组成，正文由三个部分组成。第一部分，，中国慈善事业的理论分析与历史发展。首先概述了慈善、慈善组织和慈善事业的含义及中国慈善事业的发展历程，并着重对1990年代后期从政府部门内部分化出来的当代慈善组织产生的动力机制和制度基础进行了研究，进而分析了中国慈善事业和慈善组织的特点和性质及发展慈善事业的意义，为第二部分阐述慈善事业与政府发展的互动合作伙伴关系做了铺垫。第二部分，中国慈善组织与政府的互动伙伴关系。首先研究了国外政府—非营利组织关系的四种基本类型，发现用它们来解释中国慈善组织与政府的关系显然是不合理的，认为中国慈善组织与政府将有可能形成一种互动的合作伙伴关系。文章从政府、市场、第三部门相互依赖理论和福利多元化理论出发，联系发展慈善事业的巨大意义和慈善事业发展所面临的前所未有的历史机遇，结合中国社会政治、经济、文化条件和社会结构变化的现实为慈善事业发展提供的有利条件，阐述了慈善组织与政府发展互动合作伙伴关系的理想，同时也对慈善组织与政府这一关系过程中存在的问题进行了分析，认为目前慈善组织数量小，组织能力和影响力低下，先进慈善文化发育不成熟，慈善组织发展壮大的法律和制度供给不足，政府在慈善事业发展中作为的不确定性等客观因素的存在，也是慈善组织与政府形成互动伙伴关系过程中必须高度重视的现实问题。第三部分，发展中国慈善事业的目标与路径探析。在借鉴现代发达国家慈善事业发展的成功经验的基础上，分别从建立健全各类慈善组织、推进慈善制度创新、加强慈善立法和政策落实、培育现代慈善文化和加强慈善组织能力建设五个
[Abstract]:Charity is the cause of moving the rich to help the poor. It is mainly realized by voluntary donation to help the poorer class and then to promote the realization of social justice and equity.The Chinese nation has a long history of charitable culture and tradition. Under the new historical conditions, it is of great significance to promote the harmonious development of our society and the all-round development of human beings.In recent years, with the gradual development of philanthropy in China, the study of philanthropy has become a new topic of theoretical concern.But in general, the research on this subject is still in its infancy in China, especially on the interaction between government and charity.Based on this, this paper attempts to analyze the characteristics and advantages of Chinese philanthropy from the perspective of the relationship between the government and charity, and then explores the ideal and reality of realizing the interactive partnership between the two sides.It also puts forward some constructive countermeasures on how to learn from the successful experience of developing philanthropy in developed countries to promote the development of philanthropy in China.This paper consists of introduction, text and conclusion, and the text is composed of three parts.The first part is the theoretical analysis and historical development of Chinese philanthropy.First of all, it outlines the meaning of charity, charitable organizations and philanthropy, as well as the development of Chinese philanthropy.It also focuses on the dynamic mechanism and institutional basis of the contemporary charitable organizations, which were divided from the government departments in the late 1990s.Then it analyzes the characteristics and nature of philanthropy and charity organizations in China and the significance of developing philanthropy. It lays the groundwork for the second part to expound the interactive partnership between charity and government development.The second part is the interactive partnership between Chinese charitable organizations and the government.This paper first studies four basic types of the relationship between foreign governments and non-profit organizations, and finds that it is obviously unreasonable to use them to explain the relationship between Chinese charitable organizations and the government.It is believed that Chinese charitable organizations and the government will have the possibility to form an interactive partnership.Based on the theory of mutual dependence of government, market and third sector and the theory of welfare diversification, the article combines the great significance of developing philanthropy and the unprecedented historical opportunity for the development of charity, and combines the social politics and economy of China.The cultural conditions and the reality of the change in social structure provide favorable conditions for the development of philanthropy, expounding the ideal of an interactive partnership between charitable organizations and governments.At the same time, it also analyzes the problems existing in the process of the relationship between charitable organizations and the government, and holds that the number of charity organizations is small, the organization ability and influence are low, and the advanced charitable culture is not mature.The lack of legal and institutional supply for the development and expansion of charitable organizations and the existence of objective factors such as the uncertainty of the government in the development of charity are also the practical problems that must be attached great importance to in the process of forming an interactive partnership between the charitable organizations and the government.The third part, the goal and the path analysis of the development of philanthropy in China.On the basis of drawing lessons from the successful experiences of the development of philanthropy in modern developed countries, we should establish and perfect various charitable organizations, promote the innovation of charity system, and strengthen the implementation of charitable legislation and policies.Fostering Modern Charitable Culture and strengthening the capacity Building of Charitable organizations
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D632.9

【引证文献】