死亡保险合同中法定免责条款的适用问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-16 23:01

【摘要】：我国保险业自恢复以来已经得到了长足发展,它对我国国民经济生活安定和维护社会稳定起到了重要作用。不过,在保险实务中,对在死亡保险合同中法定免责条款的适用上,依然还有诸多矛盾或纠纷,并由此而引发诉讼纷争的事例较为常见。本文以分析我国《保险法》死亡保险合同中法定免责条款效力问题入手,以文献参考法、分析比较法和总结归纳法等研究方法分析其存在的适用问题,并在分析与研究基础上,针对我国《保险法》在死亡保险合同中存在问题,提出相关解决建议,以供我国保险人和投保人或被保险人借鉴或参考。全文分为三个部分,第一部分主要对我国死亡保险合同的概念和法定免责条款的类型进行了概述。首先结合相关文献资料介绍了死亡保险合同的含义和类型;其次根据我国保险法及其相关法规对法定免责条款的类型进行了分析;最后,按照保险法的立法精神和保险制度的主要功能阐述了法定免责条款的合理性。第二部分针对我国目前法定免责条款在死亡保险合同中适用时存在的主要问题进行了分析。首先就我国目前的法律法规来看,法定免责条款在死亡保险合同中适用时,对于保险人说明义务的规定不够明确。其次,对于死亡保险中的保险人自杀条款,在实际运用过程中,仍存在适用范围过窄,以及对认定自杀的标准不够全面的问题。最后,在被保险人故意犯罪和投保人故意致害这两个条款的运用上,死亡保险实务中也存在因果关系不够明确、行为人目的不明和行为人身份未作严格区分等问题。第三部分是对我国死亡保险合同中适用法定免责条款的完善。此部分首先明确了法定免责条款未作提示时仍应有效。其次通过分析自杀条款的立法目的,建议扩大自杀条款的适用范围和自杀认定标准。最后对于被保险人故意犯罪和投保人故意致害条款,通过结合刑法的相关知识,提出完善这两个条款在死亡保险实务中运用的建议。
[Abstract]:China's insurance industry has made great progress since its recovery, which plays an important role in the stability of our national economy and social stability. However, in the practice of insurance, there are still many contradictions or disputes in the application of statutory exemption clauses in death insurance contracts. This article begins with the analysis of the validity of the statutory exemption clause in the death insurance contract of our country, analyzes the applicable problems of the death insurance contract by using the method of literature reference, the comparative method and the method of summing up induction, and on the basis of the analysis and research, the paper analyzes the validity of the legal exemption clause in the death insurance contract of our country. In view of the problems existing in the death insurance contract in China's Insurance Law, some suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the insurer, the insured or the insured in our country. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part summarizes the concept of death insurance contract and the types of statutory exemption clauses. Firstly, it introduces the meaning and type of death insurance contract, and then analyzes the type of statutory exemption clause according to the insurance law and its relevant regulations of our country. Finally, according to the legislative spirit of the insurance law and the main functions of the insurance system, the rationality of the statutory exemption clause is expounded. The second part analyzes the main problems existing in the application of legal exemption clause in death insurance contract. First of all, according to the current laws and regulations of our country, when the statutory exemption clause is applied in the death insurance contract, the stipulation of the insurer's obligation of explanation is not clear enough. Secondly, in the process of practical application, the scope of application is too narrow and the standard of suicide is not comprehensive enough for the insurer's suicide clause in the death insurance. Finally, in the application of the two clauses of intentional crime by the insured and intentional harm by the policy holder, the causality is not clear enough in the practice of death insurance, the purpose of the perpetrator is not clear and the identity of the perpetrator is not strictly distinguished. The third part is the perfection of the legal exemption clause in the death insurance contract of our country. This part first makes clear that the statutory exemption clause should still be valid when it is not prompted. Secondly, by analyzing the legislative purpose of suicide clause, it is suggested to expand the scope of application of suicide clause and suicide identification standard. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions to improve the application of the two clauses in the practice of death insurance by combining the relevant knowledge of criminal law with the clauses of intentional crime of the insured and intentional injury of the policy holder.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.284

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