欧盟倡议的国际投资仲裁院制度研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 15:01

【摘要】：2015年9月欧盟在与美国进行的跨大西洋贸易与投资伙伴协议(TTIP)的谈判过程中发布了投资章节草案,提议建立一个包含上诉仲裁庭的常设性国际投资仲裁院制度。众所周知,仲裁制度自其诞生以来就以其一裁终局的经济性与便捷性受到众多争端当事人的青睐。因此,该上诉仲裁庭的设立不仅一举打破了仲裁制度一直以来一裁终局的局面,同时也彰显出了仲裁制度未来的发展方向。目前,国际上现有的国际投资仲裁机构大多存在仲裁裁决不一致问题突出、仲裁裁决忽视东道国的利益以及仲裁内部缺少监督机制等问题,而为了解决现有国际投资仲裁机构所暴露出的这些问题,欧盟此次提议建立的国际投资仲裁院制度除了设立上诉仲裁庭之外,还规定了败者支付原则、防止投资者滥诉的预先驳回机制以及仲裁员任命制等相关制度。由此可以看出,国际投资仲裁院制度对现有的国际投资仲裁机制进行了大胆的革新,在相关规则的设置上也是向前迈了一大步。而国际投资仲裁院制度作为首个设立上诉仲裁庭的国际投资仲裁机构,未来也必将在解决外国投资者与东道国之间投资争端方面产生巨大的影响。由于欧盟与美国之间的谈判仍在进行之中,因此,国际投资仲裁院制度作为一个欧盟刚刚提议建立的国际投资仲裁机构,国际上尤其是国内对于该制度的相关研究并不多。基于这种情况,本文将该国际投资仲裁院制度定为研究对象加以探讨。文章首先介绍了该国际投资仲裁院的具体制度设置,主要包括初审仲裁庭、上诉仲裁庭、程序透明度规则以及对仲裁员的道德要求等。其次,通过与国际上现有国际投资仲裁机制的对比,详细分析了该国际投资仲裁院制度的创新之处,并对其作出较为客观的评价。另外,虽然国际投资仲裁院制度在很多方面有很大进步,但是作为一个新兴的国际投资仲裁机构,其在与各国国内法院的关系问题、东道国监管权、多边仲裁以及仲裁裁决的执行方面仍然面临着巨大的挑战。因此,文章最后在对该制度未来将面临的诸多挑战进行详细分析的基础上,从宏观和微观两个方面分别提出了一些完善该国际投资仲裁院制度的相关建议,而这也是本文最终的研究价值所在。
[Abstract]:In September 2015, the European Union released a draft investment chapter during negotiations with the United States on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Agreement (TTIP), proposing the establishment of a permanent International Investment Arbitration Court system containing an appeals tribunal. As we all know, arbitration system has been favored by many disputing parties because of its economy and convenience since its birth. Therefore, the establishment of the arbitration tribunal not only breaks the final arbitration system, but also highlights the future direction of the arbitration system. At present, most of the existing international investment arbitration institutions have such problems as the inconsistency of arbitration awards, the neglect of the interests of the host country and the lack of supervisory mechanisms within the arbitration. In order to solve these problems exposed by the existing international investment arbitration institutions, the system of the International Investment Arbitration Court proposed by the EU this time, in addition to the establishment of an appeals tribunal, also stipulates the principle of payment of losers. To prevent investors from overappealing in advance and the appointment of arbitrators and other relevant systems. From this we can see that the system of the International Investment Arbitration Court has carried on the bold innovation to the existing international investment arbitration mechanism, and has also taken a big step forward in the setting up of the relevant rules. As the first international investment arbitration institution to set up an appeal tribunal, the International Investment Arbitration Court system will have a great influence on the settlement of investment disputes between foreign investors and host countries in the future. Because the negotiation between EU and America is still going on, as an international investment arbitration institution proposed by EU, there is not much research on it in the world, especially in our country. In view of this situation, this article regards the system of the International Investment Arbitration Court as the object of study. This paper first introduces the system of the International Investment Arbitration Court, including the arbitration tribunal of first instance, the arbitral tribunal of appeal, the rules of transparency of procedure, and the moral requirements of arbitrators and so on. Secondly, by comparing with the existing international investment arbitration mechanism, this paper analyzes in detail the innovation of the system of the International Investment Arbitration Court, and makes a more objective evaluation on it. In addition, although the system of the International Court of Investment Arbitration has made great progress in many respects, as an emerging international investment arbitration institution, it has the right to regulate its relations with the domestic courts of various countries and the host country. Multilateral arbitration and enforcement of arbitral awards still face enormous challenges. Therefore, on the basis of the detailed analysis of the many challenges that the system will face in the future, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the system of the International Court of Investment Arbitration from the macro and micro aspects. And this is the ultimate research value of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997.4

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