高功率脉冲驱动源的初级储能充电系统及其关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 22:15

【摘要】：高功率脉冲驱动源在民用和军事领域具有广泛的应用价值,初级储能充电系统作为高功率脉冲驱动源的能量存储和供给单元,是高功率脉冲驱动源的核心部分。研究具有高输出电压、高能量效率、可重频运行的紧凑型初级储能充电系统对高功率脉冲驱动源技术的提高和应用具有十分重要的意义。本文对空芯Tesla变压器、主控晶闸管以及LC谐振充电装置等进行了深入的理论和实验研究,并在此基础上成功研制了一台紧凑型初级储能充电系统。论文的主要工作和创新点有:1.采用直接电路法和等效电路法相结合的方法对空芯Tesla变压器的谐振充电和负载放电过程进行了准确的理论分析。基于该方法研制了一台输出电压100kV,能量利用效率大于50%且能够在重复频率5 Hz条件下稳定运行的小型空芯Tesla变压器。2.根据实际工作需求,设计了一套串并联晶闸管组件作为初级储能充电系统的主控开关。对静态均压电阻的设计方法进行了改进,达到了低功率损耗的目的。采用RC吸收回路和反向恢复电荷一致的晶闸管解决了晶闸管组件开通过电压和反向尖峰电压分配不均匀的问题。研制了一套紧凑型触发控制系统,并对触发控制系统和晶闸管组件的输出性能进行了研究。结果表明:该晶闸管组件作为初级储能充电系统的主控开关能够在高电压、大电流条件下安全稳定运行。3.建立了一套可以在能量补充电容工作电压变化的情况下分析LC谐振充电装置的近似分析方法。基于该方法优化设计了一台紧凑型LC谐振充电装置。该装置可以将初级储能电容器连续4次充电至4.5 kV,且能量利用效率大于90%。4.将空芯Tesla变压器、主控晶闸管以及LC谐振充电装置三个关键部分进行组装,研制了一台紧凑型初级储能充电系统。该系统采用继电器隔离的方法解决了气体火花开关强电磁辐射造成的充电晶闸管和回收晶闸管的误触发问题。通过实验测试详细研究了初级储能充电系统的输出特性。结果表明:初级储能充电系统的输出电压为100 kV,重复运行频率为5 Hz,脉冲个数为5个,能量利用效率大于45%,达到了预期设计要求。
[Abstract]:The high power pulse drive source has wide application value in civil and military fields. As the energy storage and supply unit of the high power pulse drive source, the primary energy storage charge system is the core part of the high power pulse drive source. The study of compact primary energy storage charging system with high output voltage, high energy efficiency and repeatable operation is of great significance to the improvement and application of high power pulse drive source technology. In this paper, the theoretical and experimental research on the hollow Tesla transformer, the main thyristor and the LC resonant charging device is carried out. On this basis, a compact primary energy storage charging system is successfully developed. The main work and innovation of the paper are: 1. The direct circuit method and equivalent circuit method are used to analyze the resonant charging and load discharge process of hollow Tesla transformer. Based on this method, a small empty-core Tesla transformer with 100kV output voltage, energy utilization efficiency of more than 50% and stable operation at a repetition rate of 5 Hz has been developed. According to the practical requirements, a series and parallel thyristor assembly is designed as the main control switch of the primary energy storage charging system. The design method of static voltage-sharing resistance is improved to achieve the purpose of low power loss. A thyristor with the same RC absorption circuit and reverse recovery charge is used to solve the problem of over-voltage and non-uniform distribution of reverse spike voltage in the thyristor assembly. A compact trigger control system is developed, and the output performance of the trigger control system and thyristor assembly is studied. The results show that the thyristor assembly can operate safely and stably at high voltage and high current as the main control switch of the primary energy storage charging system. An approximate analysis method for LC resonant charging device is established, which can be used to analyze LC resonant charging device under the condition of the change of the working voltage of the energy supply capacitor. Based on this method, a compact LC resonant charging device is designed. The device can charge the primary energy storage capacitor to 4.5 kV for 4 times in a row, and the energy utilization efficiency is more than 90 kV. A compact primary energy storage charging system was developed by assembling three key parts of the hollow Tesla transformer, the main thyristor and the LC resonant charging device. The system adopts the method of relay isolation to solve the problem of charging thyristor and recovering thyristor caused by the strong electromagnetic radiation of gas spark switch. The output characteristics of primary energy storage charging system are studied in detail by experimental test. The results show that the output voltage of the primary energy storage charging system is 100 kV, the repetition rate is 5 Hz, the number of pulses is 5, and the energy utilization efficiency is more than 45, which meets the expected design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN78;TM910.6

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