FDM桌面型3D打印机的整体设计及成型工艺研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 05:30

本文选题：FDM技术 + 打印精度　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了解决传统制造业生产研发周期长、成本高以及难以成型复杂结构零件的问题,3D打印技术作为一种先进的制造技术应运而生。FDM技术作为该技术发展比较成熟的六大技术之一,具有结构简单、成本相对低廉、易普及、应用前景广泛等其他几种技术不可比拟的优势,因此发展FDM技术在设备、工艺方面的研究是必然要求。就目前发展情况而言,国内在FDM设备方面受到国外在技术和价格上的压制,整个设备的使用和维护成本较高,而且材料也受国外的牵制,形势峻迫。本课题从FDM型桌面型3D打印机的成本、便捷度、打印精度方面入手,自主研发低成本高效率高精度的升级版桌面型3D打印机,为后续实现更加高效便捷的市场化奠定基础,以期在一定程度上弥补国内FDM桌面型3D打印机的不足。通过比较国内外常见的桌面型3D打印机的整机结构、打印体积、三轴运动方式、打印精度以及喷头加热挤出设计方面的优劣,在Prusa i3桌面型3D打印机的三轴运动结构为基础上加以改进,最终确定了Y轴和Z轴复合运动加X轴的独立运动的设计方案。控制系统的主控板在现有开源的主控板的基础上开发出了一套性能更加稳定的新主控板,同时对于切片软件进行分析及设计,使整个3D打印机成为一个完整的体系。经过打印机整装调试,进行了多次打印试验操作确保了设计的3D打印机能够满足设计时的结构、稳定性等多方面的要求,打印实践证明桌面型3D打印机的整个研究设计是成功的。针对本题设计的桌面型3D打印机,研究了层厚、倾斜角及打印取向对打印件尺寸精度的影响规律,最后通过正交试验得出最佳工艺参数配置。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of long production cycle, high cost and difficult forming of complex structure parts in traditional manufacturing industry, 3D printing technology, as an advanced manufacturing technology, emerges as the times require. FDM technology is one of the six mature technologies in the development of this technology. It has the advantages of simple structure, relatively low cost, easy popularization, wide application prospects and other incomparable advantages. Therefore, the development of FDM technology in equipment, process research is necessary. As far as the present situation is concerned, the domestic FDM equipment is suppressed by foreign technology and price, the cost of using and maintaining the whole equipment is high, and the material is restrained by foreign countries, so the situation is severe. This thesis starts with the cost, convenience and printing accuracy of FDM desktop 3D printer, and develops the upgrade desktop 3D printer with low cost, high efficiency and high precision independently, which lays the foundation for the further realization of more efficient and convenient marketization. In order to make up for the lack of domestic FDM desktop 3D printer to some extent. By comparing the whole machine structure, printing volume, triaxial motion mode, printing precision and the advantages and disadvantages of spray head heating extrusion design of desktop 3D printer at home and abroad, Based on the three-axis motion structure of Prusa i3 desktop 3D printer, the design scheme of Y axis and Z axis composite motion plus X axis independent motion is determined. The main control board of the control system has developed a new main control board with more stable performance based on the existing open source main control board. At the same time, the chip software is analyzed and designed to make the whole 3D printer a complete system. After the printer is assembled and debugged, many printing experiments are carried out to ensure that the designed 3D printer can meet the requirements of the design, such as structure, stability, etc. Printing practice proves that the whole research and design of desktop 3D printer is successful. Aiming at the desktop 3D printer designed in this paper, the effects of layer thickness, tilt angle and print orientation on the dimensional accuracy of printed parts are studied. Finally, the optimum configuration of process parameters is obtained by orthogonal test.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP334.8

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