轮对尺寸在线动态检测技术及镟轮决策研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 03:25

本文选题：轮对尺寸　切入点：曲线拟合　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在列车运营过程中,车轮与轨道接触摩擦会使得轮对尺寸发生改变,为保证列车的安全运行,及时准确地检测轮对尺寸的变化情况具有重要的意义。同时为节约列车的运营成本,研究镟轮决策技术,从而制定合理的镟修计划,减少镟修过程中轮径的损失量,可有效地延长车轮的使用寿命。本文在总结国内外的研究基础上,研究了轮对尺寸在线动态检测技术与镟轮决策技术。本文首先研究了轮对尺寸在线检测系统的总体架构,对各检测模块的工作原理进行了说明,并设计了激光位移传感器的安装参数。其次研究了轮对尺寸在线动态检测技术的关键算法,采用SolidWorks和AutoCAD对传感器输出数据进行仿真,并基于仿真数据研究了轮对尺寸的检测算法,算法主要包括坐标变换、数据融合、曲线拟合及圆重构等。针对曲线拟合过程,提出了一种基于自动提取分段点的车轮踏面轮廓线的拟合方法。然后在地铁列车运营库,搭建了轮对尺寸在线检测系统,令同一列车多次通过检测系统进行数据采集,实验结果表明,检测系统具有良好的准确性和一致性,能够满足现场检测需求。最后基于轮对尺寸人工测量数据和系统测量数据,研究了镟轮决策技术,利用SPSS软件分析了轮缘磨耗和轮径磨耗与轮缘厚的相关性,分别建立了基于状态转移过程的轮缘磨耗模型和基于数理统计理论的轮径磨耗模型,并在轮缘和轮径磨耗模型的基础上建立了单个车轮的单级和多级镟修控制限策略模型,通过蒙特卡罗仿真对比分析,认为多级控制限策略优于单级控制限策略,再结合轮径差的因素建立了针对单节列车车厢的镟修控制限策略模型,通过与某次实际镟修相比,经模型镟修后,使每个车轮节省轮径约3mm,表明镟修模型有效可行。
[Abstract]:In the course of train operation, the contact friction between the wheels and the track will change the size of the wheelset, in order to ensure the safe operation of the train, It is of great significance to detect the change of wheel pair size in time and accurately. In order to save the operation cost of train, the decision technology of rotating wheel is studied, so as to make a reasonable rotary repair plan and reduce the loss of wheel diameter in the course of rotary repair. It can effectively prolong the service life of wheels. Based on the research at home and abroad, this paper studies the technology of on-line dynamic measurement of wheelset size and the technology of wheel rotating wheel decision. Firstly, this paper studies the overall structure of the on-line measuring system of wheelset size. The working principle of each detection module is explained, and the installation parameters of laser displacement sensor are designed. Secondly, the key algorithm of on-line dynamic measurement of wheelset size is studied, and the output data of the sensor is simulated by SolidWorks and AutoCAD. Based on the simulation data, the algorithm of wheelset size detection is studied. The algorithm mainly includes coordinate transformation, data fusion, curve fitting and circle reconstruction. In this paper, a fitting method of wheel tread profile based on automatic extraction of segmented points is proposed. Then, an on-line measuring system of wheel set size is built in the subway train operation library, which makes the same train carry out data collection through the detection system many times. The experimental results show that the detection system has good accuracy and consistency, and can meet the needs of field testing. Finally, based on the manual measurement data of wheelset size and the system measurement data, the decision making technology of rotary wheel is studied. The correlation between flange wear and wheel diameter wear and flange thickness is analyzed by using SPSS software. The flange wear model based on state transfer process and the wheel diameter wear model based on mathematical statistics theory are established respectively. Based on the flange and wheel diameter wear model, the single-stage and multi-stage rotation control limit model of single wheel is established. Through Monte Carlo simulation, it is concluded that the multi-stage control limit strategy is superior to the single-stage control limit strategy. Combined with the factor of wheel diameter difference, the control strategy model for single train carriage is established. Compared with a certain actual rotary repair, the model can save each wheel diameter about 3 mm, which shows that the rotary repair model is effective and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;U270.33

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