论我国终身监禁制度

发布时间：2018-06-05 02:11

  本文选题：终身监禁 + 贪污受贿　； 参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：终身监禁制度是由西方“life imprisonment”翻译而来。2015年,我国《刑法修正案(九)》第383条第一次将终身监禁写入我国法律条文。从世界范围来看,终身监禁制度有两种类型:一是可以假释的终身监禁;二是不可假释的终身监禁。在不同的国家规定不尽相同。我国终身监禁制度只适用于贪污受贿罪且不可减刑、假释。本文从终身监禁制度的起源开始介绍,将国外终身监禁制度和我国进行了对比,分析了该制度在我国的现状和争议,对该制度的完善提出了自己的建议。论文主体由四部分构成。第一部分是对终身监禁制度的概述。介绍了该制度的概念、特征和种类。从该制度起源开始谈起,追溯到了贝卡里亚第一次提出的死刑存废,并指出终身监禁并不只有其表面上所表示出的意思,即终身不得获取自由。在不同国家,还存在可以减刑、假释的终身监禁制度。除了介绍该制度的起源和其他国家的现状,对我国不可减刑、假释的终身监禁制度也作出了重点介绍,并分析了该制度和无期徒刑之间的关系。在该部分的最后对终身监禁制度的种类进行了介绍,包括有假释的终身监禁和无假释的终身监禁两种类型。第二部分是与终身监禁制度相关的比较法研究。我国终身监禁制度刚刚起步,尚处于萌芽状态,还存在很多不足之处。而西方国家的终身监禁制度较为成熟,本章通过对欧洲国家和美国终身监禁制度对比研究,借鉴他们的优势,进一步完善我国终身监禁制度。第三部分是对我国终身监禁制度现状和争议的阐述。我国关于终身监禁的相关法律规范较少,到目前为止,终身监禁案例也只有三个。该部分主要介绍了终身监禁第一人“白恩培”的贪污受贿案,简略介绍了同被判处终身监禁的魏鹏远、丁铁义案件。终身监禁制度的设立,在我国引起了不小的争议,有人认为该制度对贪污腐败起到震慑作用,同时顺应了世界上死刑废除的潮流。但也有人认为该制度过于残酷,剥夺犯罪分子的希望,侵犯人权。不同的观点可以碰撞出更多火花,能够更好的推动我国终身监禁制度的发展。第四部分则是对终身监禁制度的完善。这一部分是本文的重点所在,从立法、司法和制度保障三方面来进行完善。在立法上,主要通过进一步的立法进行完善,同时明确与其他刑种的关系。在司法上,主要从司法解释、适用程序、案例指导等方面入手;在保障机制上,建议完善复核、养老等制度,设立奖惩机制和监督平台等。
[Abstract]:The system of life imprisonment is translated by "life imprisonment" in the West. In 2015, Article 383 of the Criminal Law Amendment (9) of our country first included life imprisonment in the legal provisions of our country. There are two types of life imprisonment system in the world: one is life imprisonment on parole and the other is life imprisonment without parole. The rules vary from country to country. China's life imprisonment system is only applicable to corruption and bribery and can not be commuted, parole. This paper introduces the origin of the life imprisonment system, compares the foreign life imprisonment system with our country, analyzes the present situation and disputes of the system in our country, and puts forward some suggestions for the perfection of the system. The main body of the thesis consists of four parts. The first part is an overview of life imprisonment system. This paper introduces the concept, characteristics and types of the system. Starting from the origin of the system, it goes back to the death penalty proposed by Beccaria for the first time, and points out that life imprisonment does not only mean that life imprisonment is not meant to be free for life. In different countries, there are also commutation and parole of life imprisonment system. In addition to introducing the origin of the system and the current situation of other countries, this paper mainly introduces the system of life imprisonment on parole and analyzes the relationship between the system and life imprisonment. At the end of this part, the author introduces the types of life imprisonment system, including life imprisonment with parole and life imprisonment without parole. The second part is a comparative study of life imprisonment system. The system of life imprisonment in China has just started, still in the embryonic state, there are still many deficiencies. However, the system of life imprisonment in western countries is more mature. This chapter makes a comparative study of the life imprisonment system between European countries and the United States, and uses their advantages for reference to further improve the life imprisonment system in our country. The third part is about the current situation and controversy of life imprisonment system in China. There are only three cases of life imprisonment in China. This part mainly introduces the case of embezzlement and bribery of "Bai Enpei", the first person in life imprisonment, and briefly introduces the case of Wei Pengyuan and Ding Tie-yi who were also sentenced to life imprisonment. The establishment of life imprisonment system has aroused considerable controversy in our country. Some people think that this system has a deterrent effect on corruption and conforms to the trend of abolition of death penalty in the world. But others say the system is too brutal, depriving criminals of hope and violating human rights. Different views can collide more sparks, can better promote the development of life imprisonment system in China. The fourth part is the perfection of life imprisonment system. This part is the focus of this paper, from the legislative, judicial and institutional protection to improve. In legislation, mainly through further legislation to improve, and at the same time to clarify the relationship with other types of punishment. In judicial, mainly from the judicial interpretation, applicable procedures, case guidance and so on; in the protection mechanism, it is suggested to improve the review, pension and other systems, set up a reward and punishment mechanism and supervision platform.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.1
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本文编号：1979963