基于多阶线性频率键控的汽车防撞雷达设计与实现

发布时间：2018-08-05 20:04

【摘要】：交通事故的频繁发生使汽车防撞雷达的需求量正在不断增大。论文以低成本、高性能汽车防撞雷达为出发点,设计了一种探测盲区小、信号处理简单、测距与测速精度高的汽车防撞雷达发射波形及其信号处理方法,在此基础上研制了一款该波形体制的汽车防撞雷达原理样机。论文主要工作如下:首先,针对线性调频连续波体制雷达多目标配对复杂和多重频率键控波形测距测速精度差的缺点,提出了多阶线性频率键控汽车防撞雷达工作波形,给出了详细的波形参数设计和信号处理方法。该波形无需目标配对降低了计算复杂度;通过多个不模糊距离递推求解的处理方式提高了测距测速精度;利用上下扫频联合探测减小了因收发泄漏造成的探测盲区,通过仿真验证了该波形的探测性能;随后给出了汽车防撞应用的雷达多目标跟踪方案。其次,基于多阶线性频率键控波形体制研制了一款汽车防撞雷达原理样机,该雷达样机天线、射频与信号处理电路采用一体化设计方式,其中射频与信号处理电路在一片印制板上实现。完成了射频与信号处理电路板原理图与PCB设计、雷达信号处理与数据处理软件设计以及上位机界面设计等工作。最后,通过外场实测,给出了基于多阶线性频率键控波形体制汽车防撞雷达样机测距测速效果和多目标跟踪效果,通过对实测结果分析验证了多阶线性频率键控波形及跟踪方案的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the frequent occurrence of traffic accidents, the demand for automobile anti-collision radar is increasing. Based on the low cost and high performance automobile anti-collision radar, this paper designs a method of transmitting waveform and signal processing of automobile anti-collision radar, which has small blind area, simple signal processing, high precision of ranging and measuring speed. On the basis of this, a prototype of automobile anti-collision radar with this waveform system is developed. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, in view of the shortcomings of complex multi-target matching and poor accuracy of multi-frequency keying waveform, the multi-order linear frequency keying radar working waveform is proposed. Detailed waveform parameter design and signal processing method are given. This waveform reduces the computational complexity without target matching, improves the accuracy of ranging and velocimetry by means of multiple non-fuzzy distance recursive solutions, and reduces the detection blind area caused by the leakage of transceiver and receiver by using the combined detection of upper and lower sweep frequencies. The detection performance of the waveform is verified by simulation, and a radar multi-target tracking scheme for automotive anti-collision application is presented. Secondly, based on the multi-order linear frequency keying waveform system, a prototype of automobile anti-collision radar is developed. The antenna, RF and signal processing circuit of the radar prototype are designed in an integrated way. The RF and signal processing circuits are implemented on a printed circuit board. The schematic diagram and PCB design of RF and signal processing circuit board, the software design of radar signal processing and data processing and the design of upper computer interface are completed. Finally, the effect of ranging and velocimetry based on multi-order linear frequency keying waveform and multi-target tracking is given. The effectiveness of the multi-order linear frequency keying waveform and tracking scheme is verified by analyzing the measured results.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN959;U463.6

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