吸毒人员社区矫治模式研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 19:43

【摘要】：在全球范围内日益严重的吸贩毒背景下,我国的毒品问题不容小觑。对吸毒人员的戒毒矫治是禁毒工作的重要环节,我国现行的戒毒体系存在着戒毒理念落后、戒断效果不佳、实施不到位、标签化现象严重等问题。笔者通过反思现状,并结合现实中所了解到的戒毒工作的实际,探讨建立吸毒人员的社区矫治模式。我国有着完善的社区网络,加之社区戒毒基础地位的确立,这一构想具备了现实和法律的双重基础。在实施上,国外的先进理念和管理方法大有借鉴之处,社区矫正的工作经验也在不断增加,这些都为社区矫治模式的构建提供了可能。文章主要采用的研究方法有:第一,文献法。了解国内外矫治模式的应用现状,重点分析我国现行模式存在的缺陷,借鉴国外先进经验,并进行归纳总结。第二,案例研究法。鉴于时间限制,无法实地走访调查,只得通过对现有资料的整理归纳,寻找相关案例,仔细研读,从中发现一般规律,得出结论。第三,比较分析法。从国内外对吸毒人员矫治问题采取的措施上,比较分析我国与外国在模式上的不同和侧重点以及不同的原因,借鉴国外比较成熟、先进的矫治模式,对我国的规定提出新意见,进一步完善现行的模式。矫治应该分为生理脱毒和心理脱毒两个方面,缺一不可,后者其实更加重要。本文通过分析我国吸毒人员和现行戒毒模式,反思实践中强制隔离戒毒主导模式下存在的问题。据不完全统计,从强制戒毒所返回社会的吸毒人员有着较高的复吸率,这是因为他们的脱毒过程仅仅完成了一半,心理上的归属感以及回归社会后的适应能力再无人过问了。因此,笔者认为我们不应该给吸毒人员贴上"越轨者"的标签,应当将他们置于社区环境内进行矫治,更有利于他们转变心理、彻底脱毒。社区矫治模式符合现行戒毒体系所要传达的理念,将吸毒人员视为需要挽救的对象,也有利于消除社会歧视,更能帮助他们早日回归社会。
[Abstract]:In the context of the increasingly serious drug absorption and drug trafficking in the world, the drug problem in China should not be underestimated. Detoxification and treatment of drug addicts is an important link in drug control work. The current detoxification system of our country has some problems such as backward concept of detoxification, poor effect of abstinence, inadequate implementation, serious labelling phenomenon and so on. By reflecting on the present situation and combining with the actual situation of drug abstinence, the author discusses the establishment of community correction model for drug addicts. China has a perfect community network and the establishment of the basic status of community detoxification, which has the dual foundation of reality and law. In practice, the advanced concepts and management methods of foreign countries have a lot of reference, and the working experience of community correction is also increasing, which provides the possibility for the construction of community correction model. The main research methods adopted in this paper are as follows: first, literature method. To understand the current situation of the application of the correction mode at home and abroad, to analyze the defects of the current mode in China, to draw lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries, and to sum up and summarize it. Second, case study. In view of the time limit, it is impossible to visit and investigate on the spot, so we can only find out the general law and draw a conclusion by arranging and summarizing the existing materials, searching for the relevant cases, and carefully studying them. Third, comparative analysis. Based on the measures taken at home and abroad to correct drug addicts, this paper compares and analyzes the differences and emphases between our country and foreign countries in the mode and the different reasons, draws lessons from the more mature and advanced treatment models of foreign countries, and puts forward new opinions on the regulations of our country. Further improve the current model. Correction should be divided into physiological detoxification and psychological detoxification, the latter is more important. Based on the analysis of drug addicts and the current detoxification mode in China, this paper reflects on the problems existing in the dominant pattern of compulsory isolation detoxification in practice. According to incomplete statistics, drug addicts returning from compulsory drug treatment centers have a high relapse rate, which is because they are only half finished in the process of detoxification, and their psychological sense of belonging and their ability to adapt after returning to society are no longer questioned. Therefore, the author believes that we should not label drug addicts as "deviant", should put them in the community environment to correct, more conducive to their psychological transformation, thoroughly detoxification. The community correction model accords with the idea that the current detoxification system should convey. It is also helpful to eliminate social discrimination and help them to return to society as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.8

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