近代以来中国武术价值观的变迁研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 20:49

  本文关键词： 近代 武术价值观 变迁 体现　出处：《苏州大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近代以来,西方价值观的冲击,对中国文化建设产生深远影响。中国武术也在这种影响和冲击下开始了价值观的变迁。本研究以中国武术价值观的变迁路径为研究对象,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、历史考据法、逻辑分析法等科学研究方法,以社会价值观的变迁理论为理论依据,通过武术价值观在清末民国时期、新中国成立到改革开放、改革开放至今三个历史时期的变迁动因进行分析,结合武术价值观在各个时期的社会展现,分析总结武术价值观的发展态势,为武术的传承和可持续发展提供参考依据。沿此研究思路,形成研究结论如下:一、近代以来中国武术价值观变迁与社会变迁是相辅相成的清末民国时期,整个社会范围内的长时间政治无序和失范让国家民族处于内忧外患、生死危亡境地,在这一社会背景下引发武术在强体防身价值观、爱国精神价值观和体育价值观之间的急剧变迁。新中国成立到改革开放之前,受国家地位亟需得到承认的政治诉求和文化大革命的影响,武术价值观由“为政治重竞技”向“为无产阶级政治服务”的高度一元化价值观变迁。改革开放后,由于社会结构、经济体制、政治体制和文化体制的改革让中国社会价值观日益出现多元化趋势。武术价值观也随着改革开放的深入呈现出多元价值观并存下“为奥运重竞技”价值观优先发展和“为传承重文化”价值观凸显的特征。二、近代以来中国武术价值观变迁对武术发展的影响清末民国时期,武术价值观的发展步入与国家命运联系发展的状态。武术的价值功能体现出浓重的使命化趋向,武术被国家赋予极高的地位,成为影响整个国家和民族的一种感情行动,体现在武术价值观变迁的内在逻辑之中。新中国成立初期,“为政治重竞技”价值观的确立和高度一体化的国家意志对武术价值功能的需要,武术进行了竞技化的改革,体现了一种政治理想主义的色彩。到了文化大革命时期,泛政治化的文化氛围无形中改变了武术的价值与功能,使武术在当时的社会语境中只具有工具性的意义。改革开放以来,武术的时代价值和功能也由之前的政治工具回归到武术本身,武术为无产阶级政治服务、为工农兵服务的指导思想开始被奥运、健身、娱乐、艺术、审美、教育、产业、文化等主题所替代,呈现出鲜明的时代特点。三、引领未来武术发展的武术价值观新内涵中国武术的价值观新内涵要立足于鲜明的民族特色基础上,按照自己的价值观念和标准进行多样化的自主选择,广泛吸纳异质文化的精髓,确立民族爱国精神和优秀传统文化的核心地位,兼顾多元需求,在国家组织和社会主体引领下,注重教育、产业、体育、娱乐等多元价值观的并重发展。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, the impact of western values. It has a profound impact on the construction of Chinese culture. Under this influence and impact, Chinese Wushu also began the change of values. This study takes the changing path of Chinese Wushu values as the research object, using the method of literature. Expert interview, historical research, logic analysis and other scientific research methods, based on the theory of social values changes, through the value of martial arts in the late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China, the founding of New China to the reform and opening up. Since the reform and opening up to three historical periods of change motivation analysis, combined with Wushu values in each period of social display, analysis and summary of Wushu values development situation. It provides the reference basis for the inheritance and sustainable development of Wushu. Along this research train of thought, the research conclusions are as follows: first, the changes of values and social changes of Wushu in China since modern times are complementary to each other in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period. The long period of political disorder and anomie in the whole social scope make the nation in the situation of internal and external troubles, life and death, in this social background, martial arts in the strong body in the values of defense. The rapid changes between the values of patriotic spirit and sports values. Before the founding of New China and the reform and opening up, it was affected by the political demands and the cultural revolution that the status of the country needed to be recognized urgently. The values of Wushu changed from "emphasizing the competition for politics" to "serving the politics of the proletariat". After the reform and opening up, due to the social structure, the economic system. The reform of political system and cultural system has made Chinese social values more and more diversified. With the deepening of reform and opening up, Wushu values also present the coexistence of pluralistic values "for the Olympic Games." Values priority development and "for the inheritance of cultural" values highlighted characteristics. Influence of Chinese Wushu values change on Wushu Development in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Wushu values developed into a state of development linked to the fate of the country. The value function of Wushu shows a strong trend of mission. Wushu was endowed with a very high status by the state and became a kind of emotional action that affected the whole country and nation, which was reflected in the internal logic of the change of Wushu values. For the sake of the establishment of political and competitive values and the need of the highly integrated national will to the value function of Wushu, Wushu has carried out competitive reform. By the time of the Cultural Revolution, the pan-politicized cultural atmosphere had changed the value and function of Wushu. Since the reform and opening up, the value and function of Wushu have also returned to Wushu itself from the former political tools, Wushu for proletarian politics service. The guiding ideology of serving workers, peasants and soldiers has been replaced by the Olympic Games, fitness, entertainment, art, aesthetics, education, industry, culture and other themes, showing distinct characteristics of the times. New connotation of Wushu values leading the Development of Wushu in the Future the new connotation of values of Chinese Wushu should be based on the distinct national characteristics and carry out diversified independent choices according to its own values and standards. Widely absorb the essence of heterogeneous culture, establish the core position of national patriotism and excellent traditional culture, take account of multiple needs, under the guidance of national organizations and social subjects, pay attention to education, industry, sports. Entertainment and other diverse values of the development of equal emphasis.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G852
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本文编号：1452533