基于光纤环衰荡实现静冰压力测量
发布时间：2018-11-01 14:16
【摘要】：在我国高纬度的东北、西北等地区,由于冬季寒冷引起河流大面积结冰导致的水工建筑物损坏的事情经常发生,会引起巨大的经济损失。因此研究冰力学特性,了解冰形成和融化过程中力的变化十分必要,可以为水工建筑的防护与建造提供指导。随着光纤技术的发展,光纤传感技术因其结构简单、不受电磁干扰、体积小、灵敏度高等优点,自诞生约50年以来得到了十分迅速的发展,目前已应用于生产和生活的许多方面。光纤环衰荡(FLRD)技术是以腔衰荡光谱(CRDS)技术为基础提出的,利用光纤环形成谐振腔的一种强度型光纤调制技术。基于FLRD技术的光纤传感器还具有稳定性和实时性好、响应速度快等优点。本文结合FLRD技术与光纤微弯传感技术,设计了一种连续监测静冰压力的传感系统。论文的主要工作包括:(1)通过查阅文献资料,综述了静冰压力的研究现状,介绍了几种常用的静冰压力估算方法,并对光纤传感的基本原理和分类进行了介绍。(2)介绍了CRDS技术及FLRD技术基本结构、原理及发展历程。FLRD技术包含脉冲光源、光纤环和数据处理部分。脉冲光源使用实验室搭建的掺铒光纤环形锁模激光器;光纤环由两个分光比为95:5的2×1耦合器和一段单模光纤组成;数据处理部分包含光电探测器和示波器。FLRD技术把传统强度传感器测量光强转换为测量脉冲在光纤环中的衰荡时间,避免光源强度变化引起所测物理量的误差。(3)通过分析光纤弯曲损耗理论和讨论微弯传感器的灵敏度,设计了适用于静冰压力测量的微弯传感器结构,并利用3-D打印机制作实验时所用的微弯传感器。(4)基于FLRD原理,结合光纤微弯传感器,设计了一种用于静冰压力测量的光纤传感器。利用此系统结合高低温交变湿热试验箱测量了-10℃~6℃条件下冰的形成和融化过程中静冰压力随着温度变化的曲线。传感器达到0.00998/(μs·kPa)的精度,测得最大冰压力为(552±4)kPa。实验证明,此传感系统可以对冰形成和融化过程的静冰压力变化进行实时和连续监测。
[Abstract]:In the northeast and northwest of China in the high latitudes, the damage of hydraulic structures caused by the freezing of large areas of rivers in winter often occurs, which will cause huge economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanical properties of ice and understand the change of force during ice formation and melting, which can provide guidance for the protection and construction of hydraulic buildings. With the development of optical fiber technology, optical fiber sensing technology has been developed rapidly since its birth 50 years ago, because of its simple structure, no electromagnetic interference, small size, high sensitivity and so on. At present, it has been applied in many aspects of production and life. The optical fiber ring ring-down (FLRD) technique is based on the cavity ring-down spectrum (CRDS) technique, which is a kind of intensity-type optical fiber modulation technique which uses the fiber ring to form the resonator. The optical fiber sensor based on FLRD technology also has the advantages of good stability, real-time, fast response speed and so on. In this paper, a continuous monitoring system of static ice pressure is designed based on FLRD technology and fiber optic microbend sensing technology. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research status of static ice pressure is summarized, and several commonly used static ice pressure estimation methods are introduced. The basic principle and classification of optical fiber sensing are introduced. (2) the basic structure, principle and development of CRDS and FLRD technology are introduced. FLRD technology includes pulse light source, optical fiber loop and data processing. The pulse light source is composed of two 2 脳 1 couplers with a splitting ratio of 95:5 and a single mode fiber, which is made up of an erbium-doped fiber ring mode-locked laser. The data processing part includes photodetectors and oscilloscopes. FLRD technology converts the traditional intensity sensor to measure the time of pulse decay in an optical fiber ring. (3) by analyzing the theory of optical fiber bending loss and discussing the sensitivity of micro-bending sensor, the structure of micro-bend sensor suitable for static ice pressure measurement is designed. The microbend sensor used in experiment is fabricated by 3-D printer. (4) based on the principle of FLRD, a fiber optic sensor for measuring static ice pressure is designed. Using this system, the curves of static ice pressure and temperature change during ice formation and melting at -10 鈩，
本文编号：2304164
[Abstract]:In the northeast and northwest of China in the high latitudes, the damage of hydraulic structures caused by the freezing of large areas of rivers in winter often occurs, which will cause huge economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanical properties of ice and understand the change of force during ice formation and melting, which can provide guidance for the protection and construction of hydraulic buildings. With the development of optical fiber technology, optical fiber sensing technology has been developed rapidly since its birth 50 years ago, because of its simple structure, no electromagnetic interference, small size, high sensitivity and so on. At present, it has been applied in many aspects of production and life. The optical fiber ring ring-down (FLRD) technique is based on the cavity ring-down spectrum (CRDS) technique, which is a kind of intensity-type optical fiber modulation technique which uses the fiber ring to form the resonator. The optical fiber sensor based on FLRD technology also has the advantages of good stability, real-time, fast response speed and so on. In this paper, a continuous monitoring system of static ice pressure is designed based on FLRD technology and fiber optic microbend sensing technology. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research status of static ice pressure is summarized, and several commonly used static ice pressure estimation methods are introduced. The basic principle and classification of optical fiber sensing are introduced. (2) the basic structure, principle and development of CRDS and FLRD technology are introduced. FLRD technology includes pulse light source, optical fiber loop and data processing. The pulse light source is composed of two 2 脳 1 couplers with a splitting ratio of 95:5 and a single mode fiber, which is made up of an erbium-doped fiber ring mode-locked laser. The data processing part includes photodetectors and oscilloscopes. FLRD technology converts the traditional intensity sensor to measure the time of pulse decay in an optical fiber ring. (3) by analyzing the theory of optical fiber bending loss and discussing the sensitivity of micro-bending sensor, the structure of micro-bend sensor suitable for static ice pressure measurement is designed. The microbend sensor used in experiment is fabricated by 3-D printer. (4) based on the principle of FLRD, a fiber optic sensor for measuring static ice pressure is designed. Using this system, the curves of static ice pressure and temperature change during ice formation and melting at -10 鈩，
本文编号：2304164
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