安乐死主体法律问题探讨
发布时间：2018-08-02 15:38
【摘要】：“生如夏花之绚烂,死如秋叶之静美”。这是出自印度诗人泰戈尔的诗篇,平静安详,是每一个人都所期待的死亡方式。然而安乐死,无疑是最为符合诗句中的方式。随着社会的不断进步和发展,安乐死这一备受学术界争论的话题,越来越多的走进人们的视线之中。说其备受争议,一方面因为安乐死打破死亡的自然规律,从自然死亡变成可以有选择性的决定死亡,可以决定死亡的方式、时间、地点等等,这无疑是对传统思维观念的挑战;另一方面,对于那些身患绝症,濒死边缘的病人来说,他们在生命最后的时间里,忍受着疾病带来的痛苦,体会不到活着的尊严,这个时候安乐死就是最好的解决办法,病人不用再经受病痛的折磨,让死亡变得有尊严,病人的家属也不用再继续承受高昂的治疗费用。安乐死已经是一个我们无法回避的问题。本文主要通过对于安乐死主体的相关概念探究,从国内外安乐死主体问题的发展现状进行比较,进而对安乐死主体进行相关的法律问题完善。安乐死主体是安乐死整个研究脉络中的重要分节点,主体问题的探究是解开安乐死的重要钥匙。安乐死整个的活动中,存在着各个分工不同,程序不同,目的不同的人员,这些不同的标准作为安乐死主体分类的标准,其中接受安乐死,安乐死的承受者界定为安乐死的适用主体;将安乐死的意愿传达给其他个人或组织的人界定为安乐死的申请主体;将安乐死的具体实施者、操作者界定为安乐死的实施主体;将准予或者否决安乐死的申请意愿的个人或者组织界定为安乐死的批准主体;将对于整个安乐死活动进行管理和监察的个人或组织界定为安乐死的监督主体。整个安乐死的活动进行就基本由这五大主体构成,通过对于安乐死适用主体的病理情况、申请主体的主观意愿、实施主体的资格经验、批准主体的严谨客观和监督主体的公正公平这5个主体进行细致的完善,就能确保整个安乐死过程的合法合理。同时对于安乐死的主体与主体之间的联系进行脉络厘清,那么就可以让整个安乐死有机系统正常的运作起来。只要安乐死的每一个主体和主体之间的联系都合法且合理,那么安乐死就将成为一种合法的方式被人们所接受。
[Abstract]:Life is as beautiful as summer flowers and death like autumn leaves. This is a psalm of the Indian poet Tagore, calm and serene, the way everyone expects to die. Euthanasia, however, is undoubtedly the most consistent way in poetry. With the continuous progress and development of society, euthanasia, a controversial topic in academic circles, has come into people's attention more and more. On the one hand, euthanasia breaks the natural law of death, changing from natural death to selective decision of death, can determine the way of death, time, place and so on, this is undoubtedly a challenge to the traditional thinking concept; On the other hand, for those who are terminally ill and on the verge of death, they suffer the pain of illness and lack the dignity of living at the end of their lives, and euthanasia is the best solution. Patients don't have to suffer, make their deaths dignified, and their families no longer have to bear the high cost of treatment. Euthanasia has become an unavoidable problem. This article mainly through to the euthanasia main body related concept research, from the domestic and foreign euthanasia subject question development present situation carries on the comparison, then carries on the related legal question consummation to the euthanasia subject. The subject of euthanasia is an important node in the whole study of euthanasia, and the exploration of the subject problem is the key to solve the problem of euthanasia. In the whole activity of euthanasia, there are people with different division of labor, different procedures and different purposes. These different standards are used as criteria for the classification of euthanasia subjects, in which euthanasia is accepted. The acceptor of euthanasia is defined as the applicable subject of euthanasia, the will of euthanasia is communicated to other individuals or organizations as the application subject of euthanasia, the concrete executor of euthanasia is defined as the implementing subject of euthanasia, and the operator is defined as the subject of euthanasia. The individual or organization that grants or rejects the application for euthanasia is defined as the approving subject of euthanasia, and the individual or organization that manages and monitors the whole euthanasia activity is defined as the supervising subject of euthanasia. The whole activity of euthanasia is basically composed of these five main bodies. Through the pathological situation of the subject applicable to euthanasia, the subjective will of the subject applying for euthanasia, and the qualification experience of the subject, The strict and objective of the approval subject and the justice and fairness of the supervising subject can ensure the legality and reasonableness of the whole euthanasia process. At the same time, the relationship between the subject and the subject of euthanasia is clarified, so that the whole organic system of euthanasia can operate normally. As long as the relationship between each subject and subject of euthanasia is legal and reasonable, euthanasia will be accepted by people.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923
本文编号：2159901
[Abstract]:Life is as beautiful as summer flowers and death like autumn leaves. This is a psalm of the Indian poet Tagore, calm and serene, the way everyone expects to die. Euthanasia, however, is undoubtedly the most consistent way in poetry. With the continuous progress and development of society, euthanasia, a controversial topic in academic circles, has come into people's attention more and more. On the one hand, euthanasia breaks the natural law of death, changing from natural death to selective decision of death, can determine the way of death, time, place and so on, this is undoubtedly a challenge to the traditional thinking concept; On the other hand, for those who are terminally ill and on the verge of death, they suffer the pain of illness and lack the dignity of living at the end of their lives, and euthanasia is the best solution. Patients don't have to suffer, make their deaths dignified, and their families no longer have to bear the high cost of treatment. Euthanasia has become an unavoidable problem. This article mainly through to the euthanasia main body related concept research, from the domestic and foreign euthanasia subject question development present situation carries on the comparison, then carries on the related legal question consummation to the euthanasia subject. The subject of euthanasia is an important node in the whole study of euthanasia, and the exploration of the subject problem is the key to solve the problem of euthanasia. In the whole activity of euthanasia, there are people with different division of labor, different procedures and different purposes. These different standards are used as criteria for the classification of euthanasia subjects, in which euthanasia is accepted. The acceptor of euthanasia is defined as the applicable subject of euthanasia, the will of euthanasia is communicated to other individuals or organizations as the application subject of euthanasia, the concrete executor of euthanasia is defined as the implementing subject of euthanasia, and the operator is defined as the subject of euthanasia. The individual or organization that grants or rejects the application for euthanasia is defined as the approving subject of euthanasia, and the individual or organization that manages and monitors the whole euthanasia activity is defined as the supervising subject of euthanasia. The whole activity of euthanasia is basically composed of these five main bodies. Through the pathological situation of the subject applicable to euthanasia, the subjective will of the subject applying for euthanasia, and the qualification experience of the subject, The strict and objective of the approval subject and the justice and fairness of the supervising subject can ensure the legality and reasonableness of the whole euthanasia process. At the same time, the relationship between the subject and the subject of euthanasia is clarified, so that the whole organic system of euthanasia can operate normally. As long as the relationship between each subject and subject of euthanasia is legal and reasonable, euthanasia will be accepted by people.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923
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