无人插秧机远程监控系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-11-01 20:43

【摘要】：随着农业机械智能化水平的不断提高,无人驾驶农机进行自主作业的研究也在快速的发展。实时、准确地对插秧机的工况和栽植质量进行监控,以及在发生故障时能及时地报警是插秧机高效、安全作业的重要保障,能够有效提高作业效率、降低安全隐患。本文设计了一套无人插秧机远程监控系统,由插秧机机载终端和远程监控中心两部分构成,采用C/S架构进行通信。插秧机采集其作业的工况检测信息、定位信息和经过图像算法处理后得到的秧苗栽植质量信息,通过GPRS网络上传到远程监控中心。远程监控中心以人机界面形式实时显示机载工况信息,并在地图上直观呈现其作业位置和栽植质量。此外,对于异常数据还可以进行报警提示,以及下发命令实现对插秧机的控制。首先,论文阐述了无人插秧机和远程监控系统的国内外研究现状,在分析系统机载终端和远程监控中心功能需求的基础上提出了系统的总体设计方案,并介绍了系统的结构组成和工作原理,对系统开发涉及到的GPS、GIS、GPRS以及Socket技术进行了概述。其次,搭建了插秧机机载终端总体框架,以工控机为机载处理器,外接GPS接收机、GPRS通信模块、摄像头以及数据采集卡,对机载终端硬件功能模块进行了选型和设计。在此基础上采用VC开发环境对机载终端软件程序流程进行了设计,主要包括对采集的插秧机各类工况信息分类处理,通信程序的软件实现,以及利用图像匹配、图像分割和BP神经网络等算法对采集的秧苗图进行状态检测和等级处理。接着,在插秧机机载终端软硬件设计的基础上,进一步设计了相应的远程监控中心。围绕数据库、服务器以及监控客户端这三个方面,详细介绍了远程监控中心的设计和实现过程。运用Socket和多线程技术完成了数据通信和远程控制,利用数据库技术对接收的数据进行了存储和管理。另外,采用VC开发了良好的监控客户端人机界面,并使用GIS技术实现了插秧机实时定位显示和秧苗栽植质量地图直观呈现。最后,对插秧机的主要硬件模块进行了功能测试,并在此基础上对监控系统的各个功能模块进行了调试。经验证,该监控系统基本实现了对远程作业插秧机进行实时监控的功能。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of intelligent level of agricultural machinery, the research of autonomous operation of unmanned agricultural machinery is developing rapidly. Monitoring the working condition and planting quality of transplanter in real time and accurately, and alarming in time in case of failure are the important guarantee of high efficiency and safe operation of transplanter, which can effectively improve the working efficiency and reduce the hidden danger of safety. In this paper, a remote monitoring system for unmanned transplanter is designed, which is composed of two parts: the airborne terminal and the remote monitoring center of the transplanter. The communication system is based on C / S architecture. The transplanter collects the working condition detection information, the location information and the seedling planting quality information after processing the image algorithm, and uploads it to the remote monitoring center through the GPRS network. The remote monitoring center displays the airborne working condition information in real time in the form of man-machine interface, and visualizes its working position and planting quality on the map. In addition, the abnormal data can be alerted and ordered to control the transplanter. First of all, the paper describes the research status of unmanned transplanter and remote monitoring system at home and abroad, and puts forward the overall design scheme of the system based on the analysis of the functional requirements of the airborne terminal and remote monitoring center. The structure and working principle of the system are introduced, and the GPS,GIS,GPRS and Socket technology involved in the development of the system are summarized. Secondly, the whole frame of the airborne terminal of the transplanter is built. The industrial control computer is used as the airborne processor, the external GPS receiver, the GPRS communication module, the camera and the data acquisition card. The hardware function module of the airborne terminal is selected and designed. On this basis, the software flow chart of airborne terminal software is designed by using VC development environment, which mainly includes the classification and processing of all kinds of working condition information of the collecting transplanter, the software realization of communication program, and the use of image matching. Image segmentation and BP neural network are used to detect and process the state of the collected seedling map. Then, on the basis of the hardware and software design of the transplanter's airborne terminal, the corresponding remote monitoring center is designed. The design and implementation of remote monitoring center are introduced in detail around database, server and monitoring client. The data communication and remote control are accomplished by using Socket and multithread technology, and the data received are stored and managed by database technology. In addition, a good man-machine interface of monitoring client is developed by using VC, and the real-time positioning display of transplanter and the visual presentation of seedling planting quality map are realized by using GIS technology. Finally, the main hardware modules of the transplanter are tested, and each function module of the monitoring system is debugged. It is verified that the monitoring system basically realizes the function of real-time monitoring of remote working transplanter.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S223.91;TP277

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