论法治指数及其完善

发布时间：2018-04-23 10:30

本文选题：法治 + 实践　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2005年,世界银行在《国别财富报告》中首次正式提出“法治指数”这一概念。随后,法治指数作为一种用于评价一个国家或地区法治状态的重要工具,越来越受到各国政府和学者的青睐。近年来,由于我国的法治建设不断深化,学术界和实务界就“法治指数”的相关问题也进行了深入的研究与探讨。建立一套评估指标体系,运用具体的数值来客观评价当代中国法治化程度,显然是一种有益的尝试。而如何认真理性地对待“法治指数”,如何科学稳妥地进行“法治指数”实践,使指数评估成为一种检视我国法治现状的创新制度,自然也成为一个非常有价值的研究方向。法治指数作为一个发展中的新生事物,出现在人们视野中的时间较短,因而,学术界对法治指数的概念界定还相对模糊。于是,本文首先对法治指数的概念进行界定。同时,对其与“法治评估”、“法治指标体系”这两个概念进行了区分。笔者认为建立一套完备的法治指标体系是进行法治评估的首要步骤。而法治指数是法治评估的一种具体实践形式,它最终以一个数值的方式来表现评估的结果。其次,在厘清概念的基础上,本文对法治指数建构的合理性作了进一步的探讨。既然法治指数实践活动方兴未艾,那么,它必然有着内在深刻的合理性。无论从法治内涵的可分性、价值基础的统一性还是从实证主义方法的支撑等维度,都可以为法治指数构建的合理性作出考证。法治内涵的可分性决定了法治要素的可提取性,进而才使得法治评估指标体系的建立具有了可能。实证主义研究的兴起,又为法治指数的数量计算提供了科学的方法。而从价值哲学的视角也可以论证法治指数建构的合理性。法治指数虽然有着自身无法避免的局限性,但在法治价值相对统一的前提下,其作为一种测量工具,也完全可以发挥它的正面导向作用。国内外法治指数实践的热潮,更是印证了对法治进行指数化评估是一种行得通的做法。但是,法治指数毕竟是一个“舶来品”,它在与中国的环境对接时,依然面临着诸多的问题,如:法治内容的不确定,导致了评估标准的繁杂;数据来源缺乏一定的可靠性、评估主体的非独立性都让法治指数的可信度降低。最后,基于前述问题的分析,本文从“观念—顶层设计—具体的运行制度”三个层面来对我国法治指数的完善提出建议。法治指数代表的并不单单是一个数值,而是一种认识法治的思维方式,一种在实践中解读法治的方式手段。它最终的落脚点在于推动我国法治的健康发展。
[Abstract]:In 2005, the World Bank put forward the concept of "Rule of Law Index" for the first time in the country Wealth report. Subsequently, as an important tool to evaluate the rule of law in a country or region, the rule of law index is more and more favored by governments and scholars. In recent years, due to the deepening of the construction of the rule of law in our country, the academic and practical circles have also carried on the thorough research and the discussion to the related question of "rule of law index". It is a beneficial attempt to establish a set of evaluation index system and to objectively evaluate the degree of rule of law in contemporary China by using specific numerical values. And how to treat "index of rule of law" seriously and rationally, how to carry out practice of "index of rule of law" scientifically and steadily, so that index evaluation becomes a kind of innovative system to examine the present situation of rule of law in our country, naturally it also becomes a very valuable research direction. As a new thing in development, the index of rule of law appears in people's field of vision for a short time, so the definition of index of rule of law in academic circles is relatively vague. Therefore, this article first carries on the definition to the rule of law index. At the same time, it distinguishes it from the concept of "evaluation of rule of law" and "index system of rule of law". The author thinks that establishing a complete index system of rule of law is the first step to evaluate the rule of law. The index of rule of law is a kind of concrete practice form of rule of law evaluation, and it expresses the result of evaluation in a numerical way. Secondly, on the basis of clarifying the concept, this paper makes a further discussion on the rationality of the construction of the index of rule of law. Since the practice of the index of rule of law is in the ascendant, it must have inherent and profound rationality. Whether from the separability of the connotation of the rule of law, the unity of the value basis or the support of the positivism method, we can make a textual research on the rationality of the construction of the index of the rule of law. The separability of the connotation of the rule of law determines the extractability of the elements of the rule of law, which makes the establishment of the evaluation index system of the rule of law possible. The rise of positivism provides a scientific method for the quantitative calculation of index of rule of law. From the perspective of value philosophy, we can also demonstrate the rationality of the construction of the index of rule of law. Although the index of the rule of law has its own limitations, it can also play a positive guiding role as a measuring tool under the premise of the relative unity of the value of the rule of law. The upsurge of index practice at home and abroad confirms that it is feasible to evaluate the rule of law indexed. However, the rule of law index is after all an "imported product". It still faces many problems when it comes to the environment of China. For example, the uncertainty of the content of the rule of law leads to the complexity of the evaluation criteria, and the lack of reliability of the data sources. The non-independence of the evaluation subject reduces the credibility of the rule of law index. Finally, based on the analysis of the above problems, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the perfection of the index of rule of law in our country from the three aspects of "concept-top level design-concrete operating system". The index of rule of law represents not only a numerical value, but also a way of thinking to understand the rule of law and a way to interpret the rule of law in practice. Its ultimate goal is to promote the healthy development of our country's rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.0

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