交通肇事“无名氏”死亡损害赔偿问题的解决

发布时间：2018-06-18 00:11

本文选题：无名氏 + 无主财产　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文所说“无名氏”是指在交通肇事中遭受侵害死亡、交警部门在用尽多种方法查找之后仍不能确定其身份信息的人。在我国,“无名氏”作为一个自然人,生命权必然受我国法律的保护。但是,因当前我国中央立法的缺失,在交通肇事造成“无名氏”死亡之后由谁向侵权人主张权利、其死亡赔偿金的具体计算及处置方法等都是当前我国司法实务中亟需解决的难题。本文拟通过典型案例分析的方法由案例引出问题,通过四个真实案例分别体现交通肇事“无名氏”死亡损害赔偿案件中存在的问题,并针对存在的问题进提出解决办法。本文第一部分是由案例引出问题。通过四个案例,分别引出“无名氏”死亡损害赔偿案件中存在的原告资格及其死亡赔偿金的计算和处置问题。本文第二部分主要是解决交通肇事“无名氏”死亡损害赔偿案件中的原告资格。“无名氏”死者因身份信息不明,无法确定继承人或者近亲属,死亡赔偿金处于无主状态,成为无主财产,上交国家,成为公产。根据公产代管理论,行政主体对其享有所有权或者管理权。在中央立法没有规定的情况下,依据当前规范性文件的规定,原告资格在民政部门和救助基金管理机构之间存在着分歧。因救助基金管理机构不具有行政主体资格,而民政部门具有行政主体资格,所以本文支持民政部门作原告。本文第三部分是解决“无名氏”死亡赔偿金的计算标准和处置。对于死亡赔偿金的计算问题,笔者认为对“无名氏”受害人应按城镇人口标准、年龄取法医鉴定的中间值计算。依据是2005年《道路交通事故处理工作规范》七十四条,对未知名死者的人身损害赔偿,其身份暂按城镇居民计算,年龄暂按法医鉴定报告的大约年龄段取中间年龄记算。同时这一规定也得到了地方立法的支持。至于处置问题上文分析确定了民政部门对此类财产的保护职责,享有作为原告的权利,据此,应由民政部门设立账户对“无名氏”死者的死亡赔偿金进行管理。
[Abstract]:In this paper, "Anonymous" refers to a person whose identity information can not be determined by the traffic police department after being injured and killed in a traffic accident. In our country, Anonymous as a natural person, the right to life must be protected by our law. However, due to the current lack of central legislation in our country, who claims the rights of the infringer after the death of the "Anonymous" caused by the traffic accident, The concrete calculation and disposal method of its death compensation is a difficult problem that needs to be solved in the judicial practice of our country at present. Through the method of typical case analysis, this paper draws the question from the case, and through four real cases respectively reflects the existing problems in the death and damage compensation case of "unknown person" in traffic accident, and puts forward the solution to the existing problem. The first part of this paper is to draw the question from the case. Through four cases, the problems of the plaintiff's qualification and the calculation and disposal of the death compensation in Anonymous's death compensation case are introduced respectively. The second part of this paper is to solve the plaintiff's qualification in the death compensation case of traffic accident. Because of the unknown identity information, the "anonymous" deceased can not determine the heirs or close relatives, the death compensation is in the state of no owner, becomes the property of no owner, turns over to the state, and becomes a public property. According to the theory of public property escrow, the administrative subject has the right of ownership or management. In the absence of the central legislation, according to the provisions of the current normative documents, the plaintiff's qualifications are divided between the civil affairs department and the administrative organ of the rescue fund. Because the administrative organization of the rescue fund does not have the qualification of the administrative subject, and the civil affairs department has the qualification of the administrative subject, this paper supports the civil affairs department as the plaintiff. The third part of this paper is to solve the "anonymous" death compensation standard and disposal. For the calculation of death compensation, the author thinks that the victim of "Anonymous's" should be calculated according to the standard of urban population and the median value of forensic identification according to the standard of urban population. According to the 74 items of road traffic accident handling work standard in 2005, the status of the unnamed dead person compensation is calculated according to the urban residents temporarily, and the age is calculated according to the middle age of the forensic medical examination report. At the same time, this provision has also been supported by local legislation. As for the disposal, the above analysis determines the duty of the civil affairs department to protect such property and enjoy the right to be the plaintiff. Accordingly, the civil affairs department should set up an account to manage the compensation for the death of the "anonymous" deceased.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923;D922.14

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