郑州市金水区农民工法律援助问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 20:10

本文选题：农民工 + 维权　；参考：《河南财经政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,在城市化进程推进中,涌进大量外来务工人员,他们在城市建设中发挥了重要作用,但是大量侵犯农民工合法权益的情况也随之出现。法律援助作为保障公民基本权利的一项重要制度,有效地维护了农民工的合法权益。郑州市金水区作为河南省会郑州市的中心城区,拥有得天独厚的区位优势和较为优质的资源禀赋,吸引了大批外来务工人员来金水区就业,然而他们在为建设首善之区服务的同时,遇到的侵权纠纷越来越多,金水区农民工法律援助案件数占整个法律援助案件总数的50%左右,因此有必要研究金水区的农民工法律援助。在广泛搜集国内外现有研究成果的基础上,依据维护平等、人权保障、权利救济的理论基础,通过调查问卷和实证研究进行数据分析,得出基于需求层面、供给层面、现实层面法律援助现状的第一手资料,客观分析农民工在劳动违法现象严重、维权成本高、保障机制不完善、渠道不畅通等方面的原因,并对影响农民工法律援助的原因进行分析研究。法律援助制度在我国经历了13年的发展,取得了长足的进步,发挥了较大的作用,但是仍然存在着许多不足和缺陷,表现在立法上和实践中,法律法规没有专门规定,实践中人员和经费保障不到位等等。这些问题尤其在农民工法律援助方面表现更为明显。一方面,农民工法律援助存在维权难的问题,劳动合同签订率低、维权渠道不畅通、维权成本高等。另一方面,农民工维权组织欠缺。针对影响农民工法律援助的主要原因及存在的问题,进一步理清农民工维权的框架,提出切实可行的解决对策。首先从建立农民工维权组织入手,拓宽农民工利益表达渠道;其次,从维权程序上,改革先裁后审的劳动争议处理机制,设立专门的农民工劳动法庭审判委员会;第三,从解决途径上,三种路径选择权:人民调解、法院诉讼、劳动仲裁;第四,从保障机制上,健全队伍,保证经费,加强宣传,简化程序,建立异地、区域合作机制。笔者从农民工的调查现状出发,以实证数据为基础,掌握第一手资料,从而发现农民工法律援助在实践领域存在的问题,找出解决的对策。同时,本文研究的主体是农民工,研究的内容是与法律法规相关的课题,具有跨学科的性质。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in the process of urbanization, a large number of migrant workers, they have played an important role in urban construction, but a large number of violations of the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers also appeared. As an important system to protect citizens' basic rights, legal aid effectively protects the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers. The Jinshui District of Zhengzhou, as the central city of Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province, has unique geographical advantages and relatively high quality resource endowments, which has attracted a large number of migrant workers to work in Jinshui District. However, while they are serving for the construction of the first good area, they encounter more and more infringement disputes. The number of legal aid cases for migrant workers in Jinshui District accounts for about 50% of the total number of legal aid cases. Therefore, it is necessary to study the legal aid of migrant workers in Jinshui District. On the basis of extensive collection of existing research results at home and abroad, according to the theoretical basis of safeguarding equality, human rights protection, right relief, and through questionnaire and empirical research, we can conclude that it is based on demand level, supply level, and so on. First hand information on the current situation of legal aid at the realistic level, and objective analysis of the reasons for the serious phenomenon of illegal labor, the high cost of safeguarding their rights, the imperfect security mechanism, the lack of smooth channels, and so on. And to influence the reason of peasant worker legal aid carries on the analysis research. After 13 years of development, the legal aid system has made great progress and played a great role in our country. However, there are still many deficiencies and defects in the legislation and practice, and there are no special provisions in the laws and regulations. In practice, personnel and financial support is not in place and so on. These problems especially in the migrant workers legal aid performance is more obvious. On the one hand, the legal aid of migrant workers is difficult to protect their rights, the labor contract signing rate is low, the channel of protecting rights is not smooth, and the cost of protecting rights is high. On the other hand, migrant workers rights organizations lack. In view of the main reasons and existing problems affecting the legal aid of migrant workers, this paper further clarifies the framework of the rights of migrant workers and puts forward practical countermeasures. First of all, starting with the establishment of migrant workers' rights organizations to broaden the channels of expression of migrant workers' interests; secondly, from the rights protection procedures, reform the labor dispute handling mechanism before adjudication, and set up a special trial committee of migrant workers' labor court; third, From the solution way, three path options: people mediation, court litigation, labor arbitration; fourth, from the security mechanism, improve the team, guarantee funds, strengthen publicity, simplify procedures, establish a regional cooperation mechanism. On the basis of empirical data, the author finds out the problems existing in the field of legal aid of migrant workers and finds out the countermeasures to solve them. At the same time, the main body of this study is migrant workers, the content of the study is related to laws and regulations, with interdisciplinary nature.
【学位授予单位】：河南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D412.6;D926.5

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