中国金融监管体制分权架构研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:58

  本文选题：金融监管 + 金融体制　； 参考：《云南大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：金融监管是金融发展的基础和保障。长期以来,我国行政化调配金融资源的大一统金融监管体制,虽有效助推中国经济多年的快速发展,但也暴露出高度集中、高度统一、高度垄断的缺陷。传统集权型金融监管,强调中央统一集中行使监管权,制度设计上地方没有金融监管权,亦无金融自主发展权；金融法规也主要集中在中央层面,地方金融立法空白,市场监管多依靠政策指引,金融法治化步伐缓慢；监管多为政府行政的强行干预,监管对象的内控制度功能弱化,社会多元化监督积极作用没有显现。我国分业的集中监管体制,已造成金融在中央的高度垄断和地方的高度压抑,严重滞后于经济发展,制约和阻碍金融创新,已成为深化金融改革的障碍和桎梏。论文选题“中国金融监管体制分权架构研究”,以我国金融监管体制为研究对象,将金融创新、金融民生化发展和金融风险化解作为金融体制改革的动因逻辑和起点,并站在金融监管权收控伸展的视角,遵循和坚持金融监管的分权主线,展开监管的中央和地方行政分权、上层和下层金融立法分权以及横向的政府由内向外的政社分权等三方面进行创新性研究,并提出了我国金融监管体制分权架构的思路和设计。论文运用时空观分析法,以金融监管体制纵向历史之线追溯为研究发端,理性剖析汲取历史实践之鉴,并吸纳借鉴西方发达国家金融监管之经验和成果,同时探寻金融监管理论以此指导监管体制创新。论文以金融监管体制变革的动因为统领,秉持金融监管必须围绕服务经济、适应市场的主旨理念,探索我国金融监管新体制的改革重塑。主要围绕金融监管权的收缩和扩张,创新提出我国金融监管体制的分权架框：一是政府管理系统内部的行政分权顶层设计,探索中央层面的控权向地方的扩权；二是法治金融治理需求下立法体制革新的对称,探索国家立法权的压缩和向地方立法授权的拓展；三是多元化金融监管的公私合力聚力叠加,探索约束公权拓展私权的政社分权。主要的路径选择：坚持中央和地方的金融监管行政分权重构,重新配置权力,中央土动简政放权,收缩金融监管权,推动权力向地方的下放、下沉、下移,强化地方监管；坚持多层金融立法体制构建,完善国家立法,扩大地方立法,拓展地方金融自主发展权,推动中央与地方依法行政、依法监管治理框架；坚持多元化社会合力监管,有效约束政府有形之手的过度行政干预,推动政社分权,科学适度放权社会,加强监管受体内控制度建设,积极发挥社会组织多元监督作用,有效构建政、社、企多主体参与的金融监管体制,形成全社会多元化金融监管合力。
[Abstract]:Financial supervision is the foundation and guarantee of financial development. For a long time, the unified financial supervision system of administrative allocation of financial resources in our country has effectively promoted the rapid development of Chinese economy for many years, but also exposed the defects of high concentration, high unity and high monopoly. The traditional centralized financial supervision emphasizes the centralization of the central authorities' exercise of the supervision power, and the fact that the local authorities have no financial supervision power or financial independent development rights in the system design; financial regulations are also mainly concentrated at the central level, and the local financial legislation is blank. Market supervision relies on policy guidance, and the pace of financial legalization is slow; supervision is mostly forced by government administration, the function of internal control system of supervision object is weakened, and the positive role of social diversity supervision is not shown. The centralized supervision system of separate industries in our country has caused the high monopoly of finance in the central government and the high repression of the local government, which lags behind the economic development seriously, restricts and hinders the financial innovation, and has become the obstacle and shackle of deepening the financial reform. The thesis chooses "the study on the decentralization structure of China's Financial Supervision system", taking China's financial regulatory system as the research object, taking financial innovation, financial livelihood development and financial risk resolution as the motivation logic and starting point of the financial system reform. And from the perspective of the extension of financial supervision power, we should follow and adhere to the main line of decentralization of financial supervision, and carry out the central and local administrative decentralization of supervision. The upper and lower levels of financial legislation decentralization and horizontal government from the internal to external decentralization of the three aspects of innovative research, and put forward the financial supervision system of China's ideas and design of decentralization framework. In this paper, the author uses space-time view analysis method, starting with the vertical historical line of financial supervision system as the beginning of the study, rationally analyzing and drawing lessons from historical practice, and drawing lessons from the experience and achievements of financial supervision in western developed countries. At the same time, explore the theory of financial supervision to guide the innovation of regulatory system. Under the guidance of the motive of the reform of the financial supervision system, the paper explores the reform and remoulding of the new financial supervision system in our country, which must revolve around the service economy and adapt to the main idea of the market. Focusing on the contraction and expansion of financial supervision power, the paper puts forward the framework of financial supervision system: first, the top-level design of administrative decentralization within the government management system, exploring the extension of central control to the local level; Second, the symmetry of the reform of the legislative system under the demand of financial governance under the rule of law, the exploration of the compression of the legislative power of the state and the expansion of the legislative authority to the local level; the third, the combination of the public and private forces of the diversified financial supervision. Explore the power division of the government and society that restrict the public power to expand the private rights. The main path choice: insist on the reconstruction of the central and local financial supervision administrative decentralization, reconfigure the power, the central soil movement to simplify the power, shrink the financial supervision power, promote the power to the local decentralization, sink, move down, strengthen the local supervision; Adhere to the construction of a multi-tiered financial legislation system, perfect national legislation, expand local financial independent development rights, promote the central and local governments to administer according to law, supervise and administer the framework according to law, and adhere to pluralistic social joint efforts to supervise and control, Effectively constraining the excessive administrative intervention of the visible hand of the government, promoting the decentralization of political and social power, scientifically and moderately devolving power society, strengthening the construction of internal control system of the regulatory receptor, giving full play to the pluralistic supervisory role of social organizations, and effectively constructing the government and society, The financial supervision system in which enterprises participate in multi-subjects forms the resultant force of pluralistic financial supervision in the whole society.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.28
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本文编号：1936807