动物园动物致害侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 07:14

本文选题：动物园动物 + 致害责任　；参考：《中国政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文对动物园动物致害进行了法律探究,希冀通过分析动物园动物范围、归责原则及适用等内容,提出完善我国动物园动物致人损害侵权责任问题的相关建议,确保《侵权责任法》对于受害者的保护更为科学有力,也使得动物园替代责任的承担更为公平合理。本文探究动物园动物致人损害侵权责任的相关法律问题如下:第一部分,主要阐述动物、饲养的动物、野生动物、动物园等相关研究对象的内涵与法律地位,通过与饲养的动物、野生动物的定义与范围的比较与区分,明确动物园动物的法律界定范围及法律地位定性。第二部分,从侵权归责原则、侵权损害赔偿、过错责任原则等角度分析了动物园动物致害侵权归责的民法理念;同时,从侵权归责、理论基础、价值目标、法的功能体现等维度归纳出动物园动物致害侵权归责的法理渊源,以详细、系统地分析动物园动物致害侵权适用过错推定归责原则的思想与理论渊源,并概括出动物园动物致害侵权归责所体现的法的制裁、预防、填补、保护等功能。第三部分,进一步论述我国动物园动物致人损害侵权适用过错推定责任原则下的构成要件特征与具体构要件、举证责任特征与举证内容、抗辩事由及法定免责的具体情形、赔偿范围的一般与特殊情形等具体内容。并且,联系实际并结合现行具体案例,分析动物园动物致人损害侵权责任承担的法定免责事由与其它抗辩事由。第四部分,结合现行立法规范及司法实践现状与不足,从立法规范及实务配套层面,通过明确动物园动物的定义与范围、明晰动物园动物致害侵权的责任主体的细分、构建动物园动物致害侵权责任归责原则多元化、建立健全如动物园安全保障、商业保险运作配套、动物园动物致害侵权救助基金等动物园动物致害侵权责任保障机制等途径探讨并提出对动物园动物致人损害侵权责任规制完善的措施与操作建议。最后,总结归纳全文,并立足于人与自然的和谐、可持续发展,呼吁社会关注并解决动物园动物致害侵权责任的问题。
[Abstract]:This article has carried on the legal research to the zoo animal harm, hoped through the analysis zoo animal scope, the imputation principle and the application and so on content, proposed consummates our country zoo animal to cause the human harm the tort liability question related suggestion, To ensure that the Tort liability Act is more scientific and effective for the protection of victims, it also makes it more equitable and reasonable for zoos to take on alternative responsibilities. This paper explores the legal issues related to the liability of animal damage to human beings as follows: the first part mainly expounds the connotation and legal status of animals, animals, wildlife, zoos and other related research objects. By comparing and differentiating the definition and scope of animals and wild animals, the legal definition and legal status of zoo animals are defined. In the second part, from the angle of tort imputation principle, tort damage compensation, fault liability principle and so on, this paper analyzes the concept of civil law of tort liability for animal injury in zoos, at the same time, from the perspective of tort imputation, theoretical foundation, value target, etc. The functional embodiment of law and other dimensions induces the legal origin of the liability for animal injury infringement in zoos, and analyzes in detail the thought and theoretical origin of the principle of presumption of fault imputation for animal injury infringement in zoos. The functions of punishment, prevention, compensation, protection and so on are summarized. In the third part, the author further discusses the characteristics of constitutive elements and specific elements, the characteristics of burden of proof and the content of proof, the reasons of defense and the specific circumstances of legal exemption under the principle of presumption of fault liability for the infringement of human beings caused by animals in zoos in China. The scope of compensation in general and special circumstances and other specific content. In addition, combined with the actual situation and the current cases, this paper analyzes the legal exemption and other defenses of the liability for human damage caused by zoo animals. The fourth part, combined with the current legislative norms and the current situation and deficiencies of judicial practice, from the legislative norms and practical supporting level, through the clear definition and scope of zoo animals, to clarify the division of the main body of liability for animal harm infringement in zoos. The principle of liability for animal damage infringement should be diversified, such as zoo safety guarantee and commercial insurance operation. This paper discusses and puts forward some measures and operational suggestions on how to perfect the regulation of tort liability for animal damage caused by zoo animals, such as the zoo animal tort relief fund and other ways such as the safeguard mechanism of the zoo animal tort liability for the damage caused by the zoo animal. Finally, this paper summarizes the full text, and based on the harmony between man and nature, sustainable development, appeals to the community to pay attention to and solve the problem of animal tort liability in zoos.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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