国际航空事故中旅客人身损害赔偿法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 19:21

本文选题：航空事故 + 人身损害赔偿　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,伴随着航空运输业的高速发展,航空事故发生的概率也有所增加,发生航空事故后,我们在为遇难者感到痛惜的同时,最应该做好的就是对伤者和遇难者家属的帮助,这就会涉及到旅客的赔偿问题,本文研究的就是其中的旅客人身损害赔偿问题。在分析国际航空事故中旅客人身损害赔偿问题前,笔者先对此问题进行以下界定,首先本文仅涉及乘坐航空公司飞机的旅客损害赔偿,区别于飞机对地(水)面第三人的损害赔偿。其次,本文仅探讨旅客人身损害赔偿,区别于旅客行李、托运货物损害赔偿。最后,本文探讨的赔偿主体仅涉及承运人,不包括保险公司等其他赔偿主体。通过以上界定,实际上是将国际航空事故中旅客人身损害赔偿问题的范围进行限缩,以方便对问题的理解。本文正文部分可分为以下五个部分:第一部分主要为引言,通过阐述选题背景及意义,介绍国内外目前对此问题研究的现状,提出创新点和研究方法。第二部分为国际航空事故中旅客人身损害赔偿概述。在结合国际公约和国外实践的基础上,阐述国际运输、航空事故以及国际公约下人身损害概念的含义,并提出自己的理解。此外,在本章结尾部分介绍国外旅客人身损害赔偿与我国现状作对比。第三部分为国际航空事故中旅客人身损害赔偿管辖权的论述。首先对《华沙公约》中规定的四种管辖权以及《蒙特利尔公约》中新增的第五管辖权进行分析,然后提出当管辖权出现积极冲突时的处理方法,即不方便法院原则,最后以包头空难案为例,探讨我国管辖权与公约管辖权的规定及对不方便法院原则的适用。第四部分为航空承运人的责任。开篇先结合侵权责任、违约责任、侵权责任与违约责任竞合三种学说对旅客人身损害赔偿责任性质进行界定。其次,从国际公约和国内法两个角度分别对赔偿责任的归责原则、责任限额、抗辩事由进行分析。第五部分主要为我国国际航空事故人身损害赔偿法律制度的不足与完善,文章先从法律规制的角度切入,具体从国际运输公约在我国的适用和我国《民用航空法》的规定两方面进行阐述,引出我国航空事故中旅客人身损害赔偿制度存在的四个问题,并对存在的有关问题提出完善建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the air transport industry, the probability of aviation accidents has also increased. After an aviation accident, while we deplore the victims, what we should do best is to help the injured and the families of the victims.This will involve the problem of passenger compensation, which is studied in this paper.Before analyzing the problem of compensation for personal injury of passengers in international aviation accidents, the author defines the problem as follows. Firstly, this paper only deals with the compensation for damage to passengers who fly by airlines.Compensation for damages distinguished from the third person on the plane to the ground (water).Secondly, this paper only discusses the compensation for personal injury, which is different from baggage and consignment damages.Finally, the subject of compensation is only concerned with carrier, not insurance company and other indemnification subjects.Through the above definition, the scope of compensation for personal injury of passengers in international aviation accidents is actually limited, in order to facilitate the understanding of the problem.The text of this paper can be divided into the following five parts: the first part is the introduction, through the introduction of the background and significance of the topic, introduce the current situation of domestic and foreign research on this issue, put forward innovative points and research methods.The second part is a summary of personal injury compensation for passengers in international aviation accidents.On the basis of international conventions and foreign practice, this paper expounds the meaning of the concepts of international transportation, aviation accidents and personal injury under international conventions, and puts forward its own understanding.In addition, at the end of this chapter, the author introduces the compensation for personal injury of foreign tourists and compares it with the present situation in China.The third part is the international aviation accident passenger personal injury compensation jurisdiction.First of all, an analysis is made of the four jurisdictions provided for in the Warsaw Convention and the fifth jurisdiction added to the Montreal Convention, and then it is proposed that when there is a positive conflict of jurisdiction, that is, the principle of inconvenient courts,Finally, taking Baotou air disaster as an example, this paper discusses the provisions of jurisdiction and convention jurisdiction in China and its application to the principle of inconvenient courts.The fourth part is the responsibility of the air carrier.In the beginning, the author defines the nature of liability for personal injury by combining three theories: tort liability, liability for breach of contract, liability for tort and concurrence of liability for breach of contract.Secondly, from the angle of international convention and domestic law, the principle of liability imputation, the limitation of liability and the reason of defense are analyzed respectively.The fifth part is mainly for our country international aviation accident personal injury compensation legal system insufficiency and the consummation, the article first from the legal regulation angle cuts into,From two aspects of the application of international transport conventions in China and the provisions of China's Civil Aviation Law, four problems existing in the system of compensation for personal injury of passengers in air accidents in China are introduced.And puts forward the consummation suggestion to the existence related question.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997

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