毫米波通信混合波束赋形技术研究
发布时间：2018-11-21 17:31
【摘要】：无线通信技术因为其成本较低和使用、部署简单方便的特点在人们的生活、工作中有了越来越重要的地位。目前普遍使用的无线终端的工作频段都在微波频段,主要是2.4G和5G频段,这些频段可用带宽小。相反的,随着各类无线终端设备数量的大量增加,现有的无线通信网络的数据传输速率无法满足庞大用户群体日益增加的高传输速率需求,现阶段用户追求的传输速率高达多个Gbps。鉴于2.4G和5G频段频谱资源的不足,可用带宽少,因此开发新的频段势在必行,而毫米波段因为具有更大带宽,正受到越来越多的关注。毫米波因为其频谱特性,在传播过程中有很大的损耗,因此需要使用波束成形技术,将复用增益、分集增益、天线增益、阵列增益以及干扰消除等进行结合,进一步增加通信链路的容量。在IEEE802.11ad等毫米波通信系统中,普遍采用了混合波束赋形技术,即通过阵列天线波束成形而获得的天线增益和阵列增益,有效补偿毫米波频段过大的路径损耗和穿透损耗,将数字波束成形和模拟波束成形进行级联,进一步充分利用其复用增益和分集增益。论文重点围绕IEEE802.11ad标准的波束训练流程,详细地说明了毫米波通信系统中所采用的扇区级扫描和波束优化过程,并分析了每个阶段中收发端的天线波束状态。然后对IEEE802.11ad进行了链路级仿真,搭建了仿真平台,并给出了仿真曲线进行校准。针对混合波束赋形接收端反馈开销过大的问题,论文给了一种适用于IEEE802.11ad波束成形训练反馈设计方案,以有效满足毫米波通信系统波束赋形训练要求。在毫米波无线通信系统中很容易配置使用更多天线单元,而天线数量的增多意味着仍然使用传统的数字波束成形技术在成本和复杂度上变得无法接受。论文围绕低复杂度的部分连接架构,研究了射频链路数与能效和谱效的关系,重点研究在保证增益的前提下最优的射频链路数。论文首先分析了部分连接架构下,能效、谱效和射频链路数之间的关系,然后证明了在考虑链路器件功率的前提下,存在一个最佳功率点,也就是绿点(Green Point)。其次分析了给定谱效的条件下,链路数对能效的影响,分析表明,当谱效确定时,存在一个最优的射频链路数,可以使系统获得最佳的能效。最后分析了最优能效和射频链路数的关系。论文分析结果表明,当射频链路数和每个子阵列天线数不相关时,最优能效随着射频链路数单调递增。
[Abstract]:Wireless communication technology has become more and more important in people's life and work because of its low cost and convenient deployment. At present, the widely used wireless terminals are in the microwave frequency band, mainly 2.4G and 5G band, these band available bandwidth is small. On the contrary, with the large increase in the number of wireless terminal devices, the data transmission rate of the existing wireless communication network can not meet the increasing demand for high transmission rate by a large number of users. At this stage, the rate of transmission pursued by users is as high as multiple Gbps.. In view of the shortage of spectrum resources in 2.4G and 5G bands and the less available bandwidth, it is imperative to develop new frequency bands, while millimeter band is attracting more and more attention because of its larger bandwidth. Millimeter wave has great loss in the propagation process because of its spectrum characteristic, so it is necessary to use beamforming technology to combine multiplexing gain, diversity gain, antenna gain, array gain and interference cancellation, etc. Further increase the capacity of communication links. In IEEE802.11ad and other millimeter-wave communication systems, hybrid beamforming technology is widely used, that is, antenna gain and array gain obtained by array antenna beamforming can effectively compensate the excessive path loss and penetration loss in millimeter wave band. Digital beamforming and analog beamforming are cascaded to make full use of their multiplexing and diversity gains. Focusing on the beam training flow of IEEE802.11ad standard, the sector-level scanning and beam optimization process used in millimeter-wave communication system are described in detail, and the antenna beam state at the transceiver in each phase is analyzed. Then the link level simulation of IEEE802.11ad is carried out, the simulation platform is built, and the simulation curve is given to calibrate. In order to solve the problem that the feedback overhead of hybrid beamforming receiver is too large, this paper presents a design scheme for IEEE802.11ad beamforming training feedback, which can effectively meet the requirements of beamforming training in millimeter wave communication systems. It is easy to configure more antenna elements in millimeter-wave wireless communication systems, and the increase in the number of antennas means that the traditional digital beamforming technology is not acceptable in cost and complexity. In this paper, the relationship between the number of RF links, energy efficiency and spectral efficiency is studied, and the optimal number of RF links is studied under the premise of guaranteed gain. This paper first analyzes the relationship between energy efficiency, spectral effect and the number of RF links under partial connection architecture, and then proves that there exists an optimal power point, that is, Green Point (Green Point)., under the premise of considering the power of link devices. Secondly, the influence of the number of links on energy efficiency is analyzed under the given spectral effect. The analysis shows that there is an optimal number of RF links when the spectral effect is determined, which can make the system obtain the best energy efficiency. Finally, the relationship between the optimal energy efficiency and the number of RF links is analyzed. The results show that the optimal energy efficiency increases monotonously with the number of RF links when the number of RF links is not correlated with the number of antennas per sub-array.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN928
本文编号：2347715
[Abstract]:Wireless communication technology has become more and more important in people's life and work because of its low cost and convenient deployment. At present, the widely used wireless terminals are in the microwave frequency band, mainly 2.4G and 5G band, these band available bandwidth is small. On the contrary, with the large increase in the number of wireless terminal devices, the data transmission rate of the existing wireless communication network can not meet the increasing demand for high transmission rate by a large number of users. At this stage, the rate of transmission pursued by users is as high as multiple Gbps.. In view of the shortage of spectrum resources in 2.4G and 5G bands and the less available bandwidth, it is imperative to develop new frequency bands, while millimeter band is attracting more and more attention because of its larger bandwidth. Millimeter wave has great loss in the propagation process because of its spectrum characteristic, so it is necessary to use beamforming technology to combine multiplexing gain, diversity gain, antenna gain, array gain and interference cancellation, etc. Further increase the capacity of communication links. In IEEE802.11ad and other millimeter-wave communication systems, hybrid beamforming technology is widely used, that is, antenna gain and array gain obtained by array antenna beamforming can effectively compensate the excessive path loss and penetration loss in millimeter wave band. Digital beamforming and analog beamforming are cascaded to make full use of their multiplexing and diversity gains. Focusing on the beam training flow of IEEE802.11ad standard, the sector-level scanning and beam optimization process used in millimeter-wave communication system are described in detail, and the antenna beam state at the transceiver in each phase is analyzed. Then the link level simulation of IEEE802.11ad is carried out, the simulation platform is built, and the simulation curve is given to calibrate. In order to solve the problem that the feedback overhead of hybrid beamforming receiver is too large, this paper presents a design scheme for IEEE802.11ad beamforming training feedback, which can effectively meet the requirements of beamforming training in millimeter wave communication systems. It is easy to configure more antenna elements in millimeter-wave wireless communication systems, and the increase in the number of antennas means that the traditional digital beamforming technology is not acceptable in cost and complexity. In this paper, the relationship between the number of RF links, energy efficiency and spectral efficiency is studied, and the optimal number of RF links is studied under the premise of guaranteed gain. This paper first analyzes the relationship between energy efficiency, spectral effect and the number of RF links under partial connection architecture, and then proves that there exists an optimal power point, that is, Green Point (Green Point)., under the premise of considering the power of link devices. Secondly, the influence of the number of links on energy efficiency is analyzed under the given spectral effect. The analysis shows that there is an optimal number of RF links when the spectral effect is determined, which can make the system obtain the best energy efficiency. Finally, the relationship between the optimal energy efficiency and the number of RF links is analyzed. The results show that the optimal energy efficiency increases monotonously with the number of RF links when the number of RF links is not correlated with the number of antennas per sub-array.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN928
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