邓中夏与马克思主义大众化（1917-1933）

发布时间：2018-01-16 14:45

本文关键词：邓中夏与马克思主义大众化（1917-1933）　出处：《西南交通大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马克思主义大众化问题是一个重大的理论问题,也是一个复杂的现实和实践问题。马克思主义大众化作为一个命题在建党初期阶段就已经开始,并将长期延续,成为中国共产党人永恒的话题。邓中夏(1894-1933),是建党初期优秀共产党员之一,在思想上经历了三次转变最终成为共产主义者,这一转变过程在同时期的先进分子中具有显著的代表性。邓中夏在转变为坚定的马克思主义者之后,通过形式多样的教育活动,研究、学习和传播马克思主义,用马克思主义理论加强对人民群众的思想引领,组建各种团体为马克思主义大众化提供组织基础。在马克思主义理论的教育与宣传、马克思主义与工农大众的实际结合、推进马克思主义大众化的方法与路径等各个方面都做出了卓越的突出贡献。同时,邓中夏在进行马克思主义大众化的具体路径上坚持实事求是原则,灵活恰当采用正确的革命策略和方法,注重提升工作的针对性、创新性、实效性和制度性,将显性教育与隐性教育相结合,最终促使其马克思主义大众化思想在特征上表现出了明显的实践性、强大的发展性、深厚的现实性等显著特点。先进人物的马克思主义大众化思想和实践都是特定的历史条件和时代背景下的产物,都会受所处时代背景的影响,同时,由于先进人物的超前性和卓越性,其思想也会对时代发展进行助推和引领。邓中夏在新民主主义革命时期对马克思主义大众化实践和理论的探索具有以下价值维度：一是多种方式传播马克思主义,推动马克思主义新发展,探索了新民主主义革命时期马克思主义大众化的方法论基础；二是牢固树立群众主体意识,坚持群众路线,初步形成了马克思主义大众化基本原则；三是坚定了马克思主义大众化的价值追求,锤炼了马克思主义大众化的民生品格；四是积极探索马克思主义大众化与中国化、时代化的配合发展,助推了新民主主义革命时期马克思主义大众化的发展道路；五是反对教条主义的禁锢,始终坚持实事求是的态度对待马克思主义,确立了马克思主义大众化的思想基础。但同时,邓中夏的马克思主义大众化思想由于受个人认知水平、思想状况及时代条件、社会环境等因素所限,也还存在着一些不足之处,如在大众化过程中重实践轻理论,理论与实践衔接不协调；对马克思主义理论的深入研究不足；马克思主义理论大众化与传统文化契合不够等问题。邓中夏在新民主主义革命时期的马克思主义大众化工作对当前及今后一个时期的马克思主义大众化工作有重要的经验启示：深刻理解马克思主义中国化时代化大众化之间的关系是马克思主义大众化的首要前提；重视民生,维护大众利益是马克思主义大众化的生命之源；知行统一,理论与实践结合是马克思主义大众化的应有之义；改造手段,实现通俗化、具体化、丰富化是马克思主义大众化的重要方法；坚持和加强党的领导,充分发挥党组织的核心作用是马克思主义大众化的重要保障；强化认同,构建对话交流平台是马克思主义大众化的内涵需求；分层对待,差异性传播是马克思主义大众化的必然选择；创新发展、与时俱进是马克思主义大众化的基本规律。
[Abstract]:Marx's popularity is an important theoretical issue, but also a complex reality and practice. Marx's popularity as a proposition has already begun in the early stage, and will long continue, China become Communists eternal topic. Deng Zhong summer (1894-1933), is the early founding outstanding communist party member one of the in the mind has changed three times and eventually become a communist, this transition is significant in the same period in advanced molecular. After Deng Zhongxia turned into a determined Marx doctrine, through various forms of education, research, learning and dissemination of the Marx doctrine, to strengthen people's mind Marx's theory of the lead, set up various organizations to provide the organizational foundation for the popularization of the Marx doctrine. In the education and propaganda of Marx theory, the Marx doctrine Combined with the actual masses of workers and peasants, and promote the path of popularization of the Marx doctrine and other aspects have made outstanding contributions. At the same time, Deng Zhongxia in the specific path of popularization of the Marx doctrine on the principle of seeking truth from facts, flexible using revolutionary strategy and methods, pay attention to enhance the pertinence, innovation. The effectiveness and the system of the dominant education and recessive education combined, lead to the popularization of the Marx doctrine thought in feature showed obvious practical development, powerful, practical and other notable features. The Marx doctrine popular deep thought and practice of advanced figures are the product of the specific historical conditions and under the background of the times, will be affected by the background, at the same time, the advance and the excellence of advanced character, the thought will help to the development of the times Push and lead. Deng Zhongxia has the following value exploration of the Marx doctrine popular theory and practice in the new democratic revolution period: one is a variety of ways to spread and promote new development of the Marx doctrine, the Marx doctrine, explore the methodological basis of the new democratic revolution period Marx doctrine popular; the two is to firmly establish the mass consciousness, insist on the mass line, the initial formation of the Marx doctrine popular basic principles; three is a firm of Marx's popular pursuit of value, temper the popularization of the Marx doctrine's character; four is to actively explore the Marx doctrine popular with China, with the development of the times, boosting the development path of the new democratic revolution period of Marx's public the five is confined; against dogmatism, always adhere to the realistic attitude towards the Marx doctrine, indeed The ideological basis of Marx doctrine popular. But at the same time, Deng Zhongxia's thought of Marx's popularity due to individual cognitive level, conditions and time limit thought, social environment and other factors, there still exist some shortcomings, such as the popularization in the course of heavy practice than theory, theory and practice of inconsistent connection study on Marx theory; problems; Marx's theory of popular and traditional culture fit enough. Deng Zhongxia has the important experience of the Marx doctrine popular work in the current and future a period in Marx's mass work during the period of New Democratic Revolution: a deep understanding of the relationship between Marx's Chinese era popular is a prerequisite for the popularization of the Marx doctrine; attach importance to people's livelihood, the public interest is the Marx doctrine popular students The origin of life; the unity of knowledge and practice, the combination of theory and practice is the proper meaning of Marx's popularity; realize the transformation means, popularize, specific, rich is an important method for the popularization of the Marx doctrine; to uphold and strengthen the leadership of the party, give full play to the core role of Party organizations is an important guarantee of Marx's public the strengthening construction; identity, dialogue and exchange platform is the connotation of Marx's popular demand; stratified treatment, differences in communication is the inevitable choice for the popularization of the Marx doctrine; innovation and development, advancing with the times is the basic rule of Marx's popularity.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D231

【参考文献】