清代刑讯制约机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 19:35

本文选题：清代 + 刑讯　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“刑讯”一词根植于中国法律的传统,伴随了中国封建社会的全过程。自先秦时期的初步萌芽,到秦汉时期的快速成长,再到唐宋时期的逐步成熟,最后到清末时期的形式上灭亡,刑讯走过了几千年的历史。在漫长的历史演化进程中,“刑讯”逐步地由一种野蛮的行为演变成一项相对成熟的制度。自从有了法律来规定“刑讯”这一行为以来,“刑讯”便被收进了规范化的牢笼。事实上,刑讯行为的规范化,也意味着刑讯行为的受制约性,这是由法律规定的性质来决定的。为了探究刑讯行为的受制约性,本文拟选取清代这一独具特色的朝代,从清代的法律规定入手一探究竟。本文将分为五个部分。第一部分主要梳理了清以前各朝代对刑讯的制约状况进行简要的概述,通过对制约刑讯的历史渊源进行探究,以为后文讲述清代对刑讯的制约做铺垫。第二部分重点探讨了清代加强对刑讯制约的原因,其中既有社会思想方面的原因,也有刑讯制度本身的原因;既是清代在吸取明代灭亡教训的基础上做出的正确选择,同时也是统治者稳定统治秩序的需要。第三部分主要从清代律法规定入手深度剖析其对于刑讯的具体约束,研究的角度主要有刑讯的条件、对象、实施主体、时间、工具以及违法刑讯的责任等,贯穿了刑讯实施的各个方面,从而形成了一个严密的制约体系。第四部分主要论述了清代有关刑讯的立法规范在司法实践中的具体运行状况,虽然清代对刑讯的实施做出了详细的法律规范,但是司法实践中的效果却不尽如意,出现了司法实践与制度设计相背离的趋势,这一部分主要阐述了这种背离的表现、结果及其背离的原因。第五部分主要对清代的刑讯制约机制进行的思考,其中既反思了清代刑讯的司法实践背离了其立法规范的原因,也反思了对当今司法制度的影响,以期为当今司法实践中刑讯逼供现象的彻底根除提供一剂良方。
[Abstract]:The word "torture" was rooted in the tradition of Chinese law and accompanied the whole process of Chinese feudal society. From the initial germination of the pre-Qin period to the rapid growth of the Qin and Han dynasties, to the gradual maturity of the Tang and Song dynasties, and finally to the formal extinction of the late Qing Dynasty, torture has gone through thousands of years of history. In the long historical evolution process, torture gradually evolved from a barbarous behavior into a relatively mature system. Since the existence of the law to regulate "torture", "torture" has been accepted into a standardized cage. In fact, the standardization of acts of torture also means that the acts of torture are restricted, which is determined by the nature of the law. In order to explore the restriction of torture, this paper chooses the Qing Dynasty as a unique dynasty, starting with the legal provisions of the Qing Dynasty. This paper will be divided into five parts. The first part mainly combs each dynasty before the Qing Dynasty to torture the restriction condition to carry on the brief summary, through to restrict the torture the historical origin to carry on the exploration, for later article narrates the Qing Dynasty to restrict to the torture to make the cushion. The second part focuses on the reasons for the Qing Dynasty to strengthen the restriction on torture, including the social and ideological reasons, as well as the causes of the torture system itself, which is the correct choice made by the Qing Dynasty on the basis of drawing lessons from the death of the Ming Dynasty. At the same time, it is also the need for rulers to stabilize the ruling order. The third part mainly analyzes the specific restriction to torture from the law stipulation of Qing Dynasty. The research angle mainly includes the condition, object, subject of execution, time, tool and responsibility of illegal torture, etc. Through all aspects of the implementation of torture, thus forming a strict system of constraints. The fourth part mainly discusses the specific operation of the Qing Dynasty's legislation on torture in judicial practice, although the Qing Dynasty made a detailed legal norms on the implementation of torture, but the effect of judicial practice is not satisfactory. There is a trend of deviation between judicial practice and system design. This part mainly expounds the performance, results and reasons of the deviation. The fifth part mainly reflects on the restriction mechanism of torture in Qing Dynasty, which not only reflects on the reasons why the judicial practice deviates from its legislative norms, but also reflects on the influence on the current judicial system. In order to provide a good prescription to eradicate the phenomenon of extorting confessions by torture in judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D929

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